HIV is a virus that causes AIDS by attacking immune cells. It is transmitted through bodily fluids and can be passed from mother to child. While there is no cure for HIV/AIDS, treatment can suppress the virus and prevent opportunistic infections. Preventive measures include using condoms, getting tested, and not sharing needles.
what you need to know about the liver ?
What is Hepatitis ?
Types of hepatitis
Hepatitis C virus
History & Statics
Causes
Prevention
Concequences
Symptoms
Analysis
Behaving with infected people
vaccine
Genotypes
Treatments
Management
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the bodyâs immune system, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases.
If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
There is currently no effective cure. Once people get HIV, they have it for life.
But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled. People with HIV who get effective HIV treatment can live long, healthy lives and protect their partners.
what you need to know about the liver ?
What is Hepatitis ?
Types of hepatitis
Hepatitis C virus
History & Statics
Causes
Prevention
Concequences
Symptoms
Analysis
Behaving with infected people
vaccine
Genotypes
Treatments
Management
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive.
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the bodyâs immune system, making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases.
If HIV is not treated, it can lead to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).
There is currently no effective cure. Once people get HIV, they have it for life.
But with proper medical care, HIV can be controlled. People with HIV who get effective HIV treatment can live long, healthy lives and protect their partners.
Running head RESEARCH PAPER1RESEARCH PAPER.docxtodd521
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Running head: RESEARCH PAPER
1
RESEARCH PAPER
1
Research Paper on HIV and AIDS
Kimberly H. Morgan
EDRC-533: Medical and Psychosocial Aspects
Dr. Michelle L. Priester
April 30, 2018
HIV/AIDS
Abstract
HIV is a virus that causes AIDS. The term in full stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This virus has led to massive deaths globally with many more people being infected as well as being affected by the effects of the virus. In this paper, we shall describe the virus in depth, showing how it gets into a person's body, its causes and symptoms. We shall also discuss its prevalence and how it has affected people's lives. Most importantly, we shall discuss how a person can be treated after being infected with the virus. Finally, we shall study various preventative measures that can be used against the virus.
HIV Definition
The term HIV means Human Immunodeficiency Virus. This is a virus that makes the immune system of a person weak through destruction of vital cells that fight infection and diseases. To date, there is no existence of a cure in the United States nor in other parts of the world. Nevertheless, it is easy to prevent HIV infection through varying control measures. . Depending on different factors, some people are more prone to getting infected than others. Such factors include risky sexual behaviors, sex partners and environment (CDC, 2018).HIV is to a large extent spread through unsafe sex, blood contamination, needles, breastfeeding, and delivery and from a mother to her child during pregnancy.
AIDS Definition
Unlike HIV that is a virus, AIDS is a full-blown disease caused by HIV virus. Once a person's immune system becomes extremely weak, then he\she is said to have AIDS. At this moment, a person's immune system is not able to fight diseases or infection. There are certain illnesses and symptoms that develop as a result of a person contracting AIDS. This can also be described as the last HIV stage since at this moment the infection is highly advanced. If the symptoms of this disease are not controlled or treated, a person ends up losing life (Avert, 2017).
How a Person Get Infected with HIV and HIV Life-cycle
HIV attacks T- helper cells which are also known as CD4 cells. This are some forms of white cells. A person is able to have a strong immune system through CD4 cells being healthy because it's the only way they can be able to fight infections and diseases. It is not possible for HIV to reproduce or grow without being in T-helper cells. HIV makes many copies or reproduces while inside these cells. As a result of the reproduction, the immune system gets damaged which causes it to weak a person's natural immune system. The overall health of a person is the main determinant of how the HIV virus grows. Other determinants of HIV growth is how constant a person takes treatment and how early a person gets diagonalzed. If the antiretroviral treatment is taken correctly, then the immune system remains healthy hence pr.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
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RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1Âą1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years â 64.8%, 20 years â 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6Âą1525.6 days), 148 LCP â more than 10 years (LS=5054.4Âą1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7Âą374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0âN12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0âN12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Report Back from SGO 2024: Whatâs the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
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Are you curious about whatâs new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Womenâs Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganongâs Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
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i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowmanâs Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Maxilla, Mandible & Hyoid Bone & Clinical Correlations by Dr. RIG.pptx
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Hiv
1. Introduction
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) is the virus that causes AIDS. This virus is
passed from one person to another through blood-to-blood and sexual contact. In
addition, infected pregnant women can pass HIV to their baby during pregnancy or
delivery, as well as through breast-feeding. People with HIV have what is called HIV
infection. Most of these people will develop AIDS as a result of their HIV infection.
An INFECTION with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that ultimately results
in the illness acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Though new HIV/AIDS
infections are on the decline in the United States and other industrialized nations,
HIV/AIDS remains endemic on the African continent.HIV/AIDS spreads through
contact with body fluids such as occurs with sexual contact (vaginal intercourse, anal
intercourse, and oral sex) or through shared needles among intravenous DRUG
users. Though previously infection through transfused BLOOD or blood products
was a key means of infection, screening for HIV antibodies in donated blood supplies
has significantly reduced this risk and infection through blood products is now
uncommon.Though there are numerous treatments for HIV/AIDS, there is no cure.
HIV, the infection, nearly always progresses to AIDS, the illness, over the course of 5
to 20 years. Aggressive treatment can further manage the symptoms and
complications of AIDS for years to sometimes decades. However, AIDS is ultimately
fatal. AIDS does not itself cause death but instead so extensively damages the
IMMUNE SYSTEM, the infectionâs target, that the body cannot protect itself from
infections or conditions such as cancer, which become the causes of death.
Causes of HIV and AIDS
The virus can be found in the blood, semen, vaginal fluid, and breast milk of infected
people. HIV is also found in saliva, sweat, and tears, though not in high enough
amounts to transmit the virus to another person. There are no known cases of
2. anyone catching HIV through sneezing, shaking hands, or from toilet seats or
mosquito bites. The two most common ways to be infected with HIV in North
America are through unprotected sex and sharing needles. HIV may be transmitted
through unprotected heterosexual or homosexual, vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
Although the risk of infection is lower with oral sex, it is still important to use
protection during oral sex, such as a dental dam (a piece of latex to cover the vagina
during oral sex) or a condom. HIV can also be passed on through perinatal infection,
where mothers who have HIV are at risk of giving the disease to the baby during
birth. The risk of perinatal infection is declining with new treatments. Breast-feeding
by an infected mother can also transmit HIV. Once HIV enters the bloodstream, it
takes over cells vital to the immune response, known as CD4+ lymphocytes. The
virus then inserts its own genes into the cell, turning it into a miniature factory that
produces more copies of the virus. Slowly, the amount of virus in the blood goes up
and the number of healthy CD4+ cells goes down. The destruction of CD4+ cells
interferes with the body's ability to fight off infections and other diseases.
Symptoms of HIV and AIDS
Symptoms of HIV infection appear 2 to 12 weeks after exposure. At this point the
virus begins rapidly taking over immune cells in the blood. The symptoms of this
phase are flu-like and include:
â˘diarrhea
â˘fatigue or weakness
â˘fever
â˘headache
â˘joint pain
â˘night sweats
â˘rash
â˘swollen glands
â˘weight loss
3. â˘yeast infections (of the mouth or vagina) that last a long time or occur frequently.
When the symptoms begin to appear, the person with HIV is very infectious. The
symptoms usually go away within a week to a month, and the person will feel fine
again. However, the symptoms may return from time to time. The symptoms of HIV
are similar to symptoms of other diseases. The only way to know for sure whether
you are HIV-positive is to be tested. After infection with HIV, it can take 3 months for
antibodies to the virus to be detectable in the blood. On average, it takes about 22
days to develop antibodies. This is called seroconversion. After seroconversion
occurs, the virus can be detected using a blood test. After the initial symptoms go
away, the body's immune system tries to control the virus. The immune system can
keep the virus at bay for a while, but it can't completely get rid of it. Many people will
feel fine for years before their immune system weakens and they develop AIDS.
Without treatment, about half of HIV-positive people develop AIDS within 10 years of
infection. Some people develop AIDS within a few years of infection. A few, called
long-term non-progresses, do not develop AIDS until much later. Many factors affect
the timeframe to develop AIDS, including medications and the person's general
health and lifestyle.
AIDS is a term applied to advanced HIV disease. AIDS is defined as having HIV and
an opportunistic infection (an infection by a microorganism that ordinarily does not
cause disease unless the immune system is weakened) normally associated with
AIDS. These infections can be bacterial, fungal, viral, or parasitic. Examples of
opportunistic infections include toxoplasmosis, pneumocystis pneumonia,
Cryptococci meningitis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML),
cryptosporidium, cytomegalovirus, and Mycobacterium valium complex (MAC). With
the use of better medications to treat HIV, the risk of opportunistic infections has
dropped over the years; however, people with AIDS will usually need to take
medications (such as antibiotics) to prevent opportunistic infections. People who
have AIDS are also more likely to develop cancer, especially cancers of the immune
system (lymphomas). Another cancer common for people with AIDS is Kaposi's
sarcoma, a type of cancer that causes bluish red nodules on the legs and that
spreads to the lymph system. Women with AIDS are prone to developing cancers of
the cervix. Gay men with HIV have higher rates of infection by HPV, a virus linked to
anal cancer, and precancerous HPV strains. Children with AIDS tend to get common
4. childhood infections like conjunctivitis, otitis media, and tonsillitis, but they
experience symptoms much worse than the infection usually causes. Excessive
weight loss or "wasting syndrome" is a problem for approximately 20% of people
who have HIV infection. It is associated with an unexplained loss of 10% or more of
normal body weight, plus chronic diarrhea (30 days or more) or chronic weakness
with fever (30 days or more). Most people with AIDS die from the diseases that AIDS
makes them more susceptible to. The virus occasionally infects the brain, causing
dementia that gets worse over time.
Diagnosing HIV/AIDS
If you think you may be infected with HIV, the only way to know for sure is to be
tested. Testing is voluntary and can be anonymous. Your results will remain
confidential. You can be tested at your physician's office or at a sexual health clinic,
many of which are run by local public health units. HIV testing can involve two types
of tests: a preliminary test that detects HIV antibodies and a final confirmatory test. If
the rapid test, which requires a finger prick of blood, is reactive to HIV, a second
laboratory-based test is required to determine whether someone is HIV positive.
However, if the rapid test is negative, then no further testing is required. If HIV
infection is confirmed, your doctor will discuss treatment options as well as support
groups and other services to help you cope. You should inform your sexual partners
(past, current, and future) to protect them from developing HIV or help them get
treatment if they have been infected. The laws about whether partners must be
informed vary from province to province, but most provinces have developed
services for notifying partners. Your doctor or provincial ministry of health may be
able to help your partners get testing and treatment if needed.
Treating and Preventing HIV/AIDS
HIV is usually treated with HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy), a potent
combination of anti-HIV medications. HAART will not cure HIV, but it can reduce the
amount of virus in the blood, improve the immune system, and slow the progression
of the disease. At least three medications are used together. Using multiple
medications that work in different ways helps prevent the virus from becoming
resistant to the treatment. The risk of resistance increases when fewer medications
are used, when too low a dose is taken, or when a medication is stopped, even if this
5. only happens for a short period of time. It is very important to take HIV medications
exactly as prescribed. If you miss a dose, take less medication than you need, or
take doses at the wrong time, the medication will not work as well. Timing the
medications around your meals and daily routine can be difficult. Your doctor or
pharmacist can help you fit the medications into your day. They may also
recommend that you use a beeper or a special medication container to keep track of
doses. Once people develop AIDS, they usually take a range of antibiotic, antiviral,
and antifungal medications that other people only take for a short time while they are
sick. These medications help fight off opportunistic infections. People with "wasting
syndrome" may be offered various treatments according to the cause of significant
weight loss. Agents such as growth hormone, anabolic steroids, and appetite
stimulants are examples of medications that have been used to treat this condition.
There is a great deal of research on new treatments for HIV. Treatment information
changes quickly. To keep up-to-date, talk to your doctor or pharmacist. You can also
contact CATIE (the Canadian AIDS Treatment Information Exchange) for free,
current, and confidential treatment information. You can reach CATIE by phone (1-
800-263-1638) or on the Internet (www.catie.ca). You can also check with your
provincial Ministry of Health for information on provincial and local programs. Anyone
can become infected with HIV. Fortunately, it can be prevented. The main ways to
prevent HIV infection are:
â˘using condoms during sex (including vaginal, oral, and anal sex)
â˘having fewer sexual partners
â˘not sharing needles or other equipment to take illicit drugs
Unless you are in a mutually monogamous relationship (neither of you is having sex
with anyone else), and you are sure neither of you is HIV-positive, make sure to use
a condom every time you have sex. In some cases, couples where one partner is
infected may decide to risk infection of the other partner, especially if they are trying
to get pregnant. If this is the case, talk to your doctor. Your choice of sexual partner
is also important, since condoms do sometimes break or leak. You may know that
you practice safe sex and that you haven't used dirty needles, but you must also
know that your sexual partners and all their other partners do the same. Sharing
needles is very dangerous - it carries a high risk of getting HIV. People with other
6. sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as herpes are much more likely to
contract HIV during sex, probably because of tiny breaks in their skin or vaginal
lining. Keeping free of other STIs will help reduce your risk of HIV infection, but this
alone will not protect you from infection. That's why it is important to use condoms. If
you have HIV and become pregnant, tell your doctor. The risk of infecting an infant
during birth has been reduced dramatically through the use of medication and
caesarean section when appropriate.
7. SURVIVORS
Bradford McIntyre - HIV/AIDS Survivor
- Living with HIV since 1984.
"Today AIDS kills millions of people around the world but medical science has
HIV_Survivor_1.wmv learned how to keep the disease at bay and is getting closer to a cure. 20
(~17.8MB) years ago, however, an HIV diagnosis was like a death sentence!"
Colleen Walsh, :Host/ Interviewer: Body and Health
"I don't need to show up for my fear. I need to Show Up for LIFE!" Bradford
McIntyre
Body + Health - canada.com network Global TV-Canada Broadcast Date:
First Aired - November 22, 2004
8. Positively Positive
Designed to create Awareness around the many HIV
and AIDS issues and promotes messages of positive
living with HIV.
"A Celebration of Life"
"Everything you teach you are learning. Teach only love,
and learn that love is yours and you are love."
- A Course in Miracles
Positively_Positive_Video.wmv
"I would like to thank everyone who has contributed to
my Wellness, and what is NOW my life!"
Bradford McIntyre
Dedicated to all those we love that have died of AIDS.
Positively_Positive_Video.wmv Love is the Way!