3.
HEALTH ILLNESS CONTINUM
Individual health is continuously changed.
Move from health to illness and back to
health again.
Health illness continuum illustrate this
process of change.
CONTENT
4.
This process range from extremely good health
to death.
Health & illness/ disease opposite ends of a
health continuum.
Good
Health
Normal
Health
Illness
High
Level
Wellness
Death
5.
1. Socio – economic status
2. Education
3. Physical Environment
4. Job prospects & employment conditions
The impacts of following
determinants to health.
6.
5. Support from people around
6. Culture
7. Genetic inheritance
8. Personal habits
9. Access and use of health services
10. Gender
7.
1. Socio – economic status
. It is easy for the people to enjoy good health if
their socio-economical statuses are high. .poor's
face a lot of difficulties due to poor socio-
economical status.
2. Education
.Level of education plays a vital role in the
health status of individuals.
8.
3. Physical environment
.The physical environment should be free from
hazards.
Ex - pure air to breath clean
& safe water to drink.
4. Job prospect & employment conditions
.The people who are employed are more likely
to enjoy better health than people who are un
employed.
9.
Sometimes occupational hazards can occur due
to lack of consideration regarding the safety of
employees.
5. Support from people around
We all live in a very busy & competitive world
today.
To meet with the challenges of the new society
we need constant support from all people
around us.
10.
6. Culture
. The cultural beliefs & Practices can affect health
of a society.
7. Genetic inheritance
. Many disease conditions have a genetic aspect.
Ex – down syndrome.
11.
8. Personal habits
All people have developed various types of habits.
Ex - Good habits
Maintaing personal
Hygiene
Having adequate rest & sleep.
Bad habits
Smoking
(Taking) alcohol consumption
12.
All the above mentioned habits play an
important role on our physical & mental health.
9. Gender
Gender also plays an important role In general
health of people.
Ex - sex linked disease hemophilia – Male affect
famale carrier
14.
As human beings we all have different types
of needs.
Need is something that is essential for
survival of humans, when needs are met it
easy for the people to maintain emotional &
psychological health.
Basic Human Needs
15.
Physical needs includes all the physiologic
processes in the body such as breathing,
controlling , temperature , circulation ,
elimination ,intake &out put of fluids & food.
Emotion needs include the feeling of a person
such as happiness , joy, contentment , and
appreciation.
Physical Needs
16.
Environment needs include housing , climate
, neighborhood which create physical
surrounding of the people.
Environment Needs
17.
These needs would include higher mental
processes such as thinking , learning problem
solving and decision marking.
Intellectual Needs
18.
People need love and acceptance of other people.
Spiritual needs
Spiritual needs deal with the person’s values
and beliefs and fulfilling those needs would
give courage to the patient to face difficult
situations.
Socio –cultural Needs
19.
Abraham Maslow (1868-1954)
This hierarchy of needs is often arranged in
the shape of pyramid, with the largest and
most fundamental levels of need at the
bottom & the need for self actualization at the
top.
Describe the basic human needs
Maslow’s hierarchy of human
needs
21.
The most basic needs that are vital to
survival. Such as air , water , foods, clothing
shelter ,elimination , sexuality physical
activity and rest.
Physiological needs
22.
When individuals are relatively satisfied
with fulfilling their physiological needs they
strive for safety and security needs.
Love & belonging needs
After physiological & safety needs are
fulfilled, the 3rd layer of human needs is love
and belongings.
Safety & security needs
23.
This is social needs ,a person expects to
establish a meaningful interpersonal
relationship with others.
Self esteem needs
Self esteem need is the need for a person to
feel good about her or him self to be proud
and to have a sense of achievement or
accomplishment & to believe others also
think & respect about him.
24.
Basic principles by Virginia Henderson
She was born in kasas city of missouri of in
1897.
She has started her nursing carrier as a visitor
nurse & then started teaching.
A member of the faculty of Colombia
university.
She has done grate service to nursing
profession.
25.
1. Breath normally.
2. Eat & drink adequately.
3. Eliminate body waste.
4. Move & maintain desirable postures.
5. Sleep and rest.
6. Select suitable clothes – dress and undress.
7. Maintain body temperature within normal
range by adjusting clothing &modifying
environment.
14 basic principles by Virginia Henderson
26.
8. keep the body clean and well groomed &
protect the envernment.
9. Avoid dangers in the environment &avoid
injuring others.
10. Communicate with others in expressing
emotion, needs fears or opinions.
11. Worship according to one’s faith.
12. Work in such way that there is a sense of
accomplishment
13. Play or participate in various form of
recreation.
27.
14. Learn, discover or satisfy the curiosity that leads to
normal development &health &use the available
health facilities.
International council of Nurses code of
ethics.
It is the world’s first and widest reaching
international organization for health
professionals. ICN is operated by nurses
&they lead nurses for internationally.
28.
Nurses render health services to the
individual, the family, the community and co-
ordinate their services with those of related
groups.
1. Nurses &People.
The nurses 'primary responsibility is to
those people who require nursing care.
2. Nurses & practice.
The nurse carries personal
responsibility for nursing practice & for
maintaining competence by continual learning.
29.
3. Nurses and society.
The nurse shares with other citizens the
responsibility for initiating &supporting action
to meet the health &social needs of the public.
4. Nurses and co-workers.
The nurse sustains a co-operative
relationship with co-workers in nursing &other
field.
30.
5. Nurse & the profession.
The nurse plays a major role in
determining &implementing desirable
standards of nursing practice and nursing
education.
6. Legal issues in Nursing.
As professional all nurses should be well
aware of that law is &how it affects the practice
of nursing profession.
