The document provides guidance on writing a research proposal. It discusses the key components of a research proposal including an introduction, objectives, methodology, budget, and dissemination plan. It emphasizes that a well-structured research proposal allows researchers to plan their study, receive feedback, and seek necessary approvals or funding. The proposal should convince readers that the research has significance and the methods are suitable to address the objectives.

1. WRITING A
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
PROF.DR.CHINNA CHADAYAN.N
RN.RM., B.SC (N)., M.SC (N)., PH.D (N).,
PROFESSOR,
ADULT AND ELDERLY HEALTH NURSING DEPARTMENT,
ENAM NURSING COLLEGE – SAVAR,
BANGLADESH.
1
1 yr M.Sc(N)
Unit - 7
Research Proposal
Presentation (Unit - 7) 1

2. 2
 INTRODUCTION Research Proposal
 A document that offers a solution to a problem or a
course of action in response to a need is known as
Proposal.
 A research proposal is an outline of the research idea,
which helps in communicating this idea to faculty or the
funding agency, so that an approved project can be
implemented.
 Development of the research proposal start when the
research problem is sufficiently specified to begin work
and the researcher is satisfied that the problem is feasible.
Research Proposal 2

3.  Research proposal serves strong foundation for the actual
research study, which is scheduled to be conducted after a
due approval by the experts from faculty or funding
agency.
 A well written research proposal should convince members of the
scientific community that the research is significant. The clearer and
more precise the research proposal, the smoother is the actual
conduct of a research project. In academic institution, the research
proposal is commonly known as synopsis.
Research Proposal 3

4. DEFINITION
Research Proposal
• It is a document written by a researcher that
provides a detailed description of the proposed
program.
• It is the outline of the entire research process.
• It is a written document specifying what the
investigator proposes to study.
Research Proposal 4

5. PURPOSES of
Research Proposal
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6. PURPOSES
• It gives an opportunity to think through the project.
• Provides an outline to guide through the research
process.
• Let department or faculty know about the plan
• Helps the department to choose an appropriate
supervisor.
• Gives an opportunity to receive feedback from
academic community as well as possible funder.
• Students submit proposal to their dissertation
committees for approval.
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7. •Research proposal also can be used to seek ethical
approval from the institutional, regional, or national
level research ethical committee.
•research proposal are generally submitted to a
scholarship committee or other funding agency to seek
the financial grants for implementations of the
research project.
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8. Developing
The Research Proposal
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9. Important information for writing
• Always structure the work in advance.
• Know what you want to say before writing.
• Every sentence must contain one idea only.
• Each sentence must follow logically from the
before: chain of ideas.
• Write in a way that is easy to read.
• Use simple language.
• Check spelling and grammar.
• Do not cut and paste from articles.
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10. Development of research proposal involves:-
Choosing a topic
Narrowing down and focusing on the topic
Formulating research objectives or questions and ideas for
analysis
Outlining the key literature in the topic area
Deciding on research methodology, research design, and
methods
Proposing an approach to data analysis
Proposing a format eg.how many chapters and suggested
chapter headings.
Developing a timeline
Developing a budget and resources required for the project
Organizing references and bibliography Research Proposal
Presentation (Unit - 7)
10

11. SELECT A
TOPIC
NARROWING
THE TOPIC
FORMULATING
RESEARCH
OBJECTIVE
OUTLINING THE
KEY LITERATURE
DECIDING ON
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
PLAN FOR DATA
ANALYSIS
PROPOSING A
FORMAT
DEVELOPING A
TIME LINE
PROCESS
Steps of RP
Research Proposal 11

12. PROPOSAL
CONTENT
TITLE
PERSONNEL
FACILITIES
BUDGET
ABSTRACT
METHODOLOGY CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
STATEMENT OF
PROBLEM.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE
PROBLEM.
BACKGROUND
OF PROBLEM.
OBJECTIVES
HYPOTHESIS
WORK
PLAN
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13. Research Proposal 13

14. A research proposal usually consists of the following elements
1.Tittle:-
This should be specific and precise. It should not
be more than two to three lines long, and should
indicate what one intends to do or find out.
For example, validation of an algorithm on
the management of urethral discharge in
CMCH, Ludhiana Punjab
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15. The title is usually only formulated after the
research problem and sub problems have been
stated in a more or less final format. The research
project title should demarcate the following;
⁂Who or /and what is researched
⁂Where
⁂When
⁂How
⁂An indication of the envisaged solution or
possible new product
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16. About Investigators
☻Full names, qualification, academic titles of all the
investigators, including trainees and their institutional
/departmental affiliation.
☻The principal/main investigator should be the first
one. If there are co-investigators, these should be
indicated as appropriate with their qualifications,
academic titles, and institutional affiliation.
☻Brief up to date curriculum vitae of each of the
investigators and co-investigators should be provided.
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17. Institutions under whose umbrella the research
project will be conducted
For example:
World health organization
College of nursing, Dhaka University
BNMC
Research Proposal 17

18. 2.Background information and introduction
This should include:
♫Areview of the relevant literature. It should be most
recent. (Majority being in the past 5-10 years at most)
♫Locally available information published or
unpublished. It may include clinical or laboratory
observations.
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19. Rationale/justification for the research project
 There should be a statement explaining why the
researcher feel the research project is important
and therefore should be carried out.
 It should not be more than a photograph or two.
Research Proposal 19

20. 3.Objectives of the study
Broad objectives: The man issues that are being looked at/for
are laid down in the broad objective.(e.g. survey the socio-
demographic and reproductive profiles of patients with acute
gonococcal urethritis)
Specific objectives: The specific issues that are being looked
at/for. These must be measurable either qualitatively or
quantitatively and from a guide to the research methodology,
data analysis, and presentation of results.
For instance:
‽To survey the age distribution of patients presenting with
acute gonococcal urethritis.
‽To assess the sexual behaviour of such patient.
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21. 4.Formulating hypotheses
Hypotheses give structure and direction to research.
The following aspects should be kept in mind when
formulating a hypotheses:
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22.  Hypotheses can only be formulated after the researcher
has gained enough knowledge regarding the nature,
extent, and intensity of the problem.
 Hypotheses should figure throughout the research process
in order to give structure to the research.
 Hypotheses are tentative statements/solutions or
explanations of the formulated problem. Care should be
taken not to oversimplify and generalize the formulation
of hypotheses.
 The research problem does not have to consist of one
hypothesis only. The type of problem area investigated and
the extent to which it enhances the research field are the
determining factors on how many hypotheses will be
included in the research proposal.
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23. 5.Methodology
It should provide relevant information on:
The type of research study: for eg. Randomized clinical trial,
descriptive, cross-sectional etc. This should reflect exactly what the
researchers intend to do.
Location of study/study settings: Where the study is going to be
conducted. All the area in/at which the survey/study will be carried out
must be indicated.
Study population: The subjects who are to be included in the study or
from which group of people of the study group going to be drawn, for
example staff nurses at the Enam Medical Hospital Pvt Ltd, Dhaka.
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24. Study period: The entire period of the study including
preparation of the proposal, submission and approval, training,
pretesting, data collection,
If the study is in phases each must be specified and the time
for each given.
Sample size:
•Details on the sample size and how it has been arrived
at/worked out.
•Its justification
•The selection/inclusion/exclusion criteria. For e.g.:- every
10th client, randomized, every patient who consent.
•The need for, and type of, consent must be specified, and how
it will be obtained. For e.g.:- written or verbal consent
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25. Data collection: the following details should be provided:-
•What information is going to be looked for/collected?
•How that is going to be done(e.g. Laboratory test or with
provision of appropriate details)?
•Requirements for the study should be listed (e.g. reagents,
culture media, or blood samples and their relevant tests).
•It should include the names of the people who will takes
responsibility for each of the aspects of data collection(e.g.
who will draw blood perform the tests, do the physical
examination, interview the study group etc)
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26. Data management and analysis:-
•Details should be provided on how the collected data is going
to be managed(e.g. coding)
•Details on data analysis such as the computer package to be
used in data entry and analysis. For examples SPSS 25, EPI-
INFO 6.0 e.t.c
•The type of statistical test to be used, for e.g. regression
analysis or student ‘t’test of significance
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27. Results presentation: Abrief explanation of the format of the
results as they will be presented,
for example:-
1. Pie chart
2. Histograms
3. Line graphs
4. Tables
Research Proposal 27

28. Dissemination of the results:-
•Indicate the person or institution to whom the report
is going to be submitted and why.
•How does/do the investigator propose to disseminate
their research findings, such as
 -attendance at local, regional, or
international conference/ seminars,
workshops
 -holding of a dissemination seminar/ workshop
 -publications in peer-reviewed journals etc
Research Proposal
Presentation (Unit - 7)
28

29. 6.Ethical consideration
•What ethical issues need to be addressed?
•How are they going to be addressed?
•This should include protection of human subjects (client
rights).
Possible constraints
•Any envisaged problems in undertaking the study
•How these will be addressed, by whom, and when?
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30. Requirements: details should be provided on the
requirements of the research project, for example:
 Personnel: All the people who will be involved
and their individual roles
 Training: of whom, why, when, where, by
whom Paper: for the questionnaires, report
etc Transport: what form and for what
 Reagents: which, how much of each, for what,
their source
 Space: how that will be obtained, where, when
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31. 7.Budgetary estimate
⸙Each lines item should be quantified in monetary
terms.
⸙The investigator should indicate the amount to be
asked for and for what the institution under which the
research project will be conducted will contribute.
⸙Each item should be quantified, if possible. If it is not
possible (e.g. premises or space), it should just be
mentioned as an institutional contribution. However,
small the institutional contribution is, it should be
indicated.
⸙Subtotals for each group should be indicated and then
the grand total.
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32. JUSTIFICATION OF THE BUDGET
The investigators must indicate how they arrived at
the amount of money being asked for, and how it is
going to be disbursed.
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33. Research Proposal 33

34.  The research proposal formally describes the research
process for the proposed problem statement.
 A well written research proposal ensures that scholars have
done sufficient preliminary work in the research committee
of the organisation/ university/ funding agency.
 While writing the proposal the researcher should aim to
convince the research committee that the proposal has
scientific merit and that she has identified the
methodology best suited to carry out the proposed study
within the given time frame and resources.
Research Proposal 34

35. Research Proposal 35