This document contains 51 questions related to highway design and construction. The questions cover topics such as calculating stopping sight distances, using bioengineering techniques for hill roads, design and construction challenges for hill roads, methods for constructing gravel roads, factors that influence transport planning, designing road pavements and drainage works, the transport plus concept adopted in Nepal, elements of road cross sections, providing curves in highway alignments, causes of traffic accidents in Kathmandu, and maintenance of bituminous pavements. The document asks questions ranging from 3 to 10 marks and seems to be a collection of exam or interview questions for highway engineering.

1. Highway [Year]
1. Calculate the stopping sight distance for following 3 cases on a highway for as design
speed for as design speed of 80 kmph, reaction time is 2 secs and friction coefficient is
0.4 [10 marks]
a) When grade is 4% descending
b) When grade is 3% ascending
c) When road is flat

2. Highway [Year]
2. Explain the used of bio engineering in hill roads and its advantages compared to other
method [10 marks]

3. Highway [Year]
3. What are the design and construction problem of hill roads? What do you understand by
obligatory points? What are the special considerations which need to be followed in the
selection of alignments for roads in mountainous region? [10 marks] 2064 General

4. Highway [Year]
4. Described briefly the methodology used in the construction of gravel roads. Differentiate
between surfaced dressing treatment and otter seal construction? [10 marks]

5. Highway [Year]
5. The time for a clay layer to achieve 99% consolidation is 10 years. What time would be
required to achieve 99% consolidation if the layer were twice a thick, five times more
permeable and three times more compressible? [10 marks]

6. Highway [Year]
6. What factors influencing transport planning? Give their brief description and relative
important? [10 marks]2069/10/03

7. Highway [Year]
7. What are the factors to be considered for designing road pavements? Describe briefly the
type of design failure for each factor if it is not taken into account adequately and / or
correctly? [10 marks]

8. Highway [Year]
8. Describe the importance of drainage works in road and show how a side drain is
designed? [10 marks]

9. Highway [Year]
9. What do you mean by transport plus concept? Which agency in Nepal is adopting? Why
this concept is important in Nepalese mountainous & hilly roads? Write down pros &
cons of this concept? [10 marks] 2070/11/9

10. Highway [Year]
10. Draw a typical cross section of road with all elements. Describe briefly about each
element of cross section of road. [10 marks]

11. Highway [Year]
11. Describe with sketches the elements of highway cross section. Why are transition curve
provided in the horizontal alignment of highway explain with a sketch.[5+5 marks]064
highway

12. Highway [Year]
12. What are the criteria that should fulfilled while designing sub-surface drains? [4 marks]

13. Highway [Year]
13. What are the various tests that are used for assessing the suitability of road aggregates?
[3 marks]

14. Highway [Year]
14. What are the criteria that indicate certain road base material is of proper retardation.
[3 marks]

15. Highway [Year]
15. What is rotary intersection? What are the advantage and the limitation of traffic rotary
intersection?

16. Highway [Year]
16. What are the main causes of traffic accidents in Kathmandu? What measures be taken to
mitigate them?

17. Highway [Year]
17. What are the functions of highway drainage? List the data necessary to glean before
deciding on the drainage system for a road.

18. Highway [Year]
18. A bituminous mix has been prepared with 10% asphalt by weight of mixture. Assuming
the specific gravity of asphalt to be 1 and that of void less specific gravity of aggregate.

19. Highway [Year]
19. What are the categories of maintenance as defined by DOR? What is the scope of
periodic maintenance for paved road?

20. Highway [Year]
20. What specific considerations ought to be followed in the selection of alignment for roads
in the mountains regions? 6

21. Highway [Year]
21. Mention briefly the technology available to determine the best rout location of high ways.
4 marks

22. Highway [Year]
22. Explain maximum and minimum super elevations. Describes the methods of introducing
super elevation. 5 marks

23. Highway [Year]
23. A descending gradient of 1 in 30 meets an ascending gradient of 1in 40to from a valley
curve. Find out the length of valley curve, if the stooping sight distance is 120m. 5 marks

24. Highway [Year]
24. Briefly describe the use of bio engineering elements in the design of hill roads. 4 marks

25. Highway [Year]
25. What are the causes of erosion in highway? How can it be controlled? 3 marks

26. Highway [Year]
26. Explain the various test carried on bitumen to ascertain its suitability for a given type of
road. 3 marks

27. Highway [Year]
27. Explain importance of safety audit of road and elements of it. 5marks

28. Highway [Year]
28. Explain the type of intersection and where are there best uses. 5marks

29. Highway [Year]
29. What are the functions of different layers inflexible pavement? How the sub grade soil is
evaluated? 5 marks

30. Highway [Year]
30. Write down the construction procedure for pre-mixed bituminous carpet? 5marks

31. Highway [Year]
31. Discuss the procedure to be for the construction of single and double bituminous dressing
road. 10 marks

32. Highway [Year]
32. Explains the necessity of highway planning in Nepal. What are the uses of fact finding
surveys? How are these used and interpreted? 10 marks

33. Highway [Year]
33. The radius of a horizontal circular curve is 100 meters, the design speed is 50 kmph, and
the design coefficient of lateral friction is 0.15. Calculate the super elevation if full lateral
friction is called into play. 10marks

34. Highway [Year]
34. Define bio-engineering. Discuss its functions and limitation. 5 marks

35. Highway [Year]
35. Write short notes on: a) filter material used in sub-surface drain. b) los angles abrasion
test (2.5+2.5 marks)

36. Highway [Year]
36. Draw highway intersections in detail and show the traffic directions.
a) Four legged intersection
b) Multi legged intersection
c) Channelized intersection
d) Three legged intersection

37. Highway [Year]
37. Why pavement fails? Give reasons. Discuss various types of failures in flexible
pavement. (3+7) marks

38. Highway [Year]
38. Define road constructions technology. Describe the various activities to be performed for
the road construction. (2+8) marks

39. Highway [Year]
2071/11/9
39. Explain the advantage of road transport. Explain the factors that affect the selection of
highway project. 10marks

40. Highway [Year]
40. The radius of horizontal highway curve is 450m, super-elevation provided is 1in 15 and
the width of pavement curve is 7.5m. If the rate of change of centrifugal acceleration is
not to exceed 0.45 m/sec2 and the rate of introduction of super elevation (about the inner
edge of pavement) is not to exceed 1:50, design the length of horizontal curve for a
design speed of 100 km.ph. 10marks

41. Highway [Year]
41. Explain in detail special points that must be considered in the alignment of hill road of
Nepal. 10marks

42. Highway [Year]
42. What are the general requirements of traffic control devices? What are traffic islands?
Briefly describe various types of traffic islands. (2+2+6) marks

43. Highway [Year]
43. What is EAL or ESL? Describe its significance in design of rod pavements. 5marks

44. Highway [Year]
44. What are various method of design of rod pavements? 5 marks

45. Highway [Year]
45. Why road maintenance is necessary? Describe different type of road maintenance.
Explain the maintenance of bituminous pavement. (2+2+6) marks

46. Highway [Year]
46. What are the different types of landslide? Describe them briefly. how can slope stability
improved by plants? (2+3+5) marks

47. Highway [Year]
47. List and explain the various factors influencing the alignment of roads in Nepal. Describe
the classification of road. (6+4)marks

48. Highway [Year]
48. Describe in detail reasons for providing of curves with their types in highway
construction. 5 marks

49. Highway [Year]
49. Explain the significance of hill roads in the national development of Nepal. 5 marks

50. Highway [Year]
50. Describe in details about the main steps of the design of surface drain. 5 marks

51. Highway [Year]
51. Discuss the essential difference between flexible and rigid pavement with the
consideration of loads distribution over the sub grade. 4 marks