Hendreson theory

1. Prepared by:-
Mrs. D. Melba Sahaya Sweety
Msc Nursing
Pediatric Nursing Department
GIMSAR
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

2. INTRODUCTION
 Virginia Avenel Henderson, (November 30, 1897
– March 19, 1996) was an influential nurse,
researcher, theorist and author. Henderson is
famous for a definition of nursing: "The unique
function of the nurse is to assist the individual,
sick or well, in the performance of those
activities contributing to health or its recovery
(or to peaceful death) that he would perform
unaided if he had the necessary strength, will .
 She is known as "the first lady of nursing" and
has been called, "arguably the most famous
nurse of the 20th century“ and "the
quintessential nurse of the twentieth century".
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

3. MAJOR CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
 PERSON :-
Person as an
individual who require
assistance to achieve
health and independence
or pace death. The mind
and body are inseparable
The patient and his or her
family are viewed as a
unit.
 ENVIRONMENT :-
she used Webster’s
New Collegiate Dictionary
1961 and defined
environment as the
aggregate of all the external
conditions and influences
affecting the life and
development of an
organism.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

4. MAJOR CONCEPTS AND
DEFINITIONS
HEALTH :-
She viewed
health in terms of
the patient’s
ability to perform
the 14 components
of nursing care
unaided
NURSING :-
The unique function of the
nurse is to assist the individual,
sick or well, in the performance of
those activities contributing to
health or its recovery (or to
peaceful death) that he would
perform unaided if he had the
necessary strength, will or
knowledge .
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

5. Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

6. Henderson's 14 Basic Needs of
the Patient
Breathe normally
Eat and drink adequately
Eliminate body wastes
Move and maintain desirable postures
Sleep and rest
Select suitable clothes-dress and undress
Maintain body temperature within normal range by adjusting
clothing and modifying the environmentChinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

7. Henderson's 14 Basic Needs of the
Patient
Keep the body clean and well groomed and protect
the integument
Avoid dangers in the environment and avoid
injuring others
Communicate with others in expressing emotions,
needs, fears, or opinions.
Worship according to one’s faith
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

8. Henderson's 14 Basic Needs of the
Patient
Work in such a way that there is a sense of
accomplishment
Play or participate in various forms of recreation
Learn, discover, or satisfy the curiosity that leads to
normal development and health and use the available
health facilities
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

9. 1- Breathe normally
 The gaseous exchange of the body is essential for patient
health and for life itself.
 The nurse should become familiar with the respiratory function
of the person and know how to identify the possible
disadvantages of this process.
 This includes helping with correct postures of the body, being
alert to strange noises during breathing and being aware of
nasal secretions and mucus.
 You should also monitor the frequency and breathing rate,
check that the routes are not obstructed, observe the
temperature and air circulation of the room, among other
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

10. 2- Eat and drink properly
Every organism requires fluids and
nutrients for survival. The nurse should be
aware of the type of diet and hydration,
according to the nutritional requirements of
the patient and the treatment ordered by the
doctor.
It should take into account the appetite and
mood, schedules and quantities, age and
weight, religious and cultural beliefs,
chewing and swallowing abilities, amongChinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

11. 3- Eliminate body wastes
Part of the proper functioning of the
body is the normal elimination of
feces, urine, sweat, phlegm and
menstruation.
The level of control and effectiveness
of the patient with respect to their
excretory functions must be well
known. This point includes the special
attention to the hygiene of the
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

12. 4-Move and maintain desirable postures
A patient will feel more or less
independent to the extent that he can move
on his own to carry out his day-to-day
activities.
The nurse must help the body mechanics
of the person and motivate him to perform
physical activity, exercises and sport .
When motivating you, you must take into
account the different limitations given by
the particular disease, treatment, therapy
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

13. 5- Sleep and rest
Rest is very important for the quick recovery
of the person. Every organism recovers
physical and mental forces while it sleeps.
The calm and uninterrupted rest of the
patient should be a priority, especially at
night.
You should know the rest habits and also the
difficulties to fall asleep, as sensitivities to
noise, lighting, temperature, among others.
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

14. 6- Select suitable clothes-dress and undress
Being able to select and wear
the clothing that is desired also
influences a patient's sense of
independence.
Clothing represents identity and
personality, but also protects
against the elements and cares
for individual privacy.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

15. 7- Maintain body temperature within
normal range by adjusting clothing and
modifying the environment
The normal body temperature is between 36.5
and 37 ° C. The nurse should be aware of the
factors that influence the patient's cold or heat.
The thermoregulation of the body is always
accompanied by changes of clothing, the use of
sheets and blankets, the opening of windows
and doors, drinking water, the use of fans or air
conditioners and even taking a shower.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

16. 8- Keep the body clean and well groomed
and protect the integument
 The way the patient's body is seen, felt and
smelled are external signs of his hygiene.
 This factor is not only a physiological
manifestation; in nursing it is also considered a
factor with a lot of psychological value.
 When bathing a person, the nurse should
consider the frequency of cleaning the body,
the means and utensils used, the level of
mobility and independence of the patient,
among other factors
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

17. 9.- Avoid hazards in the environment and
avoid endangering others
It is important to know and
evaluate very well if the patient
can be left alone for a long time,
with enough confidence that he will
not hurt himself when moving or
trying to carry out activities, nor
compromise the safety of others.
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

18. 10- Communicate emotions, needs,
fears and opinions
The nurse must be able to promote
and motivate healthy and proper
communication of the patient, to
help their emotional balance.
It is important that the person stays
in social interaction with others to
also guarantee mental health.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

19. 11- Act or react according to one's beliefs
You must respect the values and particular
beliefs of the patient. Based on these he makes
his decisions and exercises certain actions or
thoughts.
Culture and religion are part of the identity of
the person. This factor almost always
influences the attitude towards death.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

20. 12- Developed so that there is a sense of
achievement
It is important that the nurse
promotes in the patient the scope of
goals and achievements with their
own effort.
If a patient feels productive and
useful, he will have a sense of
personal fulfillment that willChinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

21. 13- Participate in recreational
activities or games
The health of the body and mind is
also achieved with activities that
entertain the patient.
The nurse must know the tastes and
interests of the person and motivate
him to participate in activities that are
motivating.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

22. 14- Learn, discover or satisfy personal curiosity
 This point is similar to the previous one, but it
is based on the sense of the mental productivity
of the person when acquiring new knowledge.
 Keeping the patient developing skills, skills and
knowledge is favorable for health.
 In the case of children or young patients, it is
important that they keep their academic studies
active as much as possible.Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

23. CONCLUSION
 When the patient was able to perform all the
functions by him or herself then the patient could
be considered independent and no longer required
the aid of a nurse.
 Virginia Henderson also believed that it was
important that nursing be based on evidence, and
that research was a critical component of improving
nursing practice. She believed all nurses should have
access to literature on nursing and current nursing
research to help better their practices, and to this
end, she worked to develop an index of nursing.
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety

24. THANK
Uuuuuuuuuu
Chinna Chadayan & Melba Sahaya Sweety