This document provides information and instructions for several assignments in an HCS 465 health care research course. It includes assignments on researching the research process and methods, sampling methodologies, components of a research study, research ethics and validity, and an ethical scenario involving a company using patient DNA without consent. Students are instructed to complete worksheets, annotated bibliographies, and presentations on these topics, citing peer-reviewed sources and following APA style guidelines. The course aims to help students understand and apply key concepts in health care research.

1. HCS 465 Assignment Week 1 Research Process and Methods
(New Syllabus)
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 1 Research Process and Methods
Research the common steps to the research process used in health care
research.
Review steps covered in Understanding and Conducting Research in the
Health Sciences this Assignment Week, other readings, and resources,
including the Methods Map Visual Search Tool in the University
Library.
Complete the Research Process and Methods worksheet.
Cite 3 peer-reviewed or scholarly references.
Format your reference section and references used in your prompts and
chart according to APA guidelines. Include a title page at the beginning
of your worksheet.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
Research Process and Methods

2. Research the common steps to the research process used in health care
research.
Review steps covered in the textbook this Assignment Week, other
readings, and resources, including the Methods Map Visual Search Tool
in the University Library.
Complete the sections below.
Part 1
List and explain the steps in the research process (50 to 100 words each)
Part 2
Answer the following prompt in 50 to 100 words.
• Explain the difference between a research question and a
hypothesis.
Part 3
List and provide a brief description of three types of qualitative and
quantitative research designs (50 to 100 words each).

3. Answer the following prompt in 50 to 100 words:
• Explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative
research methodologies.
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 2 Administrative Health Care
Annotated Bibliography (New Syllabus)
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 2 Administrative Health Care Annotated
Bibliography
Use the University Library to locate peer-reviewed research articles
related to a research study about health or health care issues, concerns,
or trends.
§ The research article must describe a research study, not an editorial or
brief.
§ The research study must be based in the United States from 2010 to
the present.
§ It is recommended that you select health topics of interest to you or
your job, with no complex statistical analyses.

4. Review the Researching Articles in the University Library Tutorial for
help finding articles. All selected articles must come from the UOP
library.
The steps in a library search are:
1. Go to the Library tab.
2. Click on the University Library link.
3. Enter your topic in the box labeled ‘enter search terms.’
4. Make sure both the full text and peer review boxes are checked
5. Click search
Select at least 3 peer-reviewed articles to use to complete an annotated
bibliography. The 3 research articles can be based on the same or
different topics. Topic ideas can include (but not limited to):
§ Adolescent obesity (select different geographic locales: urban vs
rural)
§ Infection rates among ICU patients
§ Readmission rates for congestive heart failure patients
§ Patient satisfaction or patient experience of care
§ Population health management in diabetes care
§ Care coordination or care continuum
§ Patient safety or quality management

5. § Cancer screening compliance, such as mammography, colonoscopy,
or Pap smear
Complete the annotated bibliography based on the 3 articles you selected
from the University Library.
Review the sample annotated bibliography provided by the University
Library. Include the following for each bibliography:
§ Summarize the research study in your own words (150 words)
§ Include the major areas of the research study, such as the sample,
geographic location, and the outcome.
§ Bibliographies should not include any direct quotes or in-text citation.
Note: One of the research articles you select will be used in the
Assignment Week Three Learning Team assignment, Components of a
Research Study.
Format your assignment according to APA guidelines. Remember to
alphabetize your annotated bibliography. Include a title page at the
beginning of your bibliography.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 2 Sampling Methodologies (New
Syllabus)
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 2 Sampling Methodologies
Research the sampling methodologies used in health care research
covered in Understanding and Conducting Research in the Health
Sciences this Assignment Week and other readings and resources.
Review the Methods Map Visual Search Tool from Assignment Week
One to help guide your research.
Complete the Sampling Methodologies worksheet.
Cite 3 peer-reviewed or scholarly references.
Format your reference section and references used in your prompts and
chart according to APA guidelines. Include a title page at the beginning
of your worksheet.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 3 Components of a Research
Study
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 3 Components of a Research Study
As a team, review and select one peer-reviewed article from the
Assignment Week Two Administrative Health Care Annotated

7. Bibliography assignment. Prior to selecting the article, review the
Questions to Prompt Critical Thinking worksheet to ensure you have
selected an article that is most appropriate for completing the prompts
provided.
Each team member is responsible for reading the research article. In the
team forum, discuss the research study and different steps or
components addressed in the study.
Complete the Questions to Prompt Critical Thinking worksheet.
Cite the peer-reviewed article you selected for this assignment.
Format your reference section and references used in your prompts
according to APA guidelines. Include a title page at the beginning of
your worksheet.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
Questions to Prompt Critical Thinking
Complete the following worksheet. Remember to delete the examples
provided as you compose a response to each prompt.
Research Steps
1. Define the problem.
1. What is the problem identified in your chosen article?
Example: the Ebola outbreak and its prevalence in West African nations
1. Why is it a problem?

8. Example: Ebola is a disease that is contracted from… Its symptoms
are… (x) amount of people die each year… This is a problem because…
1. What is the problem that the article or study is trying to resolve?
Example: Ebola has spread among the West African people because
of… This research seeks to identify solutions that will prevent it from
spreading among the African people.
1. Why is the problem important for health care administrators to
study?
The research article may not identify a specific reason the research is
important to health care administrators. That is okay. Write about why a
health care administrator would want to study this topic. How could
knowledge of this topic help you as a health care administrator?
Example: As an assistant manager of a nursing home, I know that many
of the residents have watched the news reports on the Ebola outbreak in
Africa and its potential outbreak in the United States. Because I know
little about the disease and knowing the concern that the reporting of this
disease has brought on the residents of the nursing home, I felt that it
was my responsibility to know more about the disease and how to
prevent its spread. Providing the residents with this knowledge can go a
long way toward calming their fears and enabling them and their
caregivers to take measures to prevent any outbreak.
1. Identify the purpose.
1. What is the purpose of the study?
2. What is the author trying to accomplish in this paper?
If the answers to these questions are not expressly stated in the article,
consider its entirety and then write what you think the answers are.

9. Example: The purpose of the study was to create awareness of the Ebola
outbreak, to provide statistical data to give an accurate account of the
scope of the outbreak, and to identify known methods to minimize
exposure, recognize symptoms, and prevent outbreaks.
1. What are the study variables?
1. What are the independent and dependent study variables?
Independent variables represent ‘inputs’ and can have any value.
Dependent variables represent ‘outputs’ or ‘effects.’
Example: The study collected data that observed changes in the number
of people becoming infected by the Ebola virus by varying amounts of
education/awareness being facilitated by the American Red Cross. The
amount of education/awareness given by the American Red Cross is the
independent variable while the number of people who were or were not
infected after public awareness efforts is the dependent variable.
1. Identify the research question and/or hypothesis.
1. Was a research question or hypothesis provided in the article? If
so, what? If not, why?
2. What was the answer to the research question? Was the hypothesis
accepted or rejected?
Example: The initial research question may be: What is the prevalence
of Ebola in the West African nations after a new Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) protocol was implemented? The research
explains in depth the living conditions that exist in the West African
nations and why the disease is so prevalent. It further identifies and
explains existing research conducted by the CDC that confirms the

10. medical community awareness of the disease and established protocol to
prevent it. The hypothesis can be: There is no statistically significant
difference in Ebola prevalence after the CDC protocol was implemented.
Research Methodology, Design, and Analyses
1. Was the research qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods?
Explain.
2. What population or sample was studied?
3. What was the sampling method and type?
4. How long did the study take?
5. How was the data collected?
6. What type of statistical analysis was used?
Example: The research used quantitative data collected by the American
Red Cross, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. Data collection
occurred over a five-year period with help from six West African
governments. The data tracked 100 residents from each country and
monitored the spread of the disease among the citizens. Data analyses
analyzed disease prevalence for decreases. Depending on Ebola
prevalence, the research question can be answered. If Ebola prevalence
decreased after implementing the CDC protocol, the hypothesis would
be rejected.
Findings
1. What were the findings?
2. Were the research questions or hypotheses addressed?

11. Conclusion
1. What were the recommendations?
2. Are the findings relevant to consumers or health care professionals
or both?
3. How could you as a health care administrator use the information
within this article?
Example: The reporting of the Ebola outbreak in West Africa caused
global panic, but also brought awareness of its cause and measure that
can be taken to prevent its spread. The research conducted… As a health
care administrator, I can use the information to…
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 4 Research Ethics and Validity
(New Syllabus)
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 4 Research Ethics and Validity
Using the University Library, locate one peer-reviewed research study
with possible ethical concerns. You may use a research study you
identified in the Assignment Week Two Annotated Bibliography
assignment if appropriate but not the same article used in the
Assignment Week Three Learning Team assignment.

12. Review ethical principles learned this Assignment Week. When you
select your article, consider the possible ethical issues in the research
process: sampling, methodology, data collection, etc. The focus should
be on the research study, not the health issue.
Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper addressing the following:
§ Summarize the research study.
§ Identify possible ethical issues within the research study.
§ Explain how the ethical concerns can influence the research
outcomes.
§ Define validity as it relates to the research study.
§ Hint: Review previous learning activities for key validity concepts,
including internal and external validity and associated threats to validity.
§ Discuss the importance of research design validity and how research
bias can impact validity.
§ Hint: Research how design validity and instrumentation validity are
different concepts.
§ Discuss how stakeholders can externally influence health care
research.
§ Include possible ethical concerns.
Cite at least 3 peer-reviewed scholarly references.
Format your assignment and references according to APA guidelines.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.

13. ==============================================
HCS 465 Assignment Week 5 Ethical Scenario (Company
Uses Patients DNA) (New Syllabus)
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HCS 465 Assignment Week 5 Ethical Scenario
Select one of the ethical scenarios listed below:
§ A company uses patient DNA for research without the patient’s
knowledge or consent.
§ Management invites researchers onto a health care research project
who do not have the Institutional Review Board’s (IRB) approval or
exemption.
§ An oncology clinical trials coordinator selects a relative for a research
study who has the cancer under investigation. The relative is placed in
the group receiving the experimental drug.
§
Identify at least 3 peer-reviewed research articles that relate to the
ethical concerns of the chosen scenario or to the process step at which
ethical issues may have begun.

14. In the Learning Team discussion board, discuss the scenario as a team. It
may be helpful to also consider opposing viewpoints as you discuss the
scenario.
Create a 12- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with
detailed speaker notes in your own words that includes the following:
§ At what step in the scenario did the ethical concern(s) occur?
§ Explain how evidence-based research can eliminate or minimize
ethical concerns in the health care industry.
§ Explain external factors that have an impact on the ethical concern in
the scenario.
Cite at least 3 peer-reviewed, scholarly references to support your
presentation.
Format your assignment according to APA guidelines. Include a title
slide, detailed speaker notes, and a references slide.
Designate one team member to submit your presentation.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
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HCS 465 Entire Course
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15. HCS 465 Assignment Week 1 Research Process and Methods (New
Syllabus)
HCS 465 Assignment Week 2 Sampling Methodologies (New Syllabus)
HCS 465 Assignment Week 2 Administrative Health Care Annotated
Bibliography (New Syllabus)
HCS 465 Assignment Week 4 Research Ethics and Validity (New
Syllabus)
HCS 465 Assignment Week 5 Ethical Scenario (Company Uses Patients
DNA) (New Syllabus)
HCS 465 Week 1 Individual Assignment Importance of Research Paper
(New) (2 Papers)
HCS 465 Week 2 Individual Assignment Research Process and
Methodologies Study Guide (New) (2 Papers
HCS 465 Week 3 Individual Assignment Utilizing Research (New) (2
Papers)
HCS 465 Week 3 Team Assignment Components of a Research Study
(New) (2 Papers)
HCS 465 Week 4 Team Assignment Ethical Scenario Presentation
HCS 465 Week 5 Individual Assignment Influences of Health Care
Research Telemedicine (New) (2 Papers)
HCS 465 Week 1 Discussion Question 1
HCS 465 Week 1 Discussion Question 2

16. HCS 465 Week 1 Discussion Question 3
HCS 465 Week 2 Discussion Question 1
HCS 465 Week 2 Discussion Question 2
HCS 465 Week 2 Discussion Question 3
HCS 465 Week 3 Discussion Question 1
HCS 465 Week 3 Discussion Question 2
HCS 465 Week 3 Discussion Question 3
HCS 465 Week 4 Discussion Question 1
HCS 465 Week 4 Discussion Question 2
HCS 465 Week 4 Discussion Question 3
HCS 465 week 5 Team Assignment Trends and Consumerism in
Healthcare Presentation
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HCS 465 Week 1 Discussion Question 1
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Why is it important to use the research methodologies in the research
process? Provide one example of using the research process in your
workplace or personal life.

17. ==============================================
HCS 465 Week 1 Discussion Question 2
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Explain the different types of research methodologies used in the
health sciences. How would you apply one of these research methods
in your workplace?
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HCS 465 Week 1 Discussion Question 3
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How does reviewing research literature while conducting the research
process provide a framework for the hypothesis statement?
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HCS 465 Week 1 Individual Assignment Importance of
Research Paper (New) (2 Papers)
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This Tutorial contains 2 Papers
HCS 465 Week 1 Individual Assignment Importance of Research
Paper
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HCS 465 Week 2 Discussion Question 1
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Choose a health care study. Explain the basic ethical considerations in
terms of informed consent, beneficence, truth telling, and deception.
What are the similarities between this ethical case and any others you
have researched for this class?
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HCS 465 Week 2 Discussion Question 2
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Compare and contrast between qualitative and quantitative research
methodologies. How would you apply each type of research
methodology at work?
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19. HCS 465 Week 2 Discussion Question 3
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Why is survey research considered a weak research technique? How
would you counteract that perception when asked?
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HCS 465 Week 2 Individual Assignment Research Process
and Methodologies Study Guide (New) (2 Papers)
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This Tutorial contains 2 Papers
HCS 465 Week 2 Individual Assignment Research Process and
Methodologies Study Guide
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HCS 465 Week 3 Discussion Question 1
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How does the type of data collected and the way in which the data are
collected affect the possibility of a Type I or Type II error?
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HCS 465 Week 3 Discussion Question 2
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What is the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics?
Provide examples of each and explain how you could apply both in
your work environment.
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HCS 465 Week 3 Discussion Question 3
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What is the relationship between levels of confidence and statistical
significance?
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HCS 465 Week 3 Individual Assignment Utilizing Research
(New) (2 Papers)

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HCS 465 Week 3 Individual Assignment Utilizing Research
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HCS 465 Week 3 Team Assignment Components of a
Research Study (New) (2 Papers)
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HCS 465 Week 3 Team Assignment Components of a Research Study
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HCS 465 Week 4 Discussion Question 1
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22. How can the use of health care research improve the delivery of health
care services?
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HCS 465 Week 4 Discussion Question 2
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What is the meaning of reliability and validity as used in the research
process? Provide specific examples used at your workplace or in your
personal life
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HCS 465 Week 4 Discussion Question 3
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How does the use of goodness of measures such as reliability and
validity effect research?
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HCS 465 Week 4 Team Assignment Ethical Scenario
Presentation (2 PPT)

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HCS 465 Week 4 Team Assignment Ethical Scenario Presentation
Select one of the ethical scenarios listed below:
A company uses patient DNA for research without the patient's
knowledge or consent.
A non-profit organization sells fetal tissue for research.
Management invites researchers onto a health care research project
who do not have the Internal Research Board's (IRB) approval or
exemption.
Discuss the scenario as a team and identify similar and opposing
ethical opinions.
Identify articles that discuss the ethics of the chosen scenario.
Prepare a 12- to 15- slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation with
detailed speaker notes that discusses the ethical implications of the
chosen scenario.
Include the following in your presentation:
Explain the ethical implications of health care research
Summarize how ethics can lead to bias that influence health care
research
Format your assignment according to APA guidelines. Include a title
page, detailed speaker notes, and a references page.

24. Cite 3 peer-reviewed, scholarly, or similar references to support your
presentation.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
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HCS 465 Week 5 Individual Assignment Influences of
Health Care Research Telemedicine (New) (2 Papers)
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This Tutorial contains 2 Papers
HCS 465 Week 5 Individual Assignment Influences of Health Care
Research Telemedicine
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HCS 465 Week 5 Team Assignment Trends and
Consumerism in Healthcare Presentation
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Learning Team Assignment: Trends and Consumerism in Health Care
Presentation

25. • Resource: Trends and Consumerism in Health Care
Presentation Grading Criteria.
• Select one of the articles from the readings this week on
consumerism in health care and obtain faculty approval.
• Create a 10- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation,
including detailed speaker notes, based on the techniques of the
research process from Weeks Two and Three.
• Include the following elements:
o Background: Summarize the article by explaining how the article
applies to customer service or consumerism in health care. What effect
has research had on consumers’ perspectives on health care?
o Methodology: Provide an overview of the scope of the study in the
chosen article by explaining data collection and where to find the data.
Describe the process used to determine validity and reliability of
research findings to support evidence-based practices.
o Result: Differentiate between the qualitative and quantitative
aspects of the data described in the article in terms of descriptive
statistics, inferential statistics, or both. Do you have enough
information to make a decision on the effectiveness of the study?
o Conclusions: Explain some ways to integrate the future trends of
health care research and consumerism.
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