The document discusses different definitions and concepts of health over time. It defines health according to WHO as a state of complete physical, mental, social and spiritual well-being, not just the absence of disease. Health is viewed as a dynamic state of adaptation and adjustment. More recently, health is seen as influenced by various social, economic and environmental factors in a holistic sense. Illness is defined as an abnormal response to disease that impairs one's level of functioning.
concept of health & Illness, health illness continum, prevention and its levels, body defence, health care team, health care delivery system, health care agencies
This topic is related to sociology...
It is very useful for B.Sc. nursing students....
In this ppt include detail about society, community, difference between society and community, personal disorganization etc.
One of the important assumption in health care is psychology of individual plays an important role either in the development of or recovery from diseases.
http://www.helpwithassignment.com/
A health assessment is a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of a person and how those needs will be addressed by the healthcare system or skilled nursing facility. Health assessment is the evaluation of the health status by performing a physical exam after taking a health history.
Health is referred to as not just the lack of illness or infirmity, but also total physical, emotional, and societal well-being
There are various changing concept of health which are:
Biomedical Concept
Ecological Concept
Psychosocial Concept
Holistic Concept
Health concepts are crucial to understand because they affect a person's ability to take care of themselves and control their health, which may help relieve the pressure on healthcare services.
Come and discover to understand the Concepts of Health!!
concept of health & Illness, health illness continum, prevention and its levels, body defence, health care team, health care delivery system, health care agencies
This topic is related to sociology...
It is very useful for B.Sc. nursing students....
In this ppt include detail about society, community, difference between society and community, personal disorganization etc.
One of the important assumption in health care is psychology of individual plays an important role either in the development of or recovery from diseases.
http://www.helpwithassignment.com/
A health assessment is a plan of care that identifies the specific needs of a person and how those needs will be addressed by the healthcare system or skilled nursing facility. Health assessment is the evaluation of the health status by performing a physical exam after taking a health history.
Health is referred to as not just the lack of illness or infirmity, but also total physical, emotional, and societal well-being
There are various changing concept of health which are:
Biomedical Concept
Ecological Concept
Psychosocial Concept
Holistic Concept
Health concepts are crucial to understand because they affect a person's ability to take care of themselves and control their health, which may help relieve the pressure on healthcare services.
Come and discover to understand the Concepts of Health!!
Concept of Health and Diseases- B.Pharm Semester 7vedanshu malviya
health is a state of bodily equilibrium while disease is a state of homeostatic failure. But the process of human growth as Boorse observed is itself leading to homeostatic disequilibrium . Value: disease is undesirable while health is desirable. Health is thus a social value in human society.
INTRODUCTION
Understanding of health is basic of all health are.
Health cannot be perceived the same way by all the members of community including various professional groups (e.g. – biomedical scientist, social science specialist, health administrator, ecologist, etc) giving rise to confusion about the concept of health.
Health has evolved over the centuries as a concept for an individual concern to a worldwide social goal and encompasses the whole quality of life.
A brief account of the changing concepts of health is as follows,
1.BIOMEDICAL CONCEPT
Traditionally health has been viewed as an absence of disease and if one was free from disease then the person was considered healthy. This concept known as “biomedical concept” has the basis in the germ theory of disease, which eliminated medical thought at the turn of the 20th century.
The medical profession viewed the human body as a machine, disease as a consequence of breakdown of the machine and one of the doctor’s tasks as repair the machine. Thus, health in this narrow view became the ultimate goal of medicine.
The criticism that is levelled against the biomedical concept is that it has minimised the role of the environmental, social, psychological and cultural determinants of health.
The biomedical model, for all its spectacular success in treating disease was found inadequate to solve some of the major health problems of mankind (e.g. – malnutrition, chronic disease, mental illness, environmental pollution, population explosion) by elaborating the medical technologies.
Development in medical and social sciences led to conclusion that the biomedical concept of health was inadequate.
2.ECOLOGICAL CONCEPT
Deficiencies in the biomedical concept gave rise to other concepts.
The ecologist put forward an attractive hypothesis which viewed health as a dynamic equilibrium between maladjustment of the human organism to environment.
Dubos defined health saying, “Health implies the relative absence of pain and discomfort and a continuous adaptation and adjustment to the environment to ensure optimal function”.
Human ecological and cultural adaptations to determine not only the occurrence of disease but also the availability of food and population explosion.
The ecological concept raises two issues, viz. imperfect man and imperfect enviroment.
History argues strongly that improvement in human adaptation to natural environment can lead to longer life expectancy and a better quality of life even in absence of modern health delivery system
3.PSYCHOSOCIAL CONCEPT
Contemporary development in social sciences revealed that health is not only a biomedical phenomenon but one which is influenced by social, psychological, economic and political factors of the people concern.
The factors must be taken into consideration in defining and measuring health and both a biological and social phenomenon.
4.HOLISTIC CONCEPT
The holistic concept model is a synthesis of all the above concept.
Concept Of Health
• Health is the common theme in most Cultures. In fact all
communities have their Concepts of health as part of their
culture. Among definitions still used, Probably the oldest is
that health is the absence of disease, In some culture health
& harmony are Considered equivalent, harmony being
defined as being at peace with the self the community goal
& cosmos. The ancient Indians & Greeks Shared this
concept & attributed disease to disturbances in bodily
equilibrium of what they called humors.
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R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
One of the most developed cities of India, the city of Chennai is the capital of Tamilnadu and many people from different parts of India come here to earn their bread and butter. Being a metropolitan, the city is filled with towering building and beaches but the sad part as with almost every Indian city
Navigating the Health Insurance Market_ Understanding Trends and Options.pdfEnterprise Wired
From navigating policy options to staying informed about industry trends, this comprehensive guide explores everything you need to know about the health insurance market.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
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The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
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CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
4. Health :
• Health means different things to different
people, depending in the situation.
• Level of functional metabolic efficiency
of a living organism
• Good health is a prerequisite of human
productive and developmental process.
5. In 1948 the world health organization (WHO)defines
health as,
“A state of complete physical,
mental, social, spiritual wellbeing
and not merely absence of disease or
infirmity”
6. “ Dynamic state in which the
individual adapts to changes in
internal and external environments to
maintain a state of well being “
(Potter and Perry- 2014)
7. “Health as a state of being well and
using every power the individual
possesses to the fullest extent”
(Nightingale ,1960/1969)
8. Health is evolved over the centuries as a concept
from individual concern to world wide social goal
and encompasses the whole quality of life.
Changing concept of health till now are,
Biomedical concept
Ecological concept
Psychosocial concept
Holistic concept
9.
10. Traditionally, health has been viewed as an “absence
of disease”, and if one was free from disease, then the
person was considered healthy.
The medical profession viewed the human body as a
machine, disease as a consequence of the breakdown
of the machine and one of the doctor’s task as repair
of the machine.
11.
12. Form ecological point of view; health is viewed as a
dynamic equilibrium between human being and
environment, and disease a maladjustment of the
human organism to environment.
According to Dubos “Health implies the relative
absence of pain and discomfort and a continuous
adaptation and adjustment to the environment to
ensure optimal function.”
The ecological concept raises two issues, viz.
imperfect man and imperfect environment.
13. According to psychosocial concept ,
“health is not only biomedical
phenomenon, but is influenced by social,
psychological, cultural, economic and
political factors of the people concerned.”
14.
15. This concept is the synthesis all the above concepts.
It recognizes the strength of social, economic ,
political and environmental influences on health.
It described health as a unified or multidimensional
process involving the wellbeing of whole person in
context of his environment .
17. Illness : An illness is the response ,the
person has to disease .
It is an abnormal process in which the
persons level of functioning is changed
compared with a previous level.
18. Persons physical ,emotional, intellectual , social,
developmental or spiritual functioning is diminished or
impaired.
Illness is highly subjective ; only the individual person
can say he or she is ill.
Can be acute or chronic
20. Disease can be described as an alternation in body
functions resulting in reduction of capacities or a
shortening of the normal life span.
The causation of the disease called Etiology.
21. State of wellbeing.
“Well being is a subjective perception of vitality and
feeling well…..can be described objectively,
experienced, and measured …..and can be plotted on a
continuum”
(Hood and Leddy,2003)