Heat emergencies like heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and heatstroke can occur when the body is unable to regulate its temperature, often due to prolonged exposure to heat and dehydration from heavy sweating. Risk factors include being overweight, drinking alcohol, and age-related difficulties with temperature regulation. To treat heat exhaustion, move to a cool place, loosen clothes, apply cool towels, and drink water. Heatstroke requires emergency medical help, as it can cause organ damage and death. Prevention methods include wearing loose clothing, resting in shade, staying hydrated, and avoiding strenuous activity during hot weather.
Learn what to do with many Cold Weather Injuries such as Hypothermia, Frostbite, Frostnip, Trenchfoot, Immersion Foot, Chilblains. I give a lot of First Aid Information.
Learn what to do with many Cold Weather Injuries such as Hypothermia, Frostbite, Frostnip, Trenchfoot, Immersion Foot, Chilblains. I give a lot of First Aid Information.
Heat stroke - medical information (prevn, treat,etc)martinshaji
Heatstroke is a condition caused by your body overheating, usually as a result of prolonged exposure to or physical exertion in high temperatures. This most serious form of heat injury, heatstroke, can occur if your body temperature rises to 104 F (40 C) or higher. The condition is most common in the summer months. this slideshare is all about prevention , treatment , causes & all about heat stroke .
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Emergency Preparedness How to Assist a Person in Heat Stroke Crisis.pptxAnanya Sharma
Heat stroke is the most serious heat-related illness. It occurs when the body can no longer control its temperature: the body's temperature rises rapidly, the sweating mechanism fails, and the body is unable to cool down. When heat stroke occurs, the body temperature can rise to 106°F or higher within 10 to 15 minutes.
Heat stroke - medical information (prevn, treat,etc)martinshaji
Heatstroke is a condition caused by your body overheating, usually as a result of prolonged exposure to or physical exertion in high temperatures. This most serious form of heat injury, heatstroke, can occur if your body temperature rises to 104 F (40 C) or higher. The condition is most common in the summer months. this slideshare is all about prevention , treatment , causes & all about heat stroke .
please comment
thank u
Emergency Preparedness How to Assist a Person in Heat Stroke Crisis.pptxAnanya Sharma
Heat stroke is the most serious heat-related illness. It occurs when the body can no longer control its temperature: the body's temperature rises rapidly, the sweating mechanism fails, and the body is unable to cool down. When heat stroke occurs, the body temperature can rise to 106°F or higher within 10 to 15 minutes.
at this summer season many people are working in outdoor in construction and drilling sites the heat stress is one of the risks that this population are facing , take extrem precautions
this slide contain inteoduction, definition, causes, risk factor, clinical manifestaion, types , treatment, medical management, nursing management, nursing care given in the intial stage, in case of emergency .
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Adv. biopharm. APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMSAkankshaAshtankar
MIP 201T & MPH 202T
ADVANCED BIOPHARMACEUTICS & PHARMACOKINETICS : UNIT 5
APPLICATION OF PHARMACOKINETICS : TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS By - AKANKSHA ASHTANKAR
CDSCO and Phamacovigilance {Regulatory body in India}NEHA GUPTA
The Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) is India's national regulatory body for pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Operating under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India, the CDSCO is responsible for approving new drugs, conducting clinical trials, setting standards for drugs, controlling the quality of imported drugs, and coordinating the activities of State Drug Control Organizations by providing expert advice.
Pharmacovigilance, on the other hand, is the science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems. The primary aim of pharmacovigilance is to ensure the safety and efficacy of medicines, thereby protecting public health.
In India, pharmacovigilance activities are monitored by the Pharmacovigilance Programme of India (PvPI), which works closely with CDSCO to collect, analyze, and act upon data regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Together, they play a critical role in ensuring that the benefits of drugs outweigh their risks, maintaining high standards of patient safety, and promoting the rational use of medicines.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. Heat emergencies are health crises caused by exposure to hot weather and sun.
Why Do Heat Emergencies Happen?
Heat emergencies usually occur when someone has exercised too much in hot weather. Being
confined or trapped in a place that heats up, such as a car, is also a cause of heat emergencies
Heat emergencies are more common in:
people who are overweight
people who have been drinking alcohol
older adults
children
These risk factors are due to difficulty regulating the internal
body temperature.
3. • Heat emergencies are easily preventable by taking precautions in hot
weather. If the problem isn't addressed, heat cramps (caused by loss
of salt from heavy sweating) can lead to heat exhaustion (caused by
dehydration), which can progress to heatstroke
Heatstroke, the most serious of the three, can cause shock, brain
damage, organ failure, and even death.
5. Caution
If there is extensive blistering, or other skin damage,
seek medical advice
Sings of sunburn Recognition
1. Reddened skin
2. Pain in the area of the burn
3. Later there may be Blistering of the affected skin
6. First Aid to Sun Burn:
1- Cover the casualty’s skin with light clothing or a towel. Help her
move out of the sun or, if at all possible, indoors.
2- Encourage the casualty to have frequent sips of cold water. Cool the
affected skin by dabbing with cold water. If the area is extensive,
the casualty may prefer to soak the affected skin in a cold bath for
ten minutes.
3- If the burns are mild, calamine or an after-sun lotion may soothe
them. Advise the casualty to stay inside or in the shade. If sunburn
is severe, seek medical advice.
7. Sunburn can be prevented by:
staying in the shade
wearing protective clothing
Regularly applying high sun protection factor sunscreen
or sun block.
Most sunburn is superficial; in severe cases, the skin is lobster-red
and blistered. In addition, the casualty may suffer from heat
exhaustion or heatstroke.
8. Heat Exhaustion
• This disorder is caused by loss of salt and water from the body through
excessive sweating (water depletion & sodium depletion)
It usually develops gradually and often affects people who are not acclimatized
to hot, humid conditions. People who are unwell, especially those with illnesses
that cause vomiting and diarrhea, are more susceptible than others to
developing heat exhaustion.
Salt depletion heat exhaustion tends to occur in unacclimatized individuals who
replace fluid losses with large amounts of hypotonic solutions.
Heat Exhaustion
9. Heat Exhaustion :
Symptoms of heat exhaustion include:
• Muscle cramps
• Dizziness
• Mild confusion
• Fast heart rate or breathing
• Headache
• Irritability
• Extreme thirst
• Nausea or vomiting
• Pale skin
• Heavy sweating
• Fainting
10.
11. 1. Help the casualty to a cool, shady place. Get him to lie down and
raise and support his legs to improve blood flow to his brain.
2. Give him plenty of water to drink. Oral rehydration salts or
isotonic drinks will help with salt replacement.
3. Monitor and record vital signs—level of response, breathing, and
pulse. Even if the casualty recovers quickly, advise him to seek
medical help.
4. If the casualty’s vital signs worsen, call 062122 for emergency
help. Monitor and record vital signs—level of response, breathing,
and pulse while you are waiting for help to arrive.
First Aid to Heat Exhaustion
12. • Heat Exhaustion
• To treat heat exhaustion, you should:
• Move to a cooler area, out of direct sunlight.
• Loosen clothing.
• Apply cool, wet towels to your face, neck, chest, and limbs.
• Have someone fan your skin.
• Drink cool water or sports drinks every 15 minutes.
• Don’t drink too quickly.
13. Heat Stroke
• A medical emergency, this condition is caused by a failure of the
“thermostat” in the brain to regulate body temperature.
• The body becomes dangerously overheated, usually due to a high fever or
prolonged exposure to heat.
• Heatstroke can develop with little warning, resulting in unconsciousness
within minutes of the casualty feeling unwell.
Heat Stroke
14.
15.
16.
17. Caution
• If the casualty loses consciousness, and is not breathing (or is just gasping),
begin CPR with chest compressions.
• Recognition: (signs and symptoms )
1. Headache, dizziness, and discomfort.
2. Restlessness and confusion.
3. Hot, flushed, and dry skin.
4. Rapid deterioration in the level of response.
5. Full, bounding pulse.
6. Body temperature above 40°C.
18. 1. Quickly move the casualty to a cool place. Remove as much of his outer
clothing as possible. Call 062122 for emergency help.
2. While waiting for emergency help, assist the casualty to sit down, supported
with cushions. The best way to cool the casualty is to spray him with water
and then fan him, repeatedly. A cold, wet sheet may also work, and ice packs
in the armpits and groin may be affective.
3. Once the casualty’s temperature appears to have returned to normal, replace
the wet sheet with a dry one.
First Aid to Heat Stoke
19. First Aid to Heat Stoke
o Heatstroke is a life-threatening emergency. Call 911 or go to an emergency room
immediately. In the meantime:
o Move the person to a cooler area, out of direct sunlight.
o Loosen clothing.
o Remove any sweaty clothing.
o Apply cool, wet towels to the face, neck, chest, and limbs.
o Apply ice, if you have it, to the underarms, wrists, and groin.
o Fan the person’s skin.
o Offer cool water or sports drinks every 15 minutes if the person is conscious.
o Monitor and record vital signs—level of response, breathing, pulse, and temperature while
waiting for help. If the casualty’s temperature rises again, repeat the cooling process.
20. Call 9-1-1 if :
The person loses consciousness at anytime
There is any other change in the person's alertness (for example,
confusion or seizures)
Fever (temp above 104 degrees Fahrenheit)
The person shows signs of shock (bluish lips and fingernails and
decreased alertness)
Other symptoms of heat stroke are present (like rapid pulse or
rapid breathing)
The person's condition does not improve, or worsens despite
treatment
21. How Can Heat Emergencies Be Prevented?
1. Wear loose-fitting, lightweight clothing in hot weather.
2. Rest frequently and seek shade when possible.
3. Avoid exercise or strenuous physical activity outside during hot or
humid weather.
4. Drink plenty of fluids every day. Drink more fluids before, during, and
after physical activity.
5. Be especially careful to avoid overheating if you are taking drugs that
impair heat regulation, or if you are overweight or elderly.