The patent describes a process for producing solid granules containing aromatic substances. The process involves coating a core, made of excipients with or without active substances, in three steps to form concentric layers. Each layer is formed by coating the core with active substances combined with excipients, drying the layer, and screening the coated core. The granules can be chewed, sucked, swallowed or dissolved and are used to deliver plant extracts, essential oils, and other active ingredients.
Regulation for Reducing Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Antiperspira...v2zq
Regulation for Reducing Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Antiperspirants & Deodorants - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~ arb.ca.gov
Removal of organosulfur from Jordanian Oil Shaletheijes
Environmental worries have led the necessity to remove organosulfur-containing compounds from shale oil. The Jordanian oil shale have been retorted, to produce shale oil. The total organosulfur content in the produced shale oil was found to be 10.634%. Adsorption technique was tested to find out the effective in removing organosulfur from the produced shale oil to keep up with the environmental regulation if shale oil can be used in the future as an energy alternative. The adsorption technique depend mainly on varying parameters. Among the varying adsorption parameters were, the ratio of zeolite to shale oil, particle size, height of column and flow rate. The total organosulfur reduction by applying adsorption techniques was slightly influenced by low zeolite particle size (75 μm)followed by zeolite/shale oil ratio (4:1). The corresponding reduction values of total organoorganosulfur are 10.03% and 10.48% respectively. Meanwhile, the factors flow rate and column height were less significant. As a result, different removal techniques should be considered to ensure producing environmental friendly shale oil
The document is a project report for manufacturing MEA TRIAZINE from paraformaldehyde and monoethanol amine. MEA TRIAZINE is used as H2S scavanger in crude oilfields.
Regulation for Reducing Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Antiperspira...v2zq
Regulation for Reducing Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Antiperspirants & Deodorants - Resources for Healthy Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - For more information, Please see Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children www.scribd.com/doc/254613963 - Gardening with Volcanic Rock Dust www.scribd.com/doc/254613846 - Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech www.scribd.com/doc/254613765 - Free School Gardening Art Posters www.scribd.com/doc/254613694 - Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 - Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success www.scribd.com/doc/254613619 - City Chickens for your Organic School Garden www.scribd.com/doc/254613553 - Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica www.scribd.com/doc/254613494 - Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide www.scribd.com/doc/254613410 - Free Organic Gardening Publications www.scribd.com/doc/254609890 ~ arb.ca.gov
Removal of organosulfur from Jordanian Oil Shaletheijes
Environmental worries have led the necessity to remove organosulfur-containing compounds from shale oil. The Jordanian oil shale have been retorted, to produce shale oil. The total organosulfur content in the produced shale oil was found to be 10.634%. Adsorption technique was tested to find out the effective in removing organosulfur from the produced shale oil to keep up with the environmental regulation if shale oil can be used in the future as an energy alternative. The adsorption technique depend mainly on varying parameters. Among the varying adsorption parameters were, the ratio of zeolite to shale oil, particle size, height of column and flow rate. The total organosulfur reduction by applying adsorption techniques was slightly influenced by low zeolite particle size (75 μm)followed by zeolite/shale oil ratio (4:1). The corresponding reduction values of total organoorganosulfur are 10.03% and 10.48% respectively. Meanwhile, the factors flow rate and column height were less significant. As a result, different removal techniques should be considered to ensure producing environmental friendly shale oil
The document is a project report for manufacturing MEA TRIAZINE from paraformaldehyde and monoethanol amine. MEA TRIAZINE is used as H2S scavanger in crude oilfields.
Cubosomal nanoparticles as an ocular delivery system of fluconazoleSidharth Mehta
The optimized cubosomal dispersion exhibited spherical nanosized particles and reasonable EE% along with higher
FCZ corneal permeation (twofold) as compared to that of FCZ solution.
Moreover, the in vivo study proved the efficacy and safety FCZ-loaded
cubosomal dispersion in treatment of induced keratomycosis
in rats compared to aqueous FCZ solution after topical ocular
application.
Based on the previous results, the use of
cubosomal dispersion as an ocular drug delivery system is
expected to improve antifungal activity of FCZ in treatment
of fungal keratitis.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
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Cubosomal nanoparticles as an ocular delivery system of fluconazoleSidharth Mehta
The optimized cubosomal dispersion exhibited spherical nanosized particles and reasonable EE% along with higher
FCZ corneal permeation (twofold) as compared to that of FCZ solution.
Moreover, the in vivo study proved the efficacy and safety FCZ-loaded
cubosomal dispersion in treatment of induced keratomycosis
in rats compared to aqueous FCZ solution after topical ocular
application.
Based on the previous results, the use of
cubosomal dispersion as an ocular drug delivery system is
expected to improve antifungal activity of FCZ in treatment
of fungal keratitis.
The IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR) is an open access online & offline peer reviewed international journal, which publishes innovative research papers, reviews, mini-reviews, short communications and notes dealing with Pharmaceutical Sciences( Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Computational Chemistry and Molecular Drug Design, Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Analysis, Pharmacy Practice, Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, Cell Biology, Genomics and Proteomics, Pharmacogenomics, Bioinformatics and Biotechnology of Pharmaceutical Interest........more details on Aim & Scope).
All manuscripts are subject to rapid peer review. Those of high quality (not previously published and not under consideration for publication in another journal) will be published without delay.
Kayabaşı eski plak alanlar 0532 335 75 06
İstanbul un her semtinden eski eski plaklarınız değerinde adresinizden alınır
0532 335 75 06 eski eşyalarınızı plaklarınızı evinize gelip değerinde satın
alıyoruz. eski plaklarınızı satmak için bizi aramanız yeterli. bize 0532 335 75
06 veya diğer numaramız olan 0531 981 01 90 dan ulaşabilirsiniz.
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alan yerler 0532 335 75 06 Kayabaşı eski plak alım satım 0532 335 75 06
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yerli eski plak alanlar kadıköy 0532 335 75 06 Kozyatağı yerli eski plak alan
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plak alan yerler Kayabaşı 33 lük eski plak alanlar 0532 335 75 06 Kayabaşı 33
devir eski plak alan yerler Kayabaşı 45lik eski plak alanlar Kayabaşı 45 lik
eski plak alan yerler 0532 335 75 06 0532 335 75 06 Kayabaşı long play 0532 335
75 06 alanlar Kayabaşı kapaksız eski plak alanlar Kayabaşı toplu eski plak
alanlar Kayabaşı eski plak satmak istiyorum Kayabaşı kimler eski plak alıyor?
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Food supplements, agrochemicals, probiotic, cocoa based inventions and other food related tech domain patents in India before the indian patent office.
Novelty patent search or Patentability search is performed to determine if an invention meets the requirements of novelty, usefulness, and non-obviousness and is performed prior to the preparation of patent application by the patent expert.
Milk fat substitute and production us20100303992rjgutierrez
The invention relates to a method for obtain ing a milk fat substitute from a vegetable oil and the product obtained by means of said method for its application in the ?eld of preparation of food products Which generally are prepared With milk derived fats.
The bulk of the world's fish meal and oil is today manufactured by the wet pressing method. The main steps of the process are cooking for coagulation of the protein thereby liberating bound water and oil, separation by pressing of the coagulate yielding a solid phase (press cake) containing 60-80% of the oil-free dry matter (protein, bones) and oil, and a liquid phase (press liquor) containing water and the rest of the solids (oil, dissolved and suspended protein, vitamins and minerals).
Optimization of ABE Fermentation from Rice Husk Medium using Clostridium acet...pranavdadhich
A chemically defined medium was optimised for the biomass production of Clostridium acetobutylicum in the fermentor using rice husk as the carbon source.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
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Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
1. US005965165A
Ulllted States Patent [19] [11] Patent Number: 5,965,165
Zannini et al. [45] Date of Patent: Oct. 12, 1999
[54] PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF [56] References Cited
GRANULES, AND GRANULES THUS
OBTAINED U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS
5,478,564 12/1995 Wantier et a1. ......................... 424/426
[75] Inventors: Gaetan0 ~Zann1n1;.D.0men1c0 Boraschl, FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS
both of B1ot, Dominique Juge,
Valbonne; Laurence Matza, Antibes, 0 359 230 3/1990 European Pat. Off. .
all of France 0 600 775 6/1994 European Pat. Off. .
2 657 255 7/1991 France .
[73] Assignee: Bionatec, Biot, France 2 163 348 2/1986 United Kingdom -
WO 93/00991 1/1993 WIPO .
[21] Appl. No.: 08/809,793 WO 94/24994 10/1994 WIPO .
[22] PCT Filed; Ju]_ 25, 1996 Primary Examiner—Thurman K. Page
Assistant Examiner—William E. Benston, Jr.
[86] PCT NOJ PCT/FR96/01181 Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Young & Thompson
§ 371 Date: Mar. 27, 1997 [57] ABSTRACT
§ 102(6) Date? Mar- 27! 1997 A method for making solid granules containing aromatic,
[871 WOW/04861 22:53:22?012121555:saiizzzazs?sganzzhizia 1515:
PCT Pub. Date: Feb. 13, 1997 substances is formed for use as a carrier, and the core is
_ _ _ _ _ coated in three steps With at least one layer, With one layer
[30] Forelgn Apphcatlon Pnonty Data being formed in each step, by (a) coating the core With active
Jul. 27, 1995 [FR] France ................................... 95 09390 substances Optionally Combined With excipients, (b) drying
6 the layer and (c) screening the coated core. The method is
[51] Int. Cl. ....................................................... A61K 9/14 preferably used to make granules that Contain plant extracts
[52] US Cl- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 424/489; and essential oils and may be cheWed, sucked, sWalloWed or
; dissolved.
[58] Field of Search ..................................... 424/489, 458,
424/426, 1.25, 462, 497, 486, 466 10 Claims, N0 Drawings
2. 5,965,165
1
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF
GRANULES, AND GRANULES THUS
OBTAINED
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has for its object an original manu
facturing process for the production of granules Whose siZe,
color, solubility and active principles can vary according to
the required ?nal product: biogranules, aromatic granules,
microgranules, pollen pearls, bath products. The assembly
of these products Will be better explained in the folloWing:
So that the aromas of these products Will be suf?ciently
present, it is necessary to use essential oils Which are very
volatile.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
FR-A-2,705,571 relates to the combination of tWo natural
products, one being taken systematically as the base and is
in the greater proportion: it is a fatty oil of animal or
vegetable origin, the other is an aromatic essential oil
extracted from a plant: melaleuca alternifolia, Which can be
replaced or associated With another aromatic essential oil of
equivalent biochemical composition or conventionally
knoWn for its similar therapeutic effects, particularly on
localiZed dental disorders: gum abscesses or any other
paradontopathies having infectious or in?ammatory charac
teristics.
FR-A-2,702,654 provides a cosmetic product permitting
combatting and diminishing loose skin at the epidermis. It is
constituted by an active mixture of essential oils incorpo
rated in a vegetable oil. This product is particularly adapted
to improve the texture of the skin.
These documents provide only liquid substances Which
are more dif?cult to store, preserve and use.
Moreover, in the present century in Which poor lifestyle
hygiene is often connected to undesirable eating habits, it is
necessary to ingest natural and balanced products.
To do that, it is knoWn to use vegetal extracts.
FR-A-2,662,078 has for its object a cosmetic composi
tion. The composition according to this invention contains
the folloWing ?rst materials: a mineral substance for external
use called clay, Which is White, yelloW, red or green,
according to its origin and the density of the metalloids or
minerals that it contains, in a concentration of 70 to 80%;
vegetal components, present in the form of plant ?our and
essential oils from plants, in a concentration of 18 to 19.5%;
animal origin components, present in the form of homeo
pathic dilutions, so-called “opotherapies” (organo-therapy),
in a concentration of 0.5 to 2%; in the composition ready to
use, 100% of the ?rst materials thus representing 46% of the
?nal formula, 54% of added Water; the vegetal components
are marine algae, red grapevine, buttercup, cabbage,
horsetail, and meadoWsWeet, to Which are added essential
oils of lavender, thyme or rosemary.
The mixture of the essential oils and the vegetal extracts
are not very homogeneous amalgams. Moreover, the very
volatile natural oils have a tendency to evaporate and the
aroma to disappear.
FR-A-2,657,255 discloses obtaining neW cosmetic prod
ucts. These have the particularity of containing active prin
ciples in polymers Which are themselves grafted on particles
of silica.
WO-A-93/00991 relates to a process for the production of
medical substances in the form of granules having a high
apparent density, by depositing by pulveriZation a cladding
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on the particles With an inert core, With the help of a coating
and granulating device by means of successive steps, ?rst
the constitution of a ?uidiZed bed of particles of material
With an inert core inside the treatment chamber of a cladding
and granulating device, by causing to circulate a gaseous
current betWeen the rotating disc and the internal Wall of said
treatment chamber, then the constitution of the granules by
means of depositing a medication on the particles of core
material, cladding them by pulveriZation With a solution of
medicament; the process being characteriZed by the fact that,
during constitution of the granules, the particles clad by
pulveriZation are ?rst transported toWard a drying Zone
surrounding the treatment chamber, secondly transported
through said drying Zone by a gas current and thirdly
returned to the treatment chamber. The process of recircu
lation operates continuously until granules are constructed
having the desired load of medication.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Generally speaking, it can be said that the characteristics
Which render the granules of the present invention original,
compared to other cladding techniques, are the folloWing:
Firstly, the assembly of the components used, active or
excipient, constitute itself the starting core.
Secondly, the granule is thus homogeniZed in its
composition, from the center to the outside, no matter What
the siZe.
Thirdly, in the case of soluble granules, the granule is
soluble totally (including the starting core) and the solubility
(speed and medium) is a function of the components (quality
and quantity) and of the excipients.
Fourthly, the granule permits integration and hence good
conservation of the volatile components such as essential
oils.
To this end, the present invention relates to a process for
the production of solid granules adapted to provide products
that can be cheWed, sucked, sWalloWed or dissolved, con
taining aromatic substances, foodstuffs, dietetic substances,
or substances for cosmetic use, characteriZed in that it
consists:
in providing a core, serving as a support, constituted by
excipients associated or not With active substances, the
excipient or active principle is a solution Which can for
example be alcoholic, hydroalcoholic or aqueous,
covering the core in three steps, With at least one layer,
these three steps being carried out for each successive
layer, by:
a) cladding the core With active substances associated or
not With excipients,
b) drying the layer, and
c) screening the covered core.
This process is carried out under vacuum in at least one
turbine rotating about an axis for cladding.
The axis of each rotating turbine is inclined at an angle of
45 to 60° relative to the horiZontal.
The process is carried out at a temperature comprised
betWeen 18 and 25° C., except for drying Which is carried
out at a maximum of 45° C. in an oven.
It is carried out at a humidity less than 70%.
The granules, obtained by means of the above process, are
characteriZed by the fact that they are each constituted of a
central portion, forming the core, and a peripheral portion,
forming one or several concentric layers; each layer is
constituted by a component in solution and by a component
in the form of a microniZed poWder.
3. 5,965,165
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On the one hand, the component in solution constitutes a
cementing solution Whose density is greater than that of
Water. On the other hand, the component, in the form of
powder, constitutes a volumetric constituent.
The constituent in solution has a density comprised
betWeen 1010 and 1020 and a ?uidity index comprised
betWeen 16 and 20.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
INVENTION
According to a ?rst embodiment, the composition of the
granules is substantially:
69% microniZed maltisorb,
3.5% sodium bicarbonate,
3.5% citric acid,
21% concentrated ?uid extract of plants, and
3% essential oils.
According to a second embodiment, the composition of
the granules is substantially:
85% of a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citrate,
10% of essential oils,
4% of emulgine, and
1% of luviskol.
No matter What the embodiment, the core has a diameter
less than 0.01 mm, constituted of maltisorb or of a mixture
of sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate.
According to a particular embodiment, the core has a
diameter substantially 2 mm constituted by pollen grains.
The present invention relates to a process for the produc
tion of granules of all shapes, siZes, etc.
The essence of the invention resides in the fact that this
process is characteriZed by the fact that it consists in
providing on the one hand a core serving as a support, and
on the other hand, covering said core With at least one layer.
More precisely, the core is alWays constituted by excipi
ents Which can be or not associated With active substances.
Similarly, each layer, Which covers said core or a preceding
layer disposed subjacently, is alWays formed from active
substances Which can be associated With excipients.
It is thus easy to understand that each layer Which is
deposited, Will then be subjected to drying, and ?nally
screening of the core covered by the dried layer.
These three steps, cladding, drying and screening, are
each time carried out for each layer of product covering the
core or a subjacent layer.
So that the granules Will be formed in the most homoge
neous Way, there is used a stainless steel turbine Which turns
about an axis, itself inclined at an angle of 45 to 60° relative
to the horiZontal.
Moreover, the conditions Within this turbine are very
precise; thus, the temperature is alWays comprised betWeen
18 and 25° C. except for drying during Which the granules
are ovened at 45° C. Moreover, the humidity must neces
sarily be loWer than 70%, so as to avoid any amalgamation
of the granules in a same turbine.
All the turbine production phase is carried out under an air
?oW of 2,500 m3 per hour.
In fact, the granules Which are provided by the process are
thus constituted in a very homogeneous Way from a central
portion, forming the core, and a peripheral portion, formed
by one or several concentric layers deposited according to
the process.
The process requires the presence of three components
having precise characteristics.
First of all the core, according to one preferred
embodiment, is solid and in crystalline form or in crystals,
and its diameter is less than 0.01 mm.
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There is then an excipient or active principle component
Which is in solution, for example alcoholic, hydroalcoholic
or aqueous, With a density Which is greater than that of
Water. This component constitutes the binding solution.
Finally, there is also a component constituted also by an
excipient or an active principle in the form of microniZed
poWder. This latter component constitutes the volumetric
component.
In any event, there is alWays at least one active principle
among the three components.
The core and the volumetric component can be identical.
The ideal density of the binding solution for practice of the
process is 1010 for a ?uidity index comprised betWeen 16
and 20. Nevertheless, there can be a density comprised
betWeen 1010 and 1020.
As the case may be during preparation of the granules, it
Will be necessary to bring the solutions to the best density,
either by concentration or by dilution, as a function of the
characteristics of the substance and of its compatibility With
the diluent.
The ratio betWeen the binding solution of ideal density
and the volumetric component is variable as a function of the
?nal siZe of the product desired and of the density of the
binding solution. But this remains ?xed during all the
duration of the production process.
According to a particular embodiment, the composition of
the granules is substantially:
69% microniZed maltisorb,
3.5% sodium bicarbonate,
3.5% citric acid,
21% concentrated ?uid plant extract, and
3% essential oils.
According to another embodiment, the composition of the
granules is substantially:
85% of a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium
citrate,
10% essential oils,
4% emulgine, and
1% luviskol.
According to another embodiment, the core may be
constituted by agglomerated pollen grains and have a diam
eter of substantially tWo millimeters.
The assembly of these characteristics, Which have been
set forth, permits obtaining a range of products variable as
to form, as a function of the manner of use. Thus, these
granules can be used either by dissolving them or by
cheWing them or by sWalloWing them.
These three sets of ?gures are used, for example, for all
instances of the ingestion of active substances. But there can
be used granules Which dissolve When it is desired to provide
a solution such as an extract, a tea, a bath or an inhalation.
The different uses are of course due to the composition of
the vegetal extracts and the essential oils Which are used.
Among the substances that can be provided, there are
biogranules of origin from a crystalliZed and calibrated
maltisorb core. The ?uid extracts and essential oils are
deposited by pulveriZation.
When the ?uid extracts are distributed uniformly over all
the granules, the mask becomes binding and is Worked only
With dif?culty in the turbine. The moisture contained in the
core is absorbed by the addition of a certain quantity of
mixture, thereby permitting free rotation. It suf?ces thus to
let turn for several minutes With aspiration, so as totally to
eliminate the alcohol contained in the hydro-alcoholic
extracts, for example. Drying and screening folloW to sepa
rate the granules of different siZes.
4. 5,965,165
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When the ?rst layer is crystallized, a second layer is
applied under the same conditions. The operation is then
repeated to deposit, for successive layers, all of the aromatic
principles. The quantity and form (solid or liquid) of the
principle contained in each granule de?ne the mean Weight
of each granule.
Another product is produced by the production of micro
granules. This is in fact only a repetition of the biogranules,
but With a smaller siZe. They can contain or not essential
oils. The percentage of the components can vary as a
function of the characteristics of solubility and of concen
tration of the required active principles.
Another product is constituted by vitamin pearls. In this
case, the starting core is constituted by natural pollen grains
Which have already been set forth above.
After the calibration of granules tWo millimeters in siZe,
the pollen cores are placed in the turbine and the technique
Which deposits the layers, as described above, is used.
Finally, the last product relates to bath products. In this
case, the starting core and the volumetric component are
constituted by a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citric
acid. The binding solution is constituted by essential oils,
emulgine, luviskol and the coloring.
The production of course is carried out as previously
given.
What is claimed is:
1. Process for the production of solid granules, containing
substances selected from the group consisting of nutritional,
pharmaceutical, and cosmetic substances, Which comprises:
providing a solid core consisting of at least one eXcipient
optionally associated With active substances for use as
a support, the eXcipient or active principle being in
solution,
covering the core, in three steps, With at least one layer,
the three steps being carried out for each successive
layer, by:
a) coating the core With active substances optionally
associated With eXcipients, said coating being carried
out under vacuum in at least one turbine rotating about
an axis,
b) drying the layer, and
c) screening the core covered by the dried layer to obtain
the solid granules;
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said process being carried out at a humidity of less than
70%, and at a temperature comprised betWeen 18 and
25° C., eXcept for the drying step Which is carried out
at a maXimum temperature of 45° C. in an oven.
2. Process according to claim 1, Wherein the aXis of each
rotating turbine is inclined at an angle of 45 to 60° relative
to the horiZontal.
3. Solid granules, obtained by the process according to
claim 1, Wherein each granule comprises a central portion
forming the core, and a peripheral portion forming one or
several concentric layers; each layer comprising a compo
nent in solution and a component in the form of microniZed
poWder.
4. Granules according to claim 3, Wherein the component
in solution is a binding solution Whose density is greater than
Water, and the component in the form of a poWder is a
volumetric component.
5. Granules according to claim 3, Wherein the component
in solution has a density ranging betWeen 1010 and 1020 and
a ?uidity indeX ranging betWeen 16 and 20.
6. Granules according to claim 3, Wherein the composi
tion of the granules is substantially:
69% of microniZed maltisorb,
3.5% of sodium bicarbonate,
3.5% of citric acid,
21% of ?uid concentrated plant eXtract and
3% of essential oils.
7. Granules according to claim 3, Wherein the composi
tion of the granules is substantially:
85% of a miXture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium
citrate,
10% of essential oils,
4% of emulgine, and
1% of luviskol.
8. Granules according to claim 6, Wherein the core has a
diameter smaller than 0.01 mm, constituted by maltisorb.
9. Granules according to claim 7, Wherein the core has a
diameter smaller than 0.01 mm, constituted by a miXture of
sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate.
10. Granules according to claim 3, Wherein the core has
a diameter of about 2 mm constituted by pollen grains.