This document discusses competence in professional ethics and case studies. It emphasizes developing ethical competence through understanding human values like trust, respect and cooperation. It discusses how professions can fulfill the comprehensive human goal by contributing to livelihoods and society. However, today many unethical practices exist due to a focus on profit maximization over service, which creates contradictions. The only resolution is developing right understanding and ethical competence through values education.

1. Competence in Professional Ethics & Holistic
Technologies, Production Systems and
Management Models - Typical Case Studies

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RECAP
• It is important to understand that the only effective way to ensure
professional ethics is through correct appraisal and systematic
development of ethical competence in the professional (the human
being).
• As the right understanding successively comes into our living through
self-exploration and practice, it manifests in terms of the following
competencies in the individual.

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Human Values = Participation, Role of a Human Being in Existence
In the Self
Happiness, Peace, Satisfaction, Bliss ----------------------------------------------- 4
Participation In Human-Human Relationship – Justice
Established values (sthapit mulya)/Expressed values (shisht mulya)
Trust/ Complimentariness, Respect/Compliance , Affection/ Commitment,
Care/Generosity , Guidance/ Spontaneity, Reverence/ Obedience,
Glory/Ease , Gratitude/Self-restraint , Love/Unanimity ------------------------ 18
Participation In Human-Rest of Nature Relationship
Utility, Artistic value ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
Participation In Universal Human Order
Perseverence (Dheerta), Bravery (Veerta), Generosity (Udarta),
Kindness (Daya), Beneficience (Kripa), Compassion (Karuna) --------------- 6
30

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Established , eternal values
(sthapit mulya)
Expressed, behavioral values
(sisht mulya)
Trust (vishwas) Complimentariness (sojanyata)
Respect (sammaan) Compliance (arahaysata)
Affection (sneh) Commitment (nishtha)
Care (mamta) Generosity (udarta)
Guidance (vatsalya) Spontaneity (sahajta)
Reverence (shraddha) Obidience (pujyata)
Glory (gaurav) Ease (saralta)
Gratitude (kratagyata) Self-restraint (somyata)
Love (prem) Unanimity (ananyata), kindness n;k ,
beneficience f—ik & compassion d#.kk

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Harmony in the Society
Human Target
Human Order
Five Dimensions
1. Education – Sanskar
2. Health – Sanyam
3. Production – Work
4. Justice – Suraksha
5. Exchange – Storage
1 2 3 4
Right Understanding
& Right Feelings
In Every Individual
Prosperity
In Every Family
Fearlessness
(Trust)
In Society
Co-Existence
In Nature/
Existence

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Harmony in the Society
Human Target
Human Order
Five Dimensions
1. Education – Sanskar
2. Health – Sanyam
3. Production – Work
4. Justice – Suraksha
5. Exchange – Storage
Right Understanding
& Right Feelings
In Every Individual
Prosperity
In Every Family
Fearlessness
(Trust)
In Society
Co-Existence
In Nature/
Existence
4
4
1
1
2
2
2 3
3
3
4
1 2 3 4

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Harmony in Society – Universal Human Order
Human Target
Five Dimensions of Human Order
1. Education – Sanskar
2. Health – Sanyam
3. Production – Work
4. Justice – Suraksha
5. Exchange – Storage
Ten Steps – From Family Order to World Family Order
Family – Family cluster – Village – Village cluster ... Nation ... World Family
~101 ~102 ~1010
Right Understanding
& Right Feelings
In Every Individual
Prosperity
In Every Family
Fearlessness
(Trust)
In Society
Co-Existence
In Nature/
Existence

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Profession
• 'Profession' is a significant domain of human activity targeted towards
participating in the larger order which includes the Society and nature
around.
• One important domain happens to be in the form of production and
production related activities. It also makes available the necessary
physical facilities (livelihood) for oneself and one's family.
• Through professional Education (like Engineering), one acquires the
specific skills and knowledge in order to make this contribution in the
larger order.

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Profession – in the Light of Comprehensive Human Goal
• Any Profession is a channel for participation by human beings in the
larger order to achieve comprehensive Human Goal.
• In this process, one is able to contribute towards the livelihood of
one's family and participate in the larger order (society and Nature).
• All these activities do require a certain degree of skill and are
expected to be performed in consonance with the comprehensive
Human Goal.
• The Profession is not only a means of earning one's livelihood but a
means of one's evolution by participation in larger order.
• Thus, Profession is a 'Service'.

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Competence in Professional Ethics
• 1. Clarity about the comprehensive human goal:
Samadhana-Samriddhi-Abhaya-Sah-astitva and its fulfilment
through universal human order from family to world family.
• 2. Confidence in oneself as well as confidence in the Harmony, co-
existence and self-regulation prevailing in entire existence based on
the Right Understanding of oneself and the rest of existence.
• 3. Competence of mutually fulfilling behaviour, clarity and
confidence in ethical human conduct and its correlation with
sustainable personal as well as collective Happiness and Prosperity.

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Competence in Professional Ethics
• 4. Competence of mutually enriching interation with Nature, ability
to assess the needs for physical facilities for the family and their
fulfilment through production systems ensuring harmony in the nature.
• 5. Competence of actualizing one's understanding in real life.

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Unethical Practices in the Profession at Present
• Corruption in multiple forms at various levels
• Tax evasion, misappropriation and misuse of public funds
• Misleading propaganda, unethical advertisements and sales
promotion
• Cut-throat competition
• Exploiting the weakness of consumers through various enticements
• Adulteration and spurious production

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Unethical Practices in the Profession at Present
• Endangering the health and safety of public at large.
• Hoarding and over-charging etc.
• Any other issues students want to share?

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Unethical Practices in the Profession at Present
• Why is all this happening?
• Who is contributing to the aggravation of this situation?
• What is its impact on our Happiness and Prosperity?
• Discussion….on these problems/issues through real life examples.
• What is the root cause of these Problems. Find out?

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Contradictions and Dilemmas
• In today's society, the present ethos guiding all our activities is
primarily profit-maximization; wealth maximization, comfort
maximization and all the systems and efforts are influenced by it.
• Examples….
• Monsoon failure….Profit-maximization by business man selling at
higher prices instead of lower prices.
• Pan Masala, Smoking….Glamorized advertisements showing one
side……..other side printing Warning: Injurious to Health.
• Medical Profession….Profit maximization during epidemic breakout
instead of doing service to people.

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• For each Profession the motivations of profit maximization eventually
lead to unethical practices.
• With all these unethical process a continuous contradiction persists in
the mind of such people as these unethical practices are not naturally
acceptable to anyone.
• They create tension and anxiety at the personal level and one is
tempted to adopt dual personality in terms of trying to appear to be
ethical and in reality act indifferently.

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Resolution
• The resolution of all these contradictions and dilemmas can only come
through Right Understanding.
• The crux of all this Discussion is that….sincere effort towards building
up the ethical competence of human beings in general and
professionals in particular through proper Value Education is the only
effective way to safeguard Professional Ethics.