Beyond the All Electric Rainbow (Building Decarbonization is more than electr...Bronwyn Barry
California is on a path to decarbonize our grid and in order to support our energy policy, our buildings must shift from reliance on fossil fool gas, to utilize renewably generated electricity. This presentation was shared in SLO as part of their 'Decarbonize our Buildings' events on August 22nd. It dives into the details of a home in a similar climate zone to California's Central Coast, that I designed in 2014 and built using all-electric equipment and appliances. My presentation includes both predicted and monitored energy, and shows that by going BEYOND CODE MINIMUM, I was able to radically reduce energy use, optimize comfort and deliver a very cost-effective building.
NFRC vs. PHI vs. PHIUS Window Certification for the USBronwyn Barry
A review of the three window certifications now available for window manufacturers on the US market. First issued in July, 2013 and updated on June 28th, 2015. This builds on a previous comparison I've done reviewing differences in testing protocols by PHI and NFRC.
Updated and enhanced version of an oldie, with added info on responsibility of manufacturers and then that of the designer. High performance windows now a local reality.
US Passive House Conference, 2010, presentation on new research in the windows for Passive House area. Looks at size, shape, installation and glazing SHGC effects on building performance, showing how to optimize all of these details for low-energy, better sex buildings!
Beyond the All Electric Rainbow (Building Decarbonization is more than electr...Bronwyn Barry
California is on a path to decarbonize our grid and in order to support our energy policy, our buildings must shift from reliance on fossil fool gas, to utilize renewably generated electricity. This presentation was shared in SLO as part of their 'Decarbonize our Buildings' events on August 22nd. It dives into the details of a home in a similar climate zone to California's Central Coast, that I designed in 2014 and built using all-electric equipment and appliances. My presentation includes both predicted and monitored energy, and shows that by going BEYOND CODE MINIMUM, I was able to radically reduce energy use, optimize comfort and deliver a very cost-effective building.
NFRC vs. PHI vs. PHIUS Window Certification for the USBronwyn Barry
A review of the three window certifications now available for window manufacturers on the US market. First issued in July, 2013 and updated on June 28th, 2015. This builds on a previous comparison I've done reviewing differences in testing protocols by PHI and NFRC.
Updated and enhanced version of an oldie, with added info on responsibility of manufacturers and then that of the designer. High performance windows now a local reality.
US Passive House Conference, 2010, presentation on new research in the windows for Passive House area. Looks at size, shape, installation and glazing SHGC effects on building performance, showing how to optimize all of these details for low-energy, better sex buildings!
Passive House Exam Preparation (sample pages)André Harrmann
This slideshow contains a few questions which might come up in this form or another during the exam for Certified Passive House Designer (CPHD) or Certified Passive House Consultant (CPHC). See here if you want to learn more about the exam: www.passivhausplaner.eu
Window Standards Compared: NFRC, ISO and Passive House RatingsRDH Building Science
This slide deck was presented by Brittany Hanham at Passive House North Conference 2013.
Outline:
- North American and Passive House window rating systems
- Example simulation results
- What this means and things to be aware of
Achieving the Passive House criteria on a high-rise, concrete-framed building located in Vancouver, BC.
Presented at the 2017 NAPHN Conference and Expo by Eric Catania, M.Eng., BEMP, CPHD, LEED AP BD+C, PHI Accredited Passive House Certifier.
The presentation introduced the Passive House concept and its application for new dwellings, renovation and in office buildings. The market for Passive Houses is set for rapid growth. A market overview is given in a European context.
Is Passivhaus a step too far? South Pacific Passive House Conference Auckland...Nick Grant
Is the Passivhaus standard too extreme for a mild climate such as New Zealand? Do we really need to do all the modelling and calculations if we max out the insulation and air tightness? Nick Grant's first presentation at the first South Pacific Passive House Conference in Auckland aims to explore these questions.
Launch of SIG Design and Technology at Westfield Shopping Centre.
Our aim is to provide you with inspiration and examples of how the fifth elevation offers innovative, joined up sustainable solutions
Includes the Green Roof at Westfield.
Participants will:
1. Learn about approaches to identifying, quantifying, and investigating IGU performance problems and how results needed can inform the investigation tools/processes used.
2. Learn about the unique design challenges with replacing structurally glazed IGUs and how those challenges were overcome.
3. Learn how quality assurance procedures can be used to deliver innovative products that meet performance expectations.
4. Learn about how building enclosure repair implementation can be as challenging as figuring out how to repair the damaged building enclosure component.
Passivhaus Designing for heating load 25th Passivhaus ConferenceNick Grant
Passive solar is dead, long live super-insulation. This paper was presented at the 25th International Passivhaus Conference, online. Passivhaus (Passive House) is the leading international standard for comfortable low energy buildings. This paper recommends designers consider designing for the alternative metric of peak heating load rather than annual energy demand. This means optimising glazing for daylight and views and not for solar gain.
Passive House Exam Preparation (sample pages)André Harrmann
This slideshow contains a few questions which might come up in this form or another during the exam for Certified Passive House Designer (CPHD) or Certified Passive House Consultant (CPHC). See here if you want to learn more about the exam: www.passivhausplaner.eu
Window Standards Compared: NFRC, ISO and Passive House RatingsRDH Building Science
This slide deck was presented by Brittany Hanham at Passive House North Conference 2013.
Outline:
- North American and Passive House window rating systems
- Example simulation results
- What this means and things to be aware of
Achieving the Passive House criteria on a high-rise, concrete-framed building located in Vancouver, BC.
Presented at the 2017 NAPHN Conference and Expo by Eric Catania, M.Eng., BEMP, CPHD, LEED AP BD+C, PHI Accredited Passive House Certifier.
The presentation introduced the Passive House concept and its application for new dwellings, renovation and in office buildings. The market for Passive Houses is set for rapid growth. A market overview is given in a European context.
Is Passivhaus a step too far? South Pacific Passive House Conference Auckland...Nick Grant
Is the Passivhaus standard too extreme for a mild climate such as New Zealand? Do we really need to do all the modelling and calculations if we max out the insulation and air tightness? Nick Grant's first presentation at the first South Pacific Passive House Conference in Auckland aims to explore these questions.
Launch of SIG Design and Technology at Westfield Shopping Centre.
Our aim is to provide you with inspiration and examples of how the fifth elevation offers innovative, joined up sustainable solutions
Includes the Green Roof at Westfield.
Participants will:
1. Learn about approaches to identifying, quantifying, and investigating IGU performance problems and how results needed can inform the investigation tools/processes used.
2. Learn about the unique design challenges with replacing structurally glazed IGUs and how those challenges were overcome.
3. Learn how quality assurance procedures can be used to deliver innovative products that meet performance expectations.
4. Learn about how building enclosure repair implementation can be as challenging as figuring out how to repair the damaged building enclosure component.
Passivhaus Designing for heating load 25th Passivhaus ConferenceNick Grant
Passive solar is dead, long live super-insulation. This paper was presented at the 25th International Passivhaus Conference, online. Passivhaus (Passive House) is the leading international standard for comfortable low energy buildings. This paper recommends designers consider designing for the alternative metric of peak heating load rather than annual energy demand. This means optimising glazing for daylight and views and not for solar gain.
How to Look AT High Performance WindowsBronwyn Barry
Advice from a \'specialist\' on how to look AT windows, instead of through them: what components matter, your design responsibility and a few surprising suggestions on how not to use glass for everything.
Portfolio and details for Pazen Enersign Windows and Doors, distributed by Quantum Builders for Sustainable Living, Inc. Presentation includes energy values and alternate window offerings also designed by Pazen.
Passive House in California: Overkill or Appropriate?Bronwyn Barry
A close look at two recent California Passive House projects, one new, one retrofit. Which details matter in high performance new and retrofit construction and how we can use this information to build NZE and near-zero energy homes in California.
Optimizing Passive House: A look at Kranichstein (& Saskatoon) using PDT-Pass...Bronwyn Barry
This paper was presented at the 2016 International Passive House Conference. It looks at how the 1st Passive House in Kranichstein, Germany, was optimized and how this influenced the development of the Passive House Standard. Another project in Saskatoon is also reviewed to show how this new PDT-Passivhaus optimizer software service can help designers and energy modelers find the best combination of assemblies, areas and components to achieve the comfort and performance targets of the Passive House Standard.
The Larkspur Remodel: A Phased Approach to the Passive House StandardBronwyn Barry
An example of a recent (2009) renovation designed to meet the Passive House energy standard, using a phased approach. (And yes, the air-tightness standard is possible on a retrofit!)
Talking chicken about high performance building and Urban Farming: A look at recent Passive House projects in California. Given on Sept 5, 2012, in Oakland CA.
2015 South Pacific Passive House Conference - KeynoteBronwyn Barry
A perspective on the ties that bind New Zealand and Northern California, with ideas for how NZ and the South Pacific can use the successes of Passive House in a similar climate region to boost Passive House in this local region.
An Intro to PDT-Passivhaus PHPP Optimizing ServiceBronwyn Barry
I was approached by a software company in late 2014, asking me whether their Predictive Design Technology algorithms would be useful for Passive House design optimization. I'd seen so many Passive House projects (my own included) that had missed easy opportunities to optimize for comfort, cost and performance that I jumped at the offer.
This presentation is an introduction to the software service we have developed. I look forward to hearing from the greater Passive House community about how this helps you to better explore your Passive House projects.
California (Home) Dreamin': The Passive House Path to NZE Bronwyn Barry
Presentation delivered at Greenbuild LA, 2016, in collaboration with Ann Edminster. I look at the specifics of 3 One Sky Homes, showing assemblies and measured data to demonstrate the efficacy of Passive House as a proven path to Zero and well beyond.
The Building Science of Thermal ComfortBronwyn Barry
An incomplete review of thermal comfort, thermodynamics, indoor air quality, who influenced this science and how it is being used to design insanely comfortable buildings. Bonus side benefit: they happen to use very little energy. (Don't tell anyone about this - it may be too radical.)
Building energy modeling consulting example slides and graphical presentations. Energy analysis, daylight modeling, weather visualizations. Studies include:
Building Simulation Process and Tools
Concept Visual Aids
Thermal Comfort Mean Radiant Temperature Mapping
Tech User Plug Load Study
LEED Energy Modeling
Detailed Energy Model :: Laboratory Energy Targeting
Energy Modeling :: Performance EUI Targeting
Detailed Analysis :: Energy Cost and Fuel Switching
Action Oriented Benchmarking :: Making Comparisons
Action Oriented Benchmarking :: Measured Data
Thermal Load Sensitivity for HVAC System Selection
Adaptive Thermal Comfort for Passive Cooling
Thermal Comfort in Active Cooling :: PPD and PMV
Outdoor Thermal Comfort :: UTCI
Daylight Depth and Visual Glare Assessment
Glazing Exterior Visualization and Peak Load Study
Automated Interior Blinds :: Peak Load Study
Local Weather Data Analysis
Maintaining comfortable environments in
offices is one of, if not the most expensive
running cost for such a building. Even then
ideal conditions can be extremely difficult to
achieve, which can have a severely negative
impact on sales and productivity.
The Airius destratification system optimises
existing HVAC systems by circulating
temperatures evenly throughout, removing
hot and cold spots and balancing
temperatures to within 1-2°C, saving
30%-50% on your HVAC costs.
SusPower is a specialized Sustainable cooling technology design-build firm utilizing only German Patented technology. The latest German technology reached its science in the field of cooling and heating in the Middle East and North Africa. The German Cooling Technology has a long history spanning more than thirty years in the industry, the latest cooling and heating system in the world, which is a network water pipes pass through which gives the temperature of the place according to the user’s desire. The SusPower Cooling system can be used in residential, offices, greenhouses, Equestrian Stables, swimming pools, tents, Cold Storage & refrigeration, and most importantly much healthier than the conventional forced air cooling we are accustomed to in the UAE.
Thermal Edge UL Listed Enclosure ACs Brochure 2013Thermal Edge Inc
Full Line of TEI UL Listed Enclosure Air Conditioners
Engineered and manufactured to endure the most difficult of environments and applications. Thermal Edge air conditioners will exceed environmental requirements in applications like Steel, Food Processing, Petro-Chemical, Cement, Paper and Pulp and Plastics. All products are available in NEMA types 12, 4 and 4X.
Simulating the Performance of the Unique MicroLouvre™ for Low Energy Building...SimScale
SimScale teams up with Smartlouvre Technology Ltd. to demonstrate how simulation technology can be used to evaluate the performance of MicroLouvre, a woven mesh of paper-thin bronze louvres. This product is used externally on windows and building facades to block and absorb heat, and control glare. As the only one of its kind on the market, MicroLouvre provides an option for low energy building designers that improves the performance of glazing while still allowing for daylight and natural ventilation.
SimScale evaluated the performance of Microlouvre testing its structural properties against airflow, solar, and thermal data.
In 2015 the Passive House Institute released an update to their standard that completely overhauled how source energy was calculated. This revision layered in localized source energy factors based on fuel source, seasonal use type and local grid renewable capacity, amongst other improvements. This offers climate-specific outcomes to their standard, using back-end factors, which allowed the front end targets to remain visually uniform for ease of use by policy makers and planning officials charged with reviewing projects.
This presentation explains how these factors are structured and applied in various states and regions in North America.
PER+PHribbon_PHNconference_2022 _ BB.pdfBronwyn Barry
A look at the Primary Energy Renewable factors for the USA, by region and city, followed by an brief intro to the PHribbon, using a Berkeley, CA, project example.
Equitable Net Zero and the All Electric Future Bronwyn Barry
Presentation delivered on April 26th, 2019, at the CABEC Conference in Asilomar. It looks at why we need to shift from current 'net zero' framework to one that connects directly to GHG outputs, and includes a few hot takes on where the current issues lie and how to fix them.
This presentation questions the targets we should be aiming for and then proposes a framework that allows for a more equitable accounting of both renewables and energy use, based on climate, size, type and local energy resources.
Introducing Primary Energy Renewables: a look at New England's PER FactorsBronwyn Barry
What is PER, why do we need it, and how does it apply to us here? This presentation provides a high level introduction to the new framework for viewing primary energy generated via an all-renewable energy grid. It includes a comparison of specific PER factors for all major New England cities, plus the seven largest cities in California.
Buildings for an All Renewable Energy Future - The Passive House Path for Uti...Bronwyn Barry
Utilities are charged by many States to transition the grid to all Renewable Energy generation. This is possible, BUT only if we start to design buildings that look specifically at HEATING Load reduction. This presentations shows exactly WHY this is an issue - even in sunny California - and offers alternate business model options for utilities to take charge of developing stored renewable energy to cover our winter seasonal shortfall.
Introducing Primary Energy Renewables (PER) - A Building Framework for the Al...Bronwyn Barry
Presentation given at SLAC in Palo Alto, and the AIA Los Angeles COTE at Gensler, LA, outlining the new building framework that incentivizes building designers to create buildings that will support a grid supplied by 100% renewable energy. The presentation looks at the nexus of efficiency, renewable supply and renewable storage via long- and short-term storage options. Specific building examples are included.
A Building Framework for the All Renewable Energy FutureBronwyn Barry
This presentation provides an introduction to Primary Energy + Renewables (PER), as developed by the Passive House Institute, with new certification tiers that provide a design framework to enhance an all-renewable energy grid. This framework will be further expanded upon at the upcoming NAPHN17 Conference & Expo in Oakland, CA, on October 4-8th, 2017. Details on the event are included.
Optimizing Passive House: A look at Kranichstein (& Saskatoon) using PDT-Pass...Bronwyn Barry
Paper delivered and published in the proceedings for the 2016 International Passive House Conference, Darmstadt, Germany. This paper accompanied the slide presentation of the same title and looks at the optimization of the Kranichstein Passive House and another house in Saskatoon, Canada.
Visual Style and Aesthetics: Basics of Visual Design
Visual Design for Enterprise Applications
Range of Visual Styles.
Mobile Interfaces:
Challenges and Opportunities of Mobile Design
Approach to Mobile Design
Patterns
PDF SubmissionDigital Marketing Institute in NoidaPoojaSaini954651
https://www.safalta.com/online-digital-marketing/advance-digital-marketing-training-in-noidaTop Digital Marketing Institute in Noida: Boost Your Career Fast
[3:29 am, 30/05/2024] +91 83818 43552: Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida also provides advanced classes for individuals seeking to develop their expertise and skills in this field. These classes, led by industry experts with vast experience, focus on specific aspects of digital marketing such as advanced SEO strategies, sophisticated content creation techniques, and data-driven analytics.
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
EASY TUTORIAL OF HOW TO USE CAPCUT BY: FEBLESS HERNANEFebless Hernane
CapCut is an easy-to-use video editing app perfect for beginners. To start, download and open CapCut on your phone. Tap "New Project" and select the videos or photos you want to edit. You can trim clips by dragging the edges, add text by tapping "Text," and include music by selecting "Audio." Enhance your video with filters and effects from the "Effects" menu. When you're happy with your video, tap the export button to save and share it. CapCut makes video editing simple and fun for everyone!
Connect Conference 2022: Passive House - Economic and Environmental Solution...TE Studio
Passive House: The Economic and Environmental Solution for Sustainable Real Estate. Lecture by Tim Eian of TE Studio Passive House Design in November 2022 in Minneapolis.
- The Built Environment
- Let's imagine the perfect building
- The Passive House standard
- Why Passive House targets
- Clean Energy Plans?!
- How does Passive House compare and fit in?
- The business case for Passive House real estate
- Tools to quantify the value of Passive House
- What can I do?
- Resources
Fonts play a crucial role in both User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX) design. They affect readability, accessibility, aesthetics, and overall user perception.
1. High Performance Matters
How and why we need to change our
current window design for
Comfort, Health & Profit
Bronwyn Barry
Design Director - One Sky Homes
Co-President: Passive House California
Co-President: North American Passive House Network
2. Agenda
• How Windows can Change the World
• An Introduction to your Colleagues
• Inspiration Gallery
3. Herring Haus
(W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F)
Slab on Grd 0.178 32 0.03
Walls to Amb. 0.106 54 0.02
Wall to Grnd 0.179 32 0.03
Roof 0.057 100 0.01
Av. U-Window 0.99 6 0.17
Window Area (m2) 30 322 sf
Airtightness ACH 0.6
6. The following became constant:
• Window Area: 12m2
• Airtightness: 0.2 ach
What if we optimize this?
http://www.passivhaus.protolife.com
7. 0
0.5
1
Slab on Grd
Walls to
Amb. Wall to Grnd
Roof
Av. U-
Window
0.22
0.16 0.22
0.07
0.4
0.178
0.106 0.179
0.057
0.99
AFTER: (W/m2K) BEFORE: (W/m2K)
BEFORE: AFTER:
U R U U R U
(W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F) (W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F)
Slab on Grd 0.178 32 0.03 0.22 26 0.04
Walls to Amb. 0.106 54 0.02 0.16 35 0.03
Wall to Grnd 0.179 32 0.03 0.22 26 0.04
Roof 0.057 100 0.01 0.07 81 0.01
Av. U-Window 0.99 6 0.17 0.4 14 0.07
Window Area (m2) 30 322 sf 12 129 sf
Airtightness ACH 0.6 0.2
Windows are our BEST opportunity!
8. BEFORE: AFTER:
U R U U R U
(W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F) (W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F)
Slab on Grd 0.178 32 0.03 0.22 26 0.04
Walls to Amb. 0.106 54 0.02 0.16 35 0.03
Wall to Grnd 0.179 32 0.03 0.22 26 0.04
Roof 0.057 100 0.01 0.07 81 0.01
Av. U-Window 0.99 6 0.17 0.4 14 0.07
Window Area (m2) 30 322 sf 12 129 sf
Airtightness ACH 0.6 0.2
And offer a complex set of choices!
# Units Total Area Htg Dmd
m2 W/m2a (BTU/hr.ft2.°F) kWh/m2a
0.99 0.17 40
0.45 0.08 31
0.99 0.17 37
0.45 0.08 25
Before
Optimized
19 30.45
13.028
Av. U-w
U-Window & Total Area Comparison
But is this
possible?
10. Only if we have better Windows!
AFTER:
Slab on Grd
Walls to Amb.
Wall to Grnd
Roof
Av. U-Window
Window Area (m2)
Airtightness ACH
U R U
(W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F)
0.22 26 0.04
0.16 35 0.03
0.22 26 0.04
0.07 81 0.01
0.4 14 0.07
12 129 sf
0.2
11. Evolution of a Passive House
Window:
Pazen ENERsign
bf: 100 mm
Uw,: 0,68 W/(m²K)
Ψopak: 0,106 W/(mK)
Efficiency class : phA
Pazen: ENERsignPlus
bf: 94 mm
UW,: 0,65 W/(m²K)
Ψopak: 0,02 W/(mK)
Efficiency class : phA
Winter ewitherm
bf: 154/169 mm
UW,: 0,77 W/(m²K)
Ψopak: 0,170 W/(mK)
Efficiency class: phC
Pazen: Arctis
bf: 94/94 mm
UW,: 0,45 W/(m²K)
Ψopak: 0,08 W/(mK)
Efficiency class : phA
• Frames went from tall to wide
• Performance improved with less frame
12. Source: ARCHnews Green Column, June 2009. Dan Johnson, danjoh99@gmail.com
• Can it Drip?
• Will it Drain?
• Can you set it back
into the wall?
Looking from our Perspective
13. Psi Spacer Htg Dmd
W/mK W/m2a (BTU/hr.ft2.°F) kWh/m2a
0.04 0.97 0.17 40
0.03 0.95 0.17 39
0.025 0.93 0.16 39
0.022 0.93 0.16 39
Psi-Spacer Comparison
TGI
Thermix
Swiss Spacer V
Av. U-w
Super Spacer Triseal
What if we changed the Spacer?
19. What windows am I using?
First Net Zero Energy new home in California
20. How’s are they performing?
http://oneskyhomes.com/about/presentations/cottle-zne-home-measures-plus-energy-performance
Local vs Imports show up on the thermal camera…
22. Remove the Nailing Flange
Saving the siding from future removal
Creating better drainage at the Sill
23. Uw,e 0,85
Requirements for windows
Climate region Hygiene criterion
fRsi =0,25 m²K/W ≥
UW
[W/(m²K)]
UW,installed
[W/(m²K)]
Glazing
Arctic 0.80 0.40 0,07 0.45 0,08 Quadruple/Vacuum
Cold 0.75 0.60 0,106 0.65 0,114 Triple/Quadruple
Cool, temperate 0.70 0.80 0,14 0.85 0,15 Triple
Warm, temperate 0.65 1.00 0,176 1.05 0,185 Double/Triple
Warm 0.55 1.20 0,21 1.25 0,22 Double
Hot 0.55 1.20 0,21 1.25 0,22 Double anti sun
Very hot 0.65 1.00 0,176 1.05 0,185 Triple anti sun
UW,installed ≤
1.05 W/(m²K)
0.85 W/(m²K)
1.05 W/(m²K)
UW,installed ≤
0.65 W/(m²K)
UW,installed ≤ 0.45
W/(m²K)
UW,installed ≤
1.25 W/(m²K)
0,22 BTU/(hft²F)
What performance level does
North America need?
24. Design temperature θa for fRsi:
minimum average temperature over several days
Maximum water activity: aW ≤ 0.80
Water activity higher than 0.80 can lead to mold
growth. To prevent mold growth, the minimum
temperature of inner surfaces must be higher
than 12.6 °C, when rHi is 50%.
The lower the designed for ambient temperature
(θa), the more is required of the exterior
envelope.
The temperature factor fRsi [-] is a good indicator
for the hygiene criterion. To prevent mold
growth, fRsi must increase with decreasing
temperature
fRsi =
qsi -qa
qi -qa
Source: With Permission from the Passive House Institute
θi = 20°C
68°F
danger of
mold growth
mold growth free
LA 0.51
Washington
0.70
Minneapolis
0.75
Winnipeg 0.79
Design temperature θa for fRsi:
minimum average temperature over several days
Low U-value is not enough…
25. Comfort is KING (of sales)
Minimum temperature of inner
surfaces: θsi ≥ θop -4,2 K
Due to comfort, this criterion limits the
minimum average temperature of the
surface of a building component.
Minimum surface temperature can
deviate from average operative room
temperature by a maximum of
4.2 Kelvin. A larger difference can lead
to cold air drafts and radiant heat loss.
This criterion defines the maximum
thermal transmittance coefficient of a
building component:
)(/²
2,4
KKWKmR
K
U
aopsi
RSi =0.13 m²K/W, θop = 22°C
0,738 hft²/(BTU) 71,6°F
Los Angeles 1.35
W/(m²K) 0,238
BTU/(hft²F)
Washington 0.85 W/(m²k)
0,15 BTU/(hft²F)
Minneapolis 0.67 W/(m²K)
0,118 BTU/(hft²F)
Winnipeg 0.60 W/(m²K)
0,106 BTU/(hft²F)
Mexico-City 2,0 W/(m²K)
0,35 BTU/(hft²F)
(min.12hmeanvalue)
[°C]
Information on
different climates
26. Radiator to balance low
surface temperatures
and to stop the cold- air
No radiator necessary, if surface temperature is not more
than 4.2 K below the operative room temperature
The Passive House Standard
is defined by thermal comfort!
“A Passive House is a building, for which thermal comfort (ISO 7730) can be achieved solely by post-
heating or post-cooling of the fresh air mass, which is required to achieve sufficient indoor air quality
conditions – without the need for additional recirculation of air.”
38. Fat moves in Thinner Frames…
Image 1: SmartWin(Propassivhausfenster.net) 2.Enersign.de, Image 3: passivehausfenster.at , Image 4: walchfenster.at
Good Frame Design Includes:
• Strength
• Durability
• Insulation,
• Drainage
• and various options for installation.
39. Big Moves in Thin Glass
Maximum total gas gap: 36 mm; minimum emissivity: 3 %
Beyond state of the art:
• Anti dew (hard)-coating on the outside
• Vacuum glazing
• Multi-foil glazing
Requirement
Ug [W/(m²k)] Ug [W/(m²k)] g [-] Ug [W/(m²k)] g [-]
cool-temperate 0,75 0,52 0,28
cold 0,55 0,55 0,28
arctic 0,35 0,58 0,29
By the use of low-iron-glass 2% better g-values
Glazing:
State of the art
Region
2 * 18 mm 90% Argon
2 * low-e-coating (3%)
3 * 12 mm 90% Krypton
3 * low-e-coating (3%)
0,50 0,46
0,75 W/(m²K)=0,132 BTU/(hft²F)
0,55W/(m²K)=0,1 BTU/(hft²F)
0,35W/(m²K)=0,06 BTU/(hft²F)
0,52 0,29
40. Crystal Ball Gazing…
Super Performance from Thin Film
Source: SuperWindows.eu
Invis 160 = Ug 0.15 W/m2K
U R U
(W/m2
K) (hr.ft2
.°F/BTU) (BTU/hr.ft2
.°F)
0.15 38 0.03
41. Frame Venting and Corner Glazing…
Source: Presenters own images from International Passive House Conference, Germany
42. Blast from the Past
Source: Presenters own images from Aachen, Germany
43. Resources to Learn More:
Passive House Institute
www.passivehouse.com
North American Passive House
Network
www.naphnetwork.org
http://naphn15.canphi.ca/
45. Bronwyn Barry
Design Director - One Sky Homes
Co-President: Passive House California
Co-President: North American Passive House Network
Thank You!
Editor's Notes
With an indoor temperature of 20°C and a relative indoor air humidity of 50%, there may be problems relating to mould if the surface temperature falls below 12.6°C. In the Central European (cool, temperate) climate, in order to ensure an adequate surface temperature a temperature factor of at least 0.7 is necessary at the glazing edge (fRsi).
The size of the linear thermal bridge at the glazing edge (Ψg -value) depends on the window construction as well as the material used.
The construction of Passive House windows can be optimised by a deeper glazing rebate upstand; however this often entails larger frame widths, which has a negative effect on the potential solar gains through the windows. Insulation inserts on the outside which shield the glazing edge from the cold are advantageous in this case.
The second option is to choose suitable materials for the warm edge, i.e. the thermally separated glazing edge seal. Many manufacturers of profiles for spacers at the glazing edge have developed products made of materials (stainless steel foil or a combination of stainless steel and plastic) which allow a high standard of thermal separation. In contrast with aluminium profiles, heat losses can be greatly reduced with these.
The slide shows that absence of mould (in cool temperate climates) can only be achieved by means of a plastic spacer.
Additional information:
The materials for glazing edge seals have been improved considerably since the development of the Passive House window. Stainless steel spacers are at least as durable as aluminium spacers, the use of which can no longer be justified.
Even less heat loss occurs with plastic spacers in which a metal foil is used to seal the gas filling. Today metal foils are located on the outside of the plastic body and the spacers are just as durable as the conventional solutions. Same is valid for a new generation of spacers, working with a plastic film, which is coated by a very thin metal layer to be absolutely tight.
If a window is positioned properly in the insulation layer and if the frame is well-covered with insulation, then the value Ψinstallation (linear thermal bridge due to installation) will be below 0 W/(mK), because the extended insulation of the frame makes the frame values “better” than the entered values.
Improper installation can lead to a Ψinstallation value much greater than 0.05 W/(mK). The diagram shows the considerable worsening of the U-values of the installed windows due to the increase in the installation thermal bridge.
The effect on the installation thermal bridge by the chosen window position in the wall or the insulation is apparent:
The optimum installation position in the middle reduces the installation Psi-value to 0.01 or 0.017 W/(mK). Here the window is positioned in the insulation layer and the frame is completely covered with insulation.
Installation flush with the interior surface has a disastrous effect; heat losses are increased by a third. Solar gains decrease simultaneously (not shown here) due to the greater amount of shading by the reveal.
Installation flush with the facade only leads to a slight worsening of the installation thermal bridge in this particular case (window is insulated on the outside). There is no shading by the reveal, so in terms of thermal efficiency, this type of installation may be more favourable than installation in the insulation layer. However, there is the question of the practicability of this type of installation.
As a compromise between the installation thermal bridge and the cost-effectiveness of the installation, the PHI recommends installation directly in front of the wall in the insulation layer (inner side of the frame level fixed to the wall).
A less risky implementation variant is the installation of casement windows. However casement windows are much more expensive than ordinary Passive House windows.
Green values: BTU/(hft²F)
The hygiene criterion is mainly about moisture. If there is too much moisture, mould can appear. For reasons of hygiene and to prevent damage to the historic substance, conditions, under which mould can grow, should be avoided. In the actual context important kinds of mould and fungus can grow, if the moisture in a pore of a material or at the surface of the material is over 80% rh. Because the relative moisture varies by the temperature, at a given relative indoor air humidity and indoor air temperature (i), the temperature of the inner surface is crucial whether mould can grow or not. A proper indicator for the temperature and by that for the hygiene criterion is the temperature factor fSi.
As well as for the comfort criterion, the hygiene criterion depends on the outside temperature, because at a given window, the temperature of the inner surface (Si) of the window is directly influenced by the outside temperature. For mould needs some time to grow, not the average temperature of the coldest day but the average temperature of coldest several days is decisive for the specific design outside temperature (a) to determine the temperature factor. The figure shows the temperature factor for mould free conditions plotted against the design outside temperature and the required factors for some European cities. The coldest point at the inner surface of a window is in most cases the glass edge. To achieve the hygiene criterion, different measures are needed in the climates of Europe. Warm glass edges are recommended anyway.
The temperature of the inner surface depends on the outside temperature, different measures has to be taken in different climates. Besides the outside temperature, the inner surface temperature depends on the thermal quality of an element, indicated by its U-value [W/(m²K)]. This fact results in different u-values for different climates. Depending on the design-outside temperature (average temperature of the coldest day in a year), the U-value, required to achieve the comfort criterion can be calculated by the equation in the slide, Where is:
Rsi: The internal heat transfer resistance (in case of vertical windows 0,13 m²K/W)op: Operative (perceived) room temperature [°C]a: Design-outside temperature [°C]
State of the art for glazing is the triple pane glazing with two low e coatings and argon filling Ug = 0,70 – 0,52 possible
To achieve the requirement in terms of comfort and hygiene for arctic regions, quadruple panes with krypton fillings will be necessary