Legislative process and procedures in nigeria - Advocacy Opportunity for CSOsJohn Onyeukwu
A summary of presentation on Legislative Advocacy for Civil Society Organizations - incorporating advocacy opportunities in the various Stages of Law Making in Nigeria's Presidential System
Legislative process and procedures in nigeria - Advocacy Opportunity for CSOsJohn Onyeukwu
A summary of presentation on Legislative Advocacy for Civil Society Organizations - incorporating advocacy opportunities in the various Stages of Law Making in Nigeria's Presidential System
The 2016 United States elections will be held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. During this presidential election year, the President of the United States and Vice President will be elected. In addition, elections will be held for all 435 voting-member seats in the United States House of Representatives (as well as all 6 non-voting delegate seats) and 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate. Twelve state governorships, two territorial governorships, and numerous other state and local elections will also be contested.
The United States presidential election of 2016 will be the 58th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. The current electoral vote distribution was determined by the 2010 census. Presidential electors who will elect the President and Vice President of the United States will be chosen; a simple majority (270) of the 538 electoral votes are required to win the election. The incumbent president, Democrat Barack Obama, is ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. There are numerous potential candidates in the Republican Party, Democratic Party, and among third parties. Assuming Barack Obama serves out his full term, the winner of this election will become the 45th President of the United States.
Rafael Edward “Ted” Cruz (born December 22, 1970) is the junior United States Senator from Texas. Elected in 2012, he is the first Cuban American or Latino to hold the office of US Senator from Texas. Cruz is a member of the Republican Party. He served as Solicitor General of Texas from 2003 to May 2008, after being appointed by Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott. Between 1999 and 2003, Cruz served as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the United States Department of Justice, and as Domestic Policy Advisor to U.S. President George W. Bush on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign. Cruz was also an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Texas School of Law in Austin, where he taught U.S. Supreme Court litigation, from 2004 to 2009.
He was the first Hispanic Solicitor General in Texas, the youngest Solicitor General of Texas, and the longest-serving Solicitor General in Texas’ history. Cruz is one of three Latinos in the Senate; the others — also Americans of Cuban ancestry — are fellow Republican Marco Rubio of Florida and Democrat Bob Menendez of New Jersey.
On November 8, 2016 citizens of the United States of America vote for the next President and we have front-row seats. This presentation features American English, basic to trending vocabulary. Please clap. Your comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes, clips and shares.
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/usa2016
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/usa2016#lvdebate
The 2016 United States elections will be held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. During this presidential election year, the President of the United States and Vice President will be elected. In addition, elections will be held for all 435 voting-member seats in the United States House of Representatives (as well as all 6 non-voting delegate seats) and 34 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate. Twelve state governorships, two territorial governorships, and numerous other state and local elections will also be contested.
The United States presidential election of 2016 will be the 58th quadrennial U.S. presidential election. The current electoral vote distribution was determined by the 2010 census. Presidential electors who will elect the President and Vice President of the United States will be chosen; a simple majority (270) of the 538 electoral votes are required to win the election. The incumbent president, Democrat Barack Obama, is ineligible to be elected to a third term due to term limits established by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution. There are numerous potential candidates in the Republican Party, Democratic Party, and among third parties. Assuming Barack Obama serves out his full term, the winner of this election will become the 45th President of the United States.
Rafael Edward “Ted” Cruz (born December 22, 1970) is the junior United States Senator from Texas. Elected in 2012, he is the first Cuban American or Latino to hold the office of US Senator from Texas. Cruz is a member of the Republican Party. He served as Solicitor General of Texas from 2003 to May 2008, after being appointed by Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott. Between 1999 and 2003, Cruz served as the director of the Office of Policy Planning at the Federal Trade Commission, an Associate Deputy Attorney General at the United States Department of Justice, and as Domestic Policy Advisor to U.S. President George W. Bush on the 2000 Bush-Cheney campaign. Cruz was also an Adjunct Professor of Law at the University of Texas School of Law in Austin, where he taught U.S. Supreme Court litigation, from 2004 to 2009.
He was the first Hispanic Solicitor General in Texas, the youngest Solicitor General of Texas, and the longest-serving Solicitor General in Texas’ history. Cruz is one of three Latinos in the Senate; the others — also Americans of Cuban ancestry — are fellow Republican Marco Rubio of Florida and Democrat Bob Menendez of New Jersey.
On November 8, 2016 citizens of the United States of America vote for the next President and we have front-row seats. This presentation features American English, basic to trending vocabulary. Please clap. Your comments are welcome and so are embeds, likes, clips and shares.
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/usa2016
http://planeta.wikispaces.com/usa2016#lvdebate
Constitution of USA
Congress
House of representative
Senate
composition of senate
Composition of house of representative
Function of speaker of USA and U.K.
Difference between U.K and USA parliament
special powers of senate and house of representative
1. How Our Laws Are Made January 18th, 2010 Presented by: Tim Deacon
2. The U.S. Congress 2 The Congress of the United States of America One of the most practical safeguards of the American democratic way of life is this legislative process with its emphasis on the protection of the minority, allowing ample opportunity to all sides to be heard and make their views known. The fact that a proposal cannot become a law without consideration and approval by both Houses of Congress is an outstanding virtue of our bicameral legislative system. The open and full discussion provided under the Constitution often results in the notable improvement of a bill by amendment before it becomes law or in the eventual defeat of an inadvisable proposal.
52. 7 What is (and isn’t) in the bill… Floor Action Conference Committee Action The President The Bill Becomes A Law Introduce Committee Action House of Representatives Senate REFER BILL TO COMMITTEE(S) BY SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE (May be split among committees) REFER BILL TO COMMITTEE(S) BY PRESIDING OFFICER OF THE SENATE (May be split among committees) PLACE BILL ON COMMITTEE CALENDAR PLACE BILL ON COMMITTEE CALENDAR HOLD HEARINGS HOLD HEARINGS SEND BILL TO SUB-COMMITTEES SEND BILL TO SUB-COMMITTEES SUB-COMMITTEES MAKES REVISIONS AND ADDITIONS SUB-COMMITTEES MAKES REVISIONS AND ADDITIONS SUB-COMMITTEES REPORT FINDINGS TO FULL COMMITTEE SUB-COMMITTEES REPORT FINDINGS TO FULL COMMITTEE COMMITTEE COMPLETES WRITTEN REPORT AND SENDS TO HOUSE COMMITTEE COMPLETES WRITTEN REPORT AND SENDS TO SENATE
53. 8 Let’s talk about this bill and then vote on it… Floor Action Conference Committee Action The President The Bill Becomes A Law Introduce Committee Action House of Representatives Senate BILL IS PLACED ON CALENDAR Placed in order that they are received. Scheduled based on importance. LIMITED DEBATE (Limited by rules formulated by Rules Committee.) Entire committee debates and amends bill. Debate guided by sponsoring committee with equal time for both parties. VOTE ON BILL VOICE VOTE – Say “Aye” or “Nay.” DIVISION VOTE – Stand and be counted. RECORDED VOTE – Recorded electronically. FAIL PASS PASS OR FAIL? SEND TO SENATE BILL DIES
54. 9 Let’s talk about this bill and then vote on it… Floor Action Conference Committee Action The President The Bill Becomes A Law Introduce Committee Action House of Representatives Senate BILL IS PLACED ON CALENDAR Placed in order that they are received. Scheduled based on importance. BILL IS PLACED ON CALENDAR Placed in order that they are received. Scheduled based on importance. LIMITED DEBATE (Limited by rules formulated by Rules Committee. Entire committee debates and amends bill. Debate guided by sponsoring committee with equal time for both parties. UNLIMITED DEBATE Debate is unlimited unless Cloture is invoked. (60% of the full senate agrees on ending discussion) Members can speak as long as they wish, often using a filibuster to “talk a bill to death.” VOTE ON BILL VOTE ON BILL VOICE VOTE – Say “Aye” or “Nay.” DIVISION VOTE – Stand and be counted. RECORDED VOTE – Recorded electronically. PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS OR FAIL? PASS OR FAIL? SEND TO SENATE SEND TO PRESIDENT BILL DIES BILL DIES HOWEVER, BEFORE SENDING A BILL TO THE PRESIDENT, THE HOUSE AND SENATE MUST BE IN AGREEMENT, WITH JUST ONE BILL.
55. 10 What if the Senate and House Disagree? Floor Action Conference Committee Action The President The Bill Becomes A Law Introduce Committee Action House of Representatives Senate FORM CONFERENCE COMMITTEE - Members from both chambers form committees to discuss and work out differences. WORK OUT DIFFERENCES (COMPROMISE) - Can’t we just work together. REWRITE A BILL AGREEABLE TO BOTH HOUSES. PREPARE A CONFERENCE REPORT. SEND CONFERENCE REPORT AND NEW BILL TO HOUSE AND SENATE. PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS OR FAIL? PASS OR FAIL? SEND TO PRESIDENT SEND TO SENATE FLOOR ACTION FLOOR ACTION BILL DIES BILL DIES
56. 11 It is now up to the President… Floor Action Conference Committee Action The President The Bill Becomes A Law Introduce Committee Action The Office of The President BILL REVIEWED BILL SIGNED BILL VETOED (“I Forbid”) BILL NOT SIGNED BILL WILL BECOME LAW SENT BACK TO CONGRESS WITH EXPLANATION IS CONGRESS IN SESSION? NO YES BILL DIES BILL WILL BECOME LAW House of Representatives Senate YES YES NO NO 2/3 IN FAVOR? 2/3 IN FAVOR? SEND TO SENATE BILL WILL BECOME LAW BILL DIES BILL DIES
57. 12 …and finally, it becomes law. Floor Action Conference Committee Action The President The Bill Becomes A Law Introduce Committee Action The Office of The President Congress BILL SIGNED BY PRESIDENT BILL NOT SIGNED BY PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS HAS ADJOURNED VETO OVERRIDDEN BY CONGRESS THE BILL BECOMES LAW LAW ASSIGNED OFFICIAL NUMBER