This document summarizes the evolution of human species from early hominids to modern humans and provides some hypotheses about future human evolution. It discusses:
- Early hominid species like Australopithecus that lived 3-4 million years ago and were bipedal but still spent time in trees
- Increased brain size in Homo habilis and Homo erectus around 2 million years ago which enabled tool use and hunting
- Appearance of Homo sapiens and Neanderthals around 200,000 years ago
- Different theories about how human evolution may progress in the future through natural selection, artificial selection with genetic engineering, or merging with technology to create cyborg or post-human species
Learning from Darwin: What can the man who wrote The Origin of Species teach ...Roberto Rocco
‘On the Origin of Species’ was published on 24 November 1859. It is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin, and it is considered the foundation of evolutionary biology. In this text, we read the INTRODUCTION to The Origin of Species and highlight aspects of the text that are relevant for us to understand a scientific attitude and how to translate this attitude into text. This exercise is intended to Urbanism students who are unsure about the tone and the kind of language they met adopt in scientific reports. The text we are about to analyse was written in the second half of the 19th century, but it is still incredibly modern and actual. Read the text carefully and reflect on the comments. What can you incorporate into your essays and reports?
Human evolution is the evolutionary process leading up to the appearance of modern humans. It is the process by which human beings developed on Earth from now-extinct primates. It involves the lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors. The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, ethology, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics. Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioural traits shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately six million years.
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Evolutionary Theory
3.0 Process of Evolution
4.0 History of Human Evolution
5.0 Paleoanthropology
6.0 Evidence of Evolution
6.1 Evidence from comparative physiology
6.2 Evidence from comparative anatomy
6.3 Evidence from comparative embryology
6.4 Evidence from comparative morphology
6.5 Evidence from vestigial organs
6.6 Genetics
6.7 Evidence from Molecular Biology
6.8 Evidence from the Fossil Record
7.0 Divergence of the Human Clade from other Great Apes
8.0 Anatomical changes
8.1 Anatomy of bipedalism
8.2 Encephalization
8.3 Sexual dimorphism
8.4 Other changes
9.0 Genus Homo
10.0 Homo Sapiens Taxonomy
Learning from Darwin: What can the man who wrote The Origin of Species teach ...Roberto Rocco
‘On the Origin of Species’ was published on 24 November 1859. It is a work of scientific literature by Charles Darwin, and it is considered the foundation of evolutionary biology. In this text, we read the INTRODUCTION to The Origin of Species and highlight aspects of the text that are relevant for us to understand a scientific attitude and how to translate this attitude into text. This exercise is intended to Urbanism students who are unsure about the tone and the kind of language they met adopt in scientific reports. The text we are about to analyse was written in the second half of the 19th century, but it is still incredibly modern and actual. Read the text carefully and reflect on the comments. What can you incorporate into your essays and reports?
Human evolution is the evolutionary process leading up to the appearance of modern humans. It is the process by which human beings developed on Earth from now-extinct primates. It involves the lengthy process of change by which people originated from apelike ancestors. The study of human evolution involves many scientific disciplines, including physical anthropology, primatology, archaeology, ethology, evolutionary psychology, embryology and genetics. Scientific evidence shows that the physical and behavioural traits shared by all people originated from apelike ancestors and evolved over a period of approximately six million years.
TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Evolutionary Theory
3.0 Process of Evolution
4.0 History of Human Evolution
5.0 Paleoanthropology
6.0 Evidence of Evolution
6.1 Evidence from comparative physiology
6.2 Evidence from comparative anatomy
6.3 Evidence from comparative embryology
6.4 Evidence from comparative morphology
6.5 Evidence from vestigial organs
6.6 Genetics
6.7 Evidence from Molecular Biology
6.8 Evidence from the Fossil Record
7.0 Divergence of the Human Clade from other Great Apes
8.0 Anatomical changes
8.1 Anatomy of bipedalism
8.2 Encephalization
8.3 Sexual dimorphism
8.4 Other changes
9.0 Genus Homo
10.0 Homo Sapiens Taxonomy
Anthroplolgical concepts in clinical orthodontics/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Human evolution in relations to ape,
Scientific classification of humans,
The evolution of physical characteristics in humans,
Development of social traits in humans.
Evolution is a process that results in changes that are passed on or inherited from generation, which help organisms survive, reproduce, and raise offspring. These changes become common throughout a population, leading to new species.
Biological evolution explains how all living things evolved from a single common ancestor, but any two species may be separated by millions or billions of years.
This species was bipedal, fully erect, and capable of grasping tools and weapons with its forearms. These fossil specimens have a larger brain size of 600 cubic centimeters (37 cubic inches), as well as a jaw and tooth size more akin to modern humans.
-Fossil skulls contain tangible evidence of unequal brain development, which is mirrored in the way stone tools were formed.
-The earliest of our ancestors to show a significant increase in brain size and also the first to be found associated with stone tools
Anthroplolgical concepts in clinical orthodontics/ dental implant coursesIndian dental academy
Description :
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Human evolution in relations to ape,
Scientific classification of humans,
The evolution of physical characteristics in humans,
Development of social traits in humans.
Evolution is a process that results in changes that are passed on or inherited from generation, which help organisms survive, reproduce, and raise offspring. These changes become common throughout a population, leading to new species.
Biological evolution explains how all living things evolved from a single common ancestor, but any two species may be separated by millions or billions of years.
This species was bipedal, fully erect, and capable of grasping tools and weapons with its forearms. These fossil specimens have a larger brain size of 600 cubic centimeters (37 cubic inches), as well as a jaw and tooth size more akin to modern humans.
-Fossil skulls contain tangible evidence of unequal brain development, which is mirrored in the way stone tools were formed.
-The earliest of our ancestors to show a significant increase in brain size and also the first to be found associated with stone tools
https://userupload.net/69zxggv1yww1
The mouth and teeth play an important role in social interactions around the world. The way people deal with their teeth and mouth, however, is determined culturally. When oral healthcare projects are being carried out in developing countries, differing cultural worldviews can cause misunderstandings between oral healthcare providers and their patients. The oral healthcare volunteer often has to try to understand the local assumptions about teeth and oral hygiene first, before he or she can bring about a change of behaviour, increase therapy compliance and make the oral healthcare project sustainable. Anthropology can be helpful in this respect. In 2014, in a pilot project commissioned by the Dutch Dental Care Foundation, in which oral healthcare was provided in combination with anthropological research, an oral healthcare project in Kwale (Kenia) was evaluated. The study identified 6 primary themes that indicate the most important factors influencing the oral health of school children in Kwale. Research into the local culture by oral healthcare providers would appear to be an important prerequisite to meaningful work in developing countries.
Comparing Evolved Extractive Text Summary Scores of Bidirectional Encoder Rep...University of Maribor
Slides from:
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Track: Artificial Intelligence
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intellige...University of Maribor
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Remote Sensing and Computational, Evolutionary, Supercomputing, and Intelligent Systems.
11th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (IcETRAN), Niš, 3-6 June 2024
Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation
https://www.etran.rs/2024/en/home-english/
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
PRESENTATION ABOUT PRINCIPLE OF COSMATIC EVALUATION
Homo evolution
1. HOMO EVOLUTION
Author PPS : Adrian Toia
Music, texts and images : Internet
Main sources :
https://iho.asu.edu
http://futurehumanevolution.com
http://www.mysearch.org.uk
2.
3. Australopithecines
• First definite Hominids
• Genus of Hominids until C. 2 mill yrs. ago
• Somewhere b/t 3 and 4 mill. yrs ago.
• At Laetoli footprints found proving bipedal locomotion
• Although Bipedal, still may have spent time in trees for sleep and shelter
10. Australopithecus robustus
• Larger molars and premolars
• Smaller canines
• Well-developed cranial crests and ridges
• Much heavier
• Taller: 4.5-5 ft. tall
Australopithecus robustus
is not thought to be an ancestor to
the Homo species
Lived during same relative time
as Homo species
11. Now on to species of Homo
• Different ideas on how Homo genus evolved
• Some say from Africanus
• Some say from Afarensis
• About 2 millions years ago
12. Changes
• Expansion of brain
– Had relatively small cranial capacities
– Why would brain size have increased?
– Possible reasons: Increased as a result of tool making
• Reduction of face, teeth, and jaws
– Lower face not as protruding
– Reduction in size of
• Face
• Cheek bone
• Jaw
• Babies born less mature at birth
13. Homo habilis
• Larger brain absolutely and relatively than Australopithecus
• Found in East Africa
• Slightly Larger and more developed brain
•Stone tools?
14.
15.
16. Homo erectus
• Appear 1.6 to 1.3 millions years ago
• Skull generally long, low, and thickly walled
• Flat frontal face
• Prominent brow ridges
• Relatively small teeth modern arrangement
• Fully developed vision area of brain
• Larger areas of speech, sensory, memory and
motor areas of brain
• Neck down, almost same as Homo sapiens
• Homo erectus began to hunt medium sized
animals
26. How will people look in the future? All we can do is to imagine…
From the physical point of view, science and technology
will change the course of evolution.
The logic of natural selection no longer has a role
in the conditions of technological progress in modern society.
Theory 1 - Human evolution by natural selection stopped.
Anthropologist Ian Tattersall and Steve Jones, Professor of genetics,
thinks that natural selection is outdated
because due to medicine, even the most the weakest or ill
can survive and pass on their genes.
Theory 2 - the human Species will continue to evolve
In the conditions of accelerated technological progress will appear "artificial selection"
Geoffrey Miller thinks that both the artificial and biological selection
will continue to play an important role.
Theory 3 - Age of space colonization
When we colonize other planets, in a long period of time
different environmental conditions could change people faster.
Theory 4 - Human Species will reach immortality
Nick Bostrom believes that artificial non-natural selection
based on the changes such as cloning, genes modification,
robotics, artificial intelligence and nanotechnology,
will lead to Transhumanism and immortality
27. Human race will
split into two different species
Genetic elite and Rest
HUMANS FUTURE EVOLUTION HYPOTHESIS - the 'natural' route.
28. Today
What will humans look like in 100,000 years?
After 20,000 yearsAfter 60,000 yearsAfter 100,000 years
Heads are a bit bigger to accommodate larger brains
Heads are even larger, and the eyes have grown too.
This would be a result of human colonization of the solar system,
for people living farther away from the sun where there is less light.
29. HUMANS FUTURE EVOLUTION HYPOTHESIS - the ‘artificial' route
Homo Sapiens have now reached a position where
three significant developments
could radically change the evolutionary mechanisms.
First, he has learned the fundamental concepts of evolution
and thus can start using them, rather than being driven by them.
Secondly, he has become able to manipulate his own genome directly,
making Lamarckian evolution a possibility;
although in this case the inheritance would be of desired,
rather than acquired, characteristics.
Finally, and most significantly,
he has begun to create artificial life systems
that may eventually supplant the whole notion of carbon-based life.
Homo Sapiens is now able
the move from carbon to silicon life forms
and to take control of the speciation process.
32. It is certain that there will be strong reaction to tinkering with the human species.
Not everyone will welcome it, and many will dissociate themselves
from genetic manipulation or cybernetic technology.
These people will remain as conventional Homo Sapiens or Homo Ludditus
33. Even in 1995, people have developed
silicon chips to interface directly
with human nerve cells.
Various cybernetic prostheses
and other extensions to the body
are available or in development.
Homo Cyberneticus - a new species
1. Chips in brain
2. Ears (implants)
3. Eyes (implant of retina)
4. Artificial heart
5. Electrical Stimulation
6. Bionic joint
7. Bionic hand
8. Bionic leg
9. Bionic Pancreas
38. Homo Machinus
The many new species would not coexist easily with Homo Ludditus
A further branch of optimized biological man
with some cybernetic links can therefore be expected
We call this species Homo Hybridus.
39. Post Human
Humans and intelligent technology
are becoming increasingly intertwined.
Humans and machines will be effectively merged,
since differences in appearance will be meaningless.