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Hive at Last.fm
March 2010
What is Last.fm?
A music community website, powered by scrobbling
that provides personalised radio.

We aggregate scrobbles. A single scrobble is the
smallest unit of music attention data.

1 scrobble = (track, artist, timestamp).
In numbers
• 40 million users visit the site every month
• 39 billion scrobbles (600 per second)
• 400k personalised radio stations per day

enter hadoop...
Hadoop cluster

•   44 nodes
•   8 cores per node
•   16 gig ram per node
•   4x 1TB 7200rpm disks per node
Hadoop what is it good for?

•   Charts
•   Reporting
•   Corrections
•   Site stats / metrics
•   Neighbours
•   Recommendations
But wait, can you tell us about <stuff/>?

•   How many?
•   When?
•   Where?
•   Who?
•   Why? Why not?
Ad hoc questions

• We get them all the time.
• Questions are good things, but answers take up
  time.
• We would typically write programs once, run
  once.

  enter Hive...
What is Hive?
 "Hive is a data warehouse infrastructure built on
   top of Hadoop"

 You get an SQL-like language for queries.

 Start queries from a shell, file, jdbc, thrift.
Hive:
         SQL


        warehouse




                    Hadoop
Why we chose Hive?

• SQL familiarity suits non data engineers.
• It integrates well with existing data sets.
• It worked.
Johan set it up..
eg:   http://www.flickr.com/photos/lozzd/4203345000/
Example:

SELECT artistid, insertdate, count(1)
FROM scrobbles
WHERE (trackid = 10019 OR trackid = 368575614)
  AND insertdate >= '2009-12-01'
  AND insertdate <= '2009-12-31'
GROUP BY artistid, insertdate
ORDER BY artistid, insertdate;
Example:




    Users that
     scrobble
                 ?    Users that
                     use the radio
Example:

SELECT count(1) FROM scrobbles GROUP BY userid;

SELECT count(1) FROM radiologs GROUP BY userid;

SELECT count(1) FROM
  radiologs r JOIN scrobbles s
  ON r.userid = s.userid
GROUP BY r.userid;
Example:

 Consider a user's scrobbles and radio listens for just one track
             First scrobble!


 Scrobbles



 Radio




                                                          Time
Example:

SELECT r.userid, r.trackid, count(1)
FROM
 (
   SELECT userid, trackid, min(unixtime) as unixtime
   FROM scrobbles GROUP BY userid, trackid
 ) s
 JOIN
 radiologs r
 ON r.userid = s.userid AND r.trackid = r.trackid
WHERE s.unixtime < r.unixtime
GROUP BY r.userid, r.trackid
Other nice things about hive

• Joins are really really easy (most of the time).
Preparing a search index
      The crowd                        Labels
        cloud          scrobbles




          Charts       corrections   Catalogue




                          Hive


                          Solr

             artists     albums      tracks
Not so great

• No recordio.
• Really huge joins can cause out of memory
   exceptions.

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Hive at Last.fm

  • 2. What is Last.fm? A music community website, powered by scrobbling that provides personalised radio. We aggregate scrobbles. A single scrobble is the smallest unit of music attention data. 1 scrobble = (track, artist, timestamp).
  • 3. In numbers • 40 million users visit the site every month • 39 billion scrobbles (600 per second) • 400k personalised radio stations per day enter hadoop...
  • 4. Hadoop cluster • 44 nodes • 8 cores per node • 16 gig ram per node • 4x 1TB 7200rpm disks per node
  • 5. Hadoop what is it good for? • Charts • Reporting • Corrections • Site stats / metrics • Neighbours • Recommendations
  • 6. But wait, can you tell us about <stuff/>? • How many? • When? • Where? • Who? • Why? Why not?
  • 7. Ad hoc questions • We get them all the time. • Questions are good things, but answers take up time. • We would typically write programs once, run once. enter Hive...
  • 8. What is Hive? "Hive is a data warehouse infrastructure built on top of Hadoop" You get an SQL-like language for queries. Start queries from a shell, file, jdbc, thrift.
  • 9. Hive: SQL warehouse Hadoop
  • 10. Why we chose Hive? • SQL familiarity suits non data engineers. • It integrates well with existing data sets. • It worked.
  • 11. Johan set it up..
  • 12. eg: http://www.flickr.com/photos/lozzd/4203345000/
  • 13. Example: SELECT artistid, insertdate, count(1) FROM scrobbles WHERE (trackid = 10019 OR trackid = 368575614) AND insertdate >= '2009-12-01' AND insertdate <= '2009-12-31' GROUP BY artistid, insertdate ORDER BY artistid, insertdate;
  • 14. Example: Users that scrobble ? Users that use the radio
  • 15. Example: SELECT count(1) FROM scrobbles GROUP BY userid; SELECT count(1) FROM radiologs GROUP BY userid; SELECT count(1) FROM radiologs r JOIN scrobbles s ON r.userid = s.userid GROUP BY r.userid;
  • 16. Example: Consider a user's scrobbles and radio listens for just one track First scrobble! Scrobbles Radio Time
  • 17. Example: SELECT r.userid, r.trackid, count(1) FROM ( SELECT userid, trackid, min(unixtime) as unixtime FROM scrobbles GROUP BY userid, trackid ) s JOIN radiologs r ON r.userid = s.userid AND r.trackid = r.trackid WHERE s.unixtime < r.unixtime GROUP BY r.userid, r.trackid
  • 18. Other nice things about hive • Joins are really really easy (most of the time).
  • 19. Preparing a search index The crowd Labels cloud scrobbles Charts corrections Catalogue Hive Solr artists albums tracks
  • 20. Not so great • No recordio. • Really huge joins can cause out of memory exceptions.