This presentation takes the ideas of others and revisions them in terms of five major models of chaplaincy (although others are mentioned), based on five major Biblical roles-- Apostle, Deacon, Pastor, Prophet, and Priest.
THIS SLIDE IS DESIGNED TO HELP TEACH/RESEARCH ON THE SUBJECT" PASTORAL CARE" AND "COUNSELLING". DO YOU WANT TO LEARN THE SKILL ON COUNSELLING THIS SLIDE WILL GIVE YOU A HELPING HAND AS YOU DO MORE RESEARCH
Look at different models of christian counseling, pastoral care, and coaching... with special attention to the perspectives regarding goal (repair versus growth) and relationship between theology and psychology.
A very introductory look at Christian Counseling as a pastoral care discipline, with some general principles that are good for the potential counselor to embrace, or at least reflect on, to be effective in counseling.
Looks at different ways of looking at Pastoral Counseling in terms of such things a coaching, discipleship, mentoring, spiritual direction, and historical and clinical pastoral care.
A modified version of Paul Pruysers 7 benchmarks for pastoral diagnosis. Provides guidelines for pastoral care, either for single visit or longer term process.
This presentation takes the ideas of others and revisions them in terms of five major models of chaplaincy (although others are mentioned), based on five major Biblical roles-- Apostle, Deacon, Pastor, Prophet, and Priest.
THIS SLIDE IS DESIGNED TO HELP TEACH/RESEARCH ON THE SUBJECT" PASTORAL CARE" AND "COUNSELLING". DO YOU WANT TO LEARN THE SKILL ON COUNSELLING THIS SLIDE WILL GIVE YOU A HELPING HAND AS YOU DO MORE RESEARCH
Look at different models of christian counseling, pastoral care, and coaching... with special attention to the perspectives regarding goal (repair versus growth) and relationship between theology and psychology.
A very introductory look at Christian Counseling as a pastoral care discipline, with some general principles that are good for the potential counselor to embrace, or at least reflect on, to be effective in counseling.
Looks at different ways of looking at Pastoral Counseling in terms of such things a coaching, discipleship, mentoring, spiritual direction, and historical and clinical pastoral care.
A modified version of Paul Pruysers 7 benchmarks for pastoral diagnosis. Provides guidelines for pastoral care, either for single visit or longer term process.
Broad based training for church counsellors. Defines Christian Counselling and task of Counsellors. Effective training for Deacons, Christian educators and lay ministers.
Some of the values of taking Clinical Pastoral Education. The focus is on our CPSP and CPSP-Philippines certified CPE program at Bukal LIfe Care, but most of the reasons apply to CPE programs all over the world.
Reviews some basic principles of pastoral caounseling in terms of intracultural and intercultural counseling. This is tied into principles of cultural anthropology and interreligious dialogue.
History and Foundations of Pastoral CareRobert Munson
I high-end overview of Pastoral Care, from the Biblical metaphor of the shepherd, to Historical Pastoral Care to Clinical Pastoral Care. Also considers other issues such as various views on how theology and psychology relate in a pastoral care/counseling ministry.
An overview of a number of methods for theological reflection-- especially in bringing together Scripture and faith tradition with personal experience. Much draws from Judith Thompson's book, "SCM Guidebook to Theological Reflection" by Judith Thompson (2016).
A look at the topic of Grief and Loss and how one can minister to those in the grieving process. While it is somewhat broad-based, most of the presentation is for a Christian ministry to those who have recently lossed a loved one.
EVANGELISM 101: Lesson 1 - Biblical Foundations of EvangelismFrancis Hernandez
For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.” How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” (Romans 10:13-15)
"It (Evangelism) comes from the same Greek word for gospel (euangelion) and means, literally, “gospeling.” When we evangelize we are “gospeling” — we are spreading the Gospel of Jesus Christ." - https://www.ligonier.org/learn/devotionals/what-evangelism/
Every Christian is called to do the divine task of evangelism. Evangelism is a task not just for the select churches, or for the evangelists or pastors. This is Lesson 1 of EVANGELISM 101 Series. Given last April 23, 2021 at HOPE Christian Fellowship in Guinobatan, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines by Ptr. Francis S. Hernandez.
Watch the Tagalog Version of this Lesson: Soon!
Download the PowerPoint Document for this lesson: https://1drv.ms/p/s!AtkA--J-cWQ_g60AgxIUCEAbFVVSRg?e=2sRaPB
PowerPoint Document also available in SlideShare:
Download Free End Times Lessons, Tagalog Sermons and other Resources for Filipino Preachers/Churches: https://endtimesbibleprophecy.cf/
End Times Bible Prophecy Blog: https://endtimesbibleprophecy908059317.wordpress.com/
The Author's Blog: https://ifacedownworship.wordpress.com/
Email the Author: ifacedownworship@gmail.com
Broad based training for church counsellors. Defines Christian Counselling and task of Counsellors. Effective training for Deacons, Christian educators and lay ministers.
Some of the values of taking Clinical Pastoral Education. The focus is on our CPSP and CPSP-Philippines certified CPE program at Bukal LIfe Care, but most of the reasons apply to CPE programs all over the world.
Reviews some basic principles of pastoral caounseling in terms of intracultural and intercultural counseling. This is tied into principles of cultural anthropology and interreligious dialogue.
History and Foundations of Pastoral CareRobert Munson
I high-end overview of Pastoral Care, from the Biblical metaphor of the shepherd, to Historical Pastoral Care to Clinical Pastoral Care. Also considers other issues such as various views on how theology and psychology relate in a pastoral care/counseling ministry.
An overview of a number of methods for theological reflection-- especially in bringing together Scripture and faith tradition with personal experience. Much draws from Judith Thompson's book, "SCM Guidebook to Theological Reflection" by Judith Thompson (2016).
A look at the topic of Grief and Loss and how one can minister to those in the grieving process. While it is somewhat broad-based, most of the presentation is for a Christian ministry to those who have recently lossed a loved one.
EVANGELISM 101: Lesson 1 - Biblical Foundations of EvangelismFrancis Hernandez
For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.” How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” (Romans 10:13-15)
"It (Evangelism) comes from the same Greek word for gospel (euangelion) and means, literally, “gospeling.” When we evangelize we are “gospeling” — we are spreading the Gospel of Jesus Christ." - https://www.ligonier.org/learn/devotionals/what-evangelism/
Every Christian is called to do the divine task of evangelism. Evangelism is a task not just for the select churches, or for the evangelists or pastors. This is Lesson 1 of EVANGELISM 101 Series. Given last April 23, 2021 at HOPE Christian Fellowship in Guinobatan, Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines by Ptr. Francis S. Hernandez.
Watch the Tagalog Version of this Lesson: Soon!
Download the PowerPoint Document for this lesson: https://1drv.ms/p/s!AtkA--J-cWQ_g60AgxIUCEAbFVVSRg?e=2sRaPB
PowerPoint Document also available in SlideShare:
Download Free End Times Lessons, Tagalog Sermons and other Resources for Filipino Preachers/Churches: https://endtimesbibleprophecy.cf/
End Times Bible Prophecy Blog: https://endtimesbibleprophecy908059317.wordpress.com/
The Author's Blog: https://ifacedownworship.wordpress.com/
Email the Author: ifacedownworship@gmail.com
Objectives
1. To clarify the differences and similarities between Religion, Spirituality, and Faith
2. To focus on the interactive process among physical, mental, and relational health
3. To offer some thoughts about clinical care that is grounded in an understanding of the relationship between Spirituality/Religion/Faith and Health
CHAPTER 25 Faith and PrayerPrayer indeed is good, but while c.docxketurahhazelhurst
CHAPTER 25 Faith and Prayer
Prayer indeed is good, but while calling on the gods a man should himself lend a hand. Hippocrates
"You’re being religious when you believe in Jesus or Buddha or any other truly holy being, but wow, you’re being spiritual when you become the loving compassionate, caring being they all inspire you to be."
by Robert Thurman.
Health care sciences have begun to demonstrate that spirituality, faith, and religious commitment may play a role in promoting health and reducing illness. Nurse clinicians and researchers, as well as others, are becoming more interested in the connection between religious faith and survival. Increasingly, people are beginning to recognize that faith is good medicine. Spirituality is that part of individuals that deals with relationships and values and addresses questions of purpose and meaning in life. Spirituality unites people and is inclusive in nature, not exclusive. It is not loyal to one group, continent, or religion. Although spirituality is not a religion, being involved in a particular religion is a way some people enhance their spirituality. Yet, people can be very spiritual and not religious. Spirituality involves individuals, family, friends, and community. Individual aspects are the development of moral values and beliefs about the meaning and purpose of life and death. The development of spirituality pro- vides a grounding sense of identity and contributes to self-esteem. Spiritual aspects relating to family and friends include the search for meaning through relationships and the feeling of being connected with others and with an external power, often identified as God or a Supreme Being. Community aspects of spirituality can be under- stood as a common humanity and a belief in the fundamental sacredness and unity of all life. It is that which motivates people toward truth and a sense of fairness and justice toward all members of society. Spiritual health is expressed through humor, com- passion, faith, forgiveness, courage, and creativity. Spirituality enables people to develop healthy relationships based on acceptance, respect, and compassion.
Religion can be described in a number of ways. The definition chosen for this text is one developed by Mickley, Carson, and Soeken (1995), three nursing researchers. They believe that religion develops and changes over time and is composed of people’s beliefs, attitudes, and patterns of behavior that relate to the supernatural God, the Divine One, the Great Spirit, Creator, and so forth. Religion usually includes a group of people who hold similar beliefs, have sacred texts, share religious symbols, and participate in shared traditions or rituals. Many people may say they are spiritual but not religious, while most religious people also identify themselves as spiritual (Carson & Koenig, 2008; Young & Koopsen, 2011).
Faith refers to one’s beliefs and expectations about life, oneself, and others. In a religious context, faith refers ...
Muhammad Saud KharalPhD in Social Science, Department of Sociology Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya Indonesia.
Email: muhhammad.saud@gmail.com
Medical Missions 3: Changing Priorities in HistoryRobert Munson
This article looks at change of priorities and practices in mission work based on the range of valid mission practices and changes in the human condition in time. This article seeks to show that development of missions priorities and practices is a creative process, rather than discovery of “one true method.” Medical missions is used as an example case to demonstrate that there are many forms of ministries that may be valid, and many changes in the human condition over time that effects proper prioritization and best practices.
Similar to History and Foundations of Pastoral Care (19)
THE RELEVANCE OF SPIRITUAL GROWTH GROUP DYNAMICS IN SPIRITUAL FORMATION OF GR...Celia Munson, BCCC
Small groups are diverse in the way they are done. Spiritual growth group dynamics is well matched with developing and challenging growing believers for genuine spiritual formation and transformation, leading to Christ- likeness. Effective use of spiritual growth group dynamics is a useful aid in developing mature believers who can effectively interact within the larger Christian community. Considering the problem that the church has had with spiritual formation of adults, groups utilizing the structure of growth groups and focus on spirituality should be a key part of the answer.
Looks at the near-universal phenomenon of "burnout" and focuses specifically as it applies to Christian ministry, as well as addressing this issue holistically.
Self-Care: Belongingness, Boundaries and Healthy Relationships in Pastoral ...Celia Munson, BCCC
This presentation is primarily for pastoral care or clinical chaplaincy trainees in terms of self-care. This is based on the hopefully self-evident point that caregivers need to be holistically healthy to be able to help others.
Brief intro to the Bukal Life Care & Counseling Center, Baguio City, Philippines (and its partner, CPSP-Philippines). Seeking to provide holistic training and pastoral care/chaplaincy services.
A375 Example Taste the taste of the Lord, the taste of the Lord The taste of...franktsao4
It seems that current missionary work requires spending a lot of money, preparing a lot of materials, and traveling to far away places, so that it feels like missionary work. But what was the result they brought back? It's just a lot of photos of activities, fun eating, drinking and some playing games. And then we have to do the same thing next year, never ending. The church once mentioned that a certain missionary would go to the field where she used to work before the end of his life. It seemed that if she had not gone, no one would be willing to go. The reason why these missionary work is so difficult is that no one obeys God’s words, and the Bible is not the main content during missionary work, because in the eyes of those who do not obey God’s words, the Bible is just words and cannot be connected with life, so Reading out God's words is boring because it doesn't have any life experience, so it cannot be connected with human life. I will give a few examples in the hope that this situation can be changed. A375
The Hope of Salvation - Jude 1:24-25 - MessageCole Hartman
Jude gives us hope at the end of a dark letter. In a dark world like today, we need the light of Christ to shine brighter and brighter. Jude shows us where to fix our focus so we can be filled with God's goodness and glory. Join us to explore this incredible passage.
In Jude 17-23 Jude shifts from piling up examples of false teachers from the Old Testament to a series of practical exhortations that flow from apostolic instruction. He preserves for us what may well have been part of the apostolic catechism for the first generation of Christ-followers. In these instructions Jude exhorts the believer to deal with 3 different groups of people: scoffers who are "devoid of the Spirit", believers who have come under the influence of scoffers and believers who are so entrenched in false teaching that they need rescue and pose some real spiritual risk for the rescuer. In all of this Jude emphasizes Jesus' call to rescue straying sheep, leaving the 99 safely behind and pursuing the 1.
Discover various methods for clearing negative entities from your space and spirit, including energy clearing techniques, spiritual rituals, and professional assistance. Gain practical knowledge on how to implement these techniques to restore peace and harmony. For more information visit here: https://www.reikihealingdistance.com/negative-entity-removal/
Why is this So? ~ Do Seek to KNOW (English & Chinese).pptxOH TEIK BIN
A PowerPoint Presentation based on the Dhamma teaching of Kamma-Vipaka (Intentional Actions-Ripening Effects).
A Presentation for developing morality, concentration and wisdom and to spur us to practice the Dhamma diligently.
The texts are in English and Chinese.
2 Peter 3: Because some scriptures are hard to understand and some will force them to say things God never intended, Peter warns us to take care.
https://youtu.be/nV4kGHFsEHw
Exploring the Mindfulness Understanding Its Benefits.pptxMartaLoveguard
Slide 1: Title: Exploring the Mindfulness: Understanding Its Benefits
Slide 2: Introduction to Mindfulness
Mindfulness, defined as the conscious, non-judgmental observation of the present moment, has deep roots in Buddhist meditation practice but has gained significant popularity in the Western world in recent years. In today's society, filled with distractions and constant stimuli, mindfulness offers a valuable tool for regaining inner peace and reconnecting with our true selves. By cultivating mindfulness, we can develop a heightened awareness of our thoughts, feelings, and surroundings, leading to a greater sense of clarity and presence in our daily lives.
Slide 3: Benefits of Mindfulness for Mental Well-being
Practicing mindfulness can help reduce stress and anxiety levels, improving overall quality of life.
Mindfulness increases awareness of our emotions and teaches us to manage them better, leading to improved mood.
Regular mindfulness practice can improve our ability to concentrate and focus our attention on the present moment.
Slide 4: Benefits of Mindfulness for Physical Health
Research has shown that practicing mindfulness can contribute to lowering blood pressure, which is beneficial for heart health.
Regular meditation and mindfulness practice can strengthen the immune system, aiding the body in fighting infections.
Mindfulness may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity by reducing stress and improving overall lifestyle habits.
Slide 5: Impact of Mindfulness on Relationships
Mindfulness can help us better understand others and improve communication, leading to healthier relationships.
By focusing on the present moment and being fully attentive, mindfulness helps build stronger and more authentic connections with others.
Mindfulness teaches us how to be present for others in difficult times, leading to increased compassion and understanding.
Slide 6: Mindfulness Techniques and Practices
Focusing on the breath and mindful breathing can be a simple way to enter a state of mindfulness.
Body scan meditation involves focusing on different parts of the body, paying attention to any sensations and feelings.
Practicing mindful walking and eating involves consciously focusing on each step or bite, with full attention to sensory experiences.
Slide 7: Incorporating Mindfulness into Daily Life
You can practice mindfulness in everyday activities such as washing dishes or taking a walk in the park.
Adding mindfulness practice to daily routines can help increase awareness and presence.
Mindfulness helps us become more aware of our needs and better manage our time, leading to balance and harmony in life.
Slide 8: Summary: Embracing Mindfulness for Full Living
Mindfulness can bring numerous benefits for physical and mental health.
Regular mindfulness practice can help achieve a fuller and more satisfying life.
Mindfulness has the power to change our perspective and way of perceiving the world, leading to deeper se
1. History and Foundations
of Pastoral Care
Historical Pastoral Care
Clinical Pastoral Care
Pastoral Care and Counseling Today
By Robert H. Munson, ThD
Celia P. Munson, BCCC (CPSP)
Bukal Life Care, 2017
2. What is Pastoral Care?
Etymology and Definition of Pastoral Care
– Pastor: A Latin word meaning “shepherd”
• Related to pastus meaning “feeding”
• A shepherd sees to the feeding, well being, and
growth of the flock
– Care
• watchful attention; supervision
• show concern for
– Pastoral Care: To be concerned for and give
watchful attention (feeding, well being, and
growth) for the “flock.”
– Came to mean “cure of souls”
3. Who is the “Flock” for the shepherd?
• Church members only?
• Those closely associated with the
church?
• Community/Parish?
<Reflect on John 10:16>
• People who do not recognize us as a
“shepherd”?
4. Who is the “Flock” for the shepherd?
For Chaplains, the flock most certainly
may include people of other
denominations, religions and ideologies.
In hospitals, the flock can be patients
(with family and friends) and staff.
In jails, the flock can be inmates (with
families and friends) and staff.
In military, the flock may include officers,
enlisted, civilian workers, and families.
5. Reflections on Pastoral Care in
Terms of Shepherding
Ezekiel 34
-Directs and gathers
together
-Provides healing and
safety
-Gives justice (liberation?)
Psalm 23
-Takes care of Needs
-Guides the way... safe
and right way
-Restores and strengthens
-Protects from dangers
John 10
-Cares for
-Protects
-Sacrifices for
Luke 4
-Give words of comfort to
the suffering
-Proclaim freedom
-Provide healing
6. How is Chaplaincy Different from
Pastoral Care?
“The term Chaplain refers to a clergyperson or
layperson who has been commissioned by a
faith group or an organization to provide pastoral
services in an institution, organization or
government entity.
Chaplaincy refers to the general activity performed
by a chaplain, which may include crisis ministry,
counseling, sacraments, worship, education,
help in ethical decision-making, staff support,
clergy contact and community or church
coordination.”
7. How is Chaplaincy Different from
Pastoral Care?
“ Although many faith groups and institutions
use "pastoral care" synonymously with
"chaplaincy services," some prefer to use
"pastoral care to refer to any services
performed by either ordained or non-
ordained persons, but reserve "chaplaincy
services" for activities performed by ordained
ministers, priests or rabbis.”
- The Dictionary of Pastoral Care and Counseling: Rodney J.
Hunter, Ed., Abingdon Press, Nashville, TN.
8. Chaplain
The term comes from “Middle English:
from Old French chapelain, from
medieval Latin cappellanus, originally
denoting a custodian of the cloak of St.
Martin, from cappella, originally ‘little
cloak’”
9. Chaplain
St. Martin of Tours. Military Man. Born 335.
“Martin and his friends were entering the city of
Amiens when an almost naked and shivering
beggar asked them for alms. Martin had no
money for him, but he took off his cape, cut it in
two, and gave half to the beggar. According to
the story, later in his dreams Martin saw Jesus
coming to him, wrapped in half a soldier’s cape,
and saying: “Inasmuch as you did it to one of
the least of these my brethren, you did it to
me.”
10. Historical Pastoral Care
Key figure: Pope Gregory the Great. Wrote “Pastoral
Care,” a book that has been used for centuries.
Four assumptions: (reference Oden)
#1. Each case requires variable responses.
Each person is unique. Each situation is unique.
Therefore each symptom can have different
causes, and need different responses.
“One-size” answers do not fit all people.
11. Historical Pastoral Care
#2 The display of an outstanding virtue may conceal
a corresponding vice to which the pastoral
counselor must attend.
12. Historical Pastoral Care
#3 The pastor's care mirrors Christ's care for us.
When in doubt as to what we should do as
caregivers, the old line from the book “In His
Steps” (Charles Sheldon, 1896) does have value:
“What Would Jesus Do?”
13. Historical Pastoral Care
#4. Authority in ministry is paradoxically validated
only through humble service following the example
of Jesus Christ.
One of the key aspects of following the example of
Christ is the role as a humble servant. Our
influence as care providers may be tied somewhat
to POSITION. Such position may be tied to
ordination, certification, and role in an organization.
However, as John Maxwell has noted, Position is the
lowest level of influence in the lives of others.
In humble and competent serving, we have influence
in our ministry through the PERMISSION of others,
and through the observed PERFORMANCE.
14. Other Practitioners and Writers of
Historical Pastoral Care
Cyprian,Tertullian, Chrysostom, Ambrose,
Augustine, Bonaventure and Thomas
Aquinas, Luther, Zwingli, Calvin, Bucer,
More, Herbert, Burnet, Baxter, etc.
These were commonly quoted by pastoral
care practitioners and writers of the 19th
century, but mostly ignored by those in the
20th
century.
16. Definition of Pastoral Care
“The ministry of the cure of souls, orpastoral
care, consists of helping acts, done by
representative Christian persons, directed
toward the healing, sustaining, guiding, and
reconciling of troubled persons whose troubles
arise in the context of ultimate meanings and
concerns.”
(fromClebsch & Jaekle)
17. Sustaining (Clebsch/Jaekle)
“Preservation- seeks to maintain a troubled
person's situation with as little loss as
possible.”
“Consolation- to communicate that actual losses
could not nullify person's opportunity to achieve
his destiny under God.”
“Consolidation- of the remaining resources
available to the sufferer to build a platform from
which to face a deprived life.”
“Redemption- by embracing the loss and by
setting out to achieve whatever historical
fulfilment might be wrested from life in the face
of irretrievable deprivation.”
18. Guiding (Clebsch/Jaekle)
“Guiding- is the function of the ministry of the cure
of souls which arrives at some wisdom
concerning what we ought to do when faced
with a difficult problem of choosing between
various courses of thought and action.”
Guidance is often done not so much by “advice
giving” (although that is certainly appropriate at
times) as by drawing out from the individual's
own experiences and values for their source as
criteria in decision making, “eductive
guidance”.
19. Healing (Clebsch/Jaekle)
“Healing- aims to overcome some impairment
by restoring a person to wholeness and by
leading him to advance beyond his previous
condition.”
Today, Pastoral Healing is less focused on
healing the physical body (although it is
done). The focus is often on other areas such
as social, mental, emotional, spiritual, and
holistic.
20. Reconciling (Clebsch/Jaekle)
Reconciliation can be thought of as healing of
relationships. Reconciliation is commonly
with others. However, it can be with God, and
it can be with self.
Clebsch and Jaekle suggest that Reconciliation
may be the area of Pastoral Care that is in
greatest need in this era.
21. History of Clinical Pastoral Care
Clinical Pastoral
Education (aka
Clinical Pastoral
Training) began in
the US in the 1920’s
through Anton
Boisen, Richard
Cabot, and Helen
Flanders Dunbar
22. History of Clinical Pastoral Care
Rev. Anton Boisen, father
of the Clinical Pastoral
Education/ Training
movement, saw the need
for pastoral care in mental
hospitals after being a
patient there himself. He
placed theological
students in supervised
contact with patients in
mental hospitals.
23. History of Clinical Pastoral Care
Dr. Richard Cabot's
efforts to define the
physician's, as well as
the health care
system's, role in
human well-being,
presaged medicine's
current attempts to
emphasize the social
context of the patient.
24. History of Clinical Pastoral Clinical
Helen Flanders. Her roots was
in homeopathic medicine.
She carved a theoretical
niche for psychosomatic
medicine--
She established the Journal of
Psychosomatic Medicine,
serving as its chief editor
from 1938 to 1947, and, in
1942 was instrumental in
founding the American
Psychosomatic Society.
http://www.webster.edu/~woolflm/dunbar.html
25. The integration of religion and psychology for
psychotherapeutic purposes began in the 1930’s
with the collaboration of Norman Vincent Peale,
a renowned minister, and Smiley Blanton, M.D.,
a psychiatrist, to form the American Foundation of
Religion and Psychiatry, now the Blanton-Peale
Institute.
Over the years, the role of pastoral counseling has
evolved from religious or spiritual counseling to
pastoral psychotherapy which integrates
theology and the behavioral sciences.
History of Clinical Pastoral Clinical
26. History of Clinical Pastoral Care
Psychological Influences
– Eric Erickson
• Ego development
• Life stages
• Stages of psychosocial development
– Carl Rogers
• Client centered therapy
• Reflective listening techniques
– Abraham Maslow
- Hierarchy of needs
– Viktor Frankl
- Will to Meaning, Logotherapy
27. History of Clinical Pastoral Care
Psychological Influences
Psychiatrist Karl Menninger was a pioneer in
the integration of the psychological and the
theological disciplines because he believed
in the "inseparable nature of psychological
and spiritual health."
Paul Pruyser (at the Menninger Clinic)
promoted the concept of pastoral
diagnosis.
28. History of Clinical Pastoral Care
Influencers in Pastoral Care/Psychology
– Donald Capps
• Psychosocial & theological themes
• Focus on personal change
– William Arnold (Union Seminary)
• Human development model
– James Fowler (Emory University)
• Stages of faith
– Henri Nouwen
- “Wounded Healer”
30. Levels of Explanation Model
Affiliated groups: Christian Association for
Psychological Studies (CAPS); The Journal of
Psychology and Christianity; Fuller Seminary School
of Psychology
Basic premise: Psychology deals with psychological
and natural problems in human behavior and
relationships. The Bible looks at spiritual problems
and our relationship with God. As such they are
separate disciplines that deal with unrelated
problems.
<Note: Descriptions of the four major models here are based
generally on Timothy Keller's article “Four Models of
Counseling in Pastoral Ministry”>
31. Integration Model
Affiliated Groups: Rosemead School of Psychology
at Biola University, La Mirada, CA; American
Association of Christian Counselors; Reformed
Theological Seminary, Jackson, MS.
Basic premise: Psychology and biblical theology
are both looking at the same thing—human
nature. Two different tools to study human
beings, “general revelation” and “special
revelation.” They give priority to the Bible
when there is conflict, but may give science
priority in common practice.
32. Christian Psychology Model
Affiliated Group: Covenant Theological
Seminary, St. Louis, MO
Basic premise: The Bible/Theology critiques
psychology at a foundational level.
Foundationally, theology dominates, but
psychological techniques may be brought in as
part of the therapy. In practice, tends to be
counselor driven rather than theory-driven.
33. Biblical Counseling Model
Affiliated Groups: National Association of
Nouthetic Counselors (NANC); Christian
Counseling and Educational Foundation (CCEF)
Basic premise: A high level of distrust of modern
psychology and psychological methodology.
Psychological insights should be used with
extreme caution. The older approach, formulated
by Jay Adams, put great emphasis on behavioral
change and the adoption of patterns of biblical
living. Much emphasis on sin, repentance, and
redemption.
34. What About “Pastoral Care”
Pastoral Care has always tended to
seek integration (many early church
fathers applied practices that
foreshadowed modern psychology).
Historical Pastoral Care comes closer to
the Christian Psychology Movement.
Clinical (Modern) Pastoral Care comes
closer to the Integrationists, with more
emphasis on psychology.
35. “Pastoral Care” vs “Spiritual Care”
Some people prefer Spiritual Care. For one thing
it sounds more interfaith... less specifically tied to
the Christian Faith. Also, some people don't
really know what pastoral care is.
On the other hand, Pastoral Care has 2000+
years of history behind it. It also is a better
metaphor because the descriptor is “concrete”
rather than “abstract.” Additionally, Spiritual Care
seems to suggest a more limited form of care
(does spiritual care only apply to “the spirit,”
ignoring social, psychoemotional, economic, and
physical concerns?)
We prefer “pastoral care” but recognize that both
terms find traction with different people.
36. A Few Challenges
Finding a healthy integration of
psychological principles, theological
principles, and personal faith.
Integrating one's humanity into one's
clinical role (Dykstra).
Juggling the roles of representative of God,
one's denomination, oneself, and the client.
Balancing care of client and care of self.
37. References
“Pastoral Care in Historical Perspectives,” Book. by Clebsch and Jaekle,
1964.
“Care of Souls in the Classic Tradition,” Book. by Thomas Oden
“Skillful Shepherds: An Introduction to Pastoral Theology,” Book, by Derek
J. Tidball.
“Preface to Pastoral Theology,” Book. by Seward Hiltner, 1958.
“Types of Pastoral Care and Counseling,” Book. by Howard Clinebell, 1966.
“Hope in Pastoral Care & Counseling,” Book. by Andrew Lester, 1995.
“The Dictionary of Pastoral Care and Counseling,” Book. by Rodney J.
Hunter, Ed.,
“Six Functions of Pastoral Care,” Internet Resource, by Jan Corbett-Jones.
“Four Models of Counseling in Pastoral Ministry,” Article. By Timothy Keller,
“Reviews from History of Pastoral Care,” Celia Munson, 2014
“Volunteer Chaplain Training,” Presentation, Al Honager, 2001.
“Bukal Life CPE Review,” Presentation, 2012.