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How a Bill becomes a Law “ You think you know, but you have no idea.”
How a Bill becomes a Law? General Considerations: *Only Members of the House or Senate can introduce a Bill What is a Bill? -  It is a  proposed  law. -  THOUSANDS  are proposed a year (very      few survive the process). ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- The Bill will start in either the House or the Senate (all revenue bill must start in the House) STEP 1:   Bill is placed in the hopper (box), read titled and numbered. EX:  H.R.0157 = “House Resolution” 1057 S.4556 = “Senate” 4556 STEP 2:   Bill is sent to the proper Standing Committee. EX:  H.R.4185  : To direct the Consumer Product Safety Commission to  strengthen regulations concerning the flammability of children's clothing. Sponsor:   Rep Andrews, Robert E.  [NJ-1] (introduced 11/1/2007)      Cosponsors  (None)  Committees:  House Energy and Commerce  Latest Major Action:  11/1/2007 Referred to House committee. Status:  Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- Once in a committee, they will have the following options: 1:  Report the bill favorably -  pass recommendation. (don’t pass the bill) 2:  Report the bill unfavorably - do not pass recommendation. 3:  Report the bill in an amended form (make changes to it) 4:  Report a committee bill (make their own substitute bill) 5:  Pigeonhole it:  -bill is effectively dead b/c the committee never deals with it. *  MOST BILLS DIE IN THE COMMITTEE STAGE .
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- STEP 3 :  Bill is Sent to the House Rules Committee and  placed on the calendar or just placed on a calendar  in the Senate. House Rules Committee can do following: - grant a rule = place on calendar - do not grant rule = bill is dead - grant a special rule- set conditions which bill can be discussed. - grant a privileged rule – bill receives immediate action. STEP 4:  Bill is retuned to the House or Senate. -  Read a 2 nd  time, a quorum must be present to take a vote in House. quorum = majority + 1 = 218 Representatives
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- Voting (con’t) In the House =   -  debate is limited to an hour per member, the Speaker can cut that short ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Ex:  Strom Thurmond holds the record for the longest filibuster:  It lasted 24 hours and 18 minutes.  He was attempting to delay a vote on the Civil Rights Act of 1957.  He read from the Bible and the Washington Phone Book to prolong the debate.  It was unsuccessful.
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],After the bill has been voted on and passed, it is  engrossed , which means: 1)  Read for a third time. 2)  Signed by the presiding officer. 3)  Sent to the other house of Congress.
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- STEP 5-8:  The same steps 1-4 are repeated in the other house of Congress. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- President’s options for a bill: 1:  Sign bill-  becomes a law 2:  Veto bill- must return it to the originating housewith reasons why. -  Can be over ridden with a 2/3 rd  vote of both houses. 3:  Allow a bill to become a law by not signing it-  -  if a bill sits on the President’s desk for 10 days w/o   action while Congress is in session, it becomes a law.  4:  Pocket veto-  -  if a bill sits on the President’s desk for 10 days while      Congress is leaving or out of session, it is dead.
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- Presidential Vetoes
How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process-

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How a Bill becomes a Law?

  • 1. How a Bill becomes a Law “ You think you know, but you have no idea.”
  • 2.
  • 3. How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- The Bill will start in either the House or the Senate (all revenue bill must start in the House) STEP 1: Bill is placed in the hopper (box), read titled and numbered. EX: H.R.0157 = “House Resolution” 1057 S.4556 = “Senate” 4556 STEP 2: Bill is sent to the proper Standing Committee. EX: H.R.4185 : To direct the Consumer Product Safety Commission to strengthen regulations concerning the flammability of children's clothing. Sponsor: Rep Andrews, Robert E. [NJ-1] (introduced 11/1/2007)      Cosponsors (None) Committees: House Energy and Commerce Latest Major Action: 11/1/2007 Referred to House committee. Status: Referred to the House Committee on Energy and Commerce
  • 4. How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- Once in a committee, they will have the following options: 1: Report the bill favorably - pass recommendation. (don’t pass the bill) 2: Report the bill unfavorably - do not pass recommendation. 3: Report the bill in an amended form (make changes to it) 4: Report a committee bill (make their own substitute bill) 5: Pigeonhole it: -bill is effectively dead b/c the committee never deals with it. * MOST BILLS DIE IN THE COMMITTEE STAGE .
  • 5. How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- STEP 3 : Bill is Sent to the House Rules Committee and placed on the calendar or just placed on a calendar in the Senate. House Rules Committee can do following: - grant a rule = place on calendar - do not grant rule = bill is dead - grant a special rule- set conditions which bill can be discussed. - grant a privileged rule – bill receives immediate action. STEP 4: Bill is retuned to the House or Senate. - Read a 2 nd time, a quorum must be present to take a vote in House. quorum = majority + 1 = 218 Representatives
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- President’s options for a bill: 1: Sign bill- becomes a law 2: Veto bill- must return it to the originating housewith reasons why. - Can be over ridden with a 2/3 rd vote of both houses. 3: Allow a bill to become a law by not signing it- - if a bill sits on the President’s desk for 10 days w/o action while Congress is in session, it becomes a law. 4: Pocket veto- - if a bill sits on the President’s desk for 10 days while Congress is leaving or out of session, it is dead.
  • 10. How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process- Presidential Vetoes
  • 11. How a Bill becomes a Law? The Law Making Process-