Heat is a form of energy that can flow from hot areas to cold areas. It can be transferred through radiation, conduction, or convection. Radiation transfers heat through electromagnetic waves and does not require a medium, while conduction requires physical contact between objects for heat transfer and convection involves the transfer of heat by a circulating fluid (liquid or gas). Good emitters of heat radiation are dull black surfaces, while good absorbers are also dull black surfaces. Shiny white or metallic surfaces are poor emitters and absorbers of heat radiation.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesahan dalam pentaksiran - Pentaksiran dalam...FaFai S.
Bincangkan secara terperinci, faktor-faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi kesahan dalam pentaksiran.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesahan dalam pentaksiran :
1. Faktor ujian itu sendiri
2. Faktor pentakbiran dan penskoran
3. Faktor respon murid.
Bab 3 – Koordinasi dan Gerak Balas (Peranan Hormon)Qing Hao Chai
Bab 3 – Koordinasi dan Gerak Balas
Peranan hormon dalam manusia
My presentation slides in 2017. I hope it can help you in understanding the course syllabus.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesahan dalam pentaksiran - Pentaksiran dalam...FaFai S.
Bincangkan secara terperinci, faktor-faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi kesahan dalam pentaksiran.
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesahan dalam pentaksiran :
1. Faktor ujian itu sendiri
2. Faktor pentakbiran dan penskoran
3. Faktor respon murid.
Bab 3 – Koordinasi dan Gerak Balas (Peranan Hormon)Qing Hao Chai
Bab 3 – Koordinasi dan Gerak Balas
Peranan hormon dalam manusia
My presentation slides in 2017. I hope it can help you in understanding the course syllabus.
The three most important NFC (Near Field Communication) scenarios for Windows 8 / Windows Phone 8 (WP8) app developers:
- Discover Your App
- Share to Others
- Seamless Multi-User Games & Collaboration
This presentation describes these three scenarios, and shows you how to implement them in C# from a technical perspective. It contains examples for both Windows 8 and Windows Phone 8 development, based on the new Windows Proximity APIs.
In addition, this presentation contains a quick overview of NFC as a technology, as well as pointers towards tools and documentation, including the open source NDEF library for more powerful and sophisticated NFC tag writing and reading tasks.
This presentation focuses on exploring what Near Field Communication (NFC) in Android is and how its power can be harnessed through Android. Details of the available classes and interfaces available in Android to use NFC.
Near Field Communication (NFC) is an emerging short-range radio technology that is poised to revolutionise how we use mobile phones in everyday interactions. In this webinar, we’ll introduce the basics of NFC and how the technology is implemented in Nokia Lumia phones. We’ll also demonstrate how you can use NFC via Microsoft Windows Phone 8’s Proximity API in your applications to share content, read data from and write data to NFC tags, and create your own application-launch tags. We suggest that you install the Microsoft Windows Phone SDK 8.0 in advance to get the most out of this training lab. While you’ll learn a lot with or without the SDK, you’ll learn even more if you have the SDK installed and can begin using the API as soon as you complete the training. Also, it will be helpful to have a Nokia Lumia phone built on Windows Phone 8 available for testing.
The quick walkthrough will show you how to create your first NFC app for Windows Phone 8.
The NearSpeak app (available soon in the WP Store) writes voice NFC tags - touch the tags again to hear your message! Leave notes for your partner, reminders for yourself, or use them for a fun public social experiment.
This hands-on tutorial will show you how to create this app. You will see how to write a LaunchApp tag using the NDEF Library for Proximity APIs, how to recognize text spoken by the user, and how to use the speech synthesizer to let the phone read the text again.
Note that the instructions require basic knowledge of Windows Phone development.
Heat Transfer
The heat transfer is defined as the transmission of heat energy from one region to another region as a result of temperature gradient. In actual practice, the heat transfer always takes place from the region of high temperature to the region of low temperature.
Modes of Heat Transfer
The transfer of heat energy from one region to another region takes place by the following three modes −
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
In a majority of real situations, heat transfer occurs as a result of a combination of these modes of heat transfer.
Conduction
When the heat transfers from one part of the substance to another part without the movement in the molecules of the substance, it is called the conduction mode of heat transfer.
In this mode, the rate of heat transfer, i.e., the rate of conduction of heat along the substance depends upon the temperature gradient.
Mathematically, for a cubic body with parallel faces with
Thickness=tmeters
Crosssectionalarea=Am2
Temperatureoftwofaces=T1∘CandT2∘C
Timeforwhichheattransfertakespalce=Thours
Then, the amount of heat passed through this cubic body is given by,
H=kAt(T1−T2)T
Where, H is measured in Mega Joules (MJ) and k is the coefficient of the thermal conductivity for the substance and it is measured in MJ/m3/∘C/hr
.
Examples of heat transfer through the conduction mode are refractory heating, the heating of insulating material, etc.
Convection
When the transfer of heat takes place from one part to another part of the substance or fluid due to the actual motion of the molecules, it is called the convection mode of heat transfer. In this method, the rate of heat transfer depends mainly upon the difference in the fluid density at different temperature.
The transfer of heat energy from immersion water heater to water is an example of convection mode of heat transfer. The amount of heat absorbed by water from the heater through convection partly depends upon the temperature of the heating element and partly upon the position of the heater.
Mathematically, the heat dissipation in convection mode of heat transfer is given by the following expression −
H=a×(T1−T2)bW/m2
Where,
'a' and 'b' are the constants whose values depend upon the heating surface.
T1
and T2
are the temperatures of heating element and the fluid / substance in °C.
Radiation
When the heat transfer takes place from the source of heat to the substance to be heated without direct contact between them, it is called the radiation mode of heat transfer. The heat transfer through the radiation depends upon the surface. The transfer of heat in case of solar heater is an example of radiation mode of heat transfer.
Mathematically, the rate of heat dissipation through radiation is given by Stefan's law, that is
H=(5.72×104)×ke[(T11000)4−(T21000)4]W/m2
Where,
σ = (5.72× 104) is the Stefan's constant
'e' is the emissivity (it is 1 for ideal radiator)
T1
is the temperature of source in Kelvin
T2
is the temperature of the subs
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
2. What is Heat?
• Suatu bentuk tenaga -
kerana ia boleh
menggerakkan benda
- E.g: Makes a hot air
balloon rise.
- Steam engines
• Diukur dalam unit
JOULES (J)
3. Haba
Haba adalah bentuk tenaga yang boleh
mengalir dari kawasan panas ke
kawasan sejuk
4. Haba boleh bertukar bentuk
• Proses fotosintesis ( Tumbuhan membuat
makanan)
Tenaga cahaya & haba → Tenaga kimia
• Stesen Jana kuasa (Pembakaran minyak
dan gas)
• Tenaga haba → Tenaga kinetik →
Tenaga elektrik
5. Bagaimana haba dihasilkan?
• Pergerakan zarah-zarah menghasilkan
haba.
• Haba dapat dihasilkan melalui geseran,
pembakaran bahan api, tenaga elektrik
dan sebagainya.
• Haba menyebabkan pengembangan dan
pengecutan pepejal, cecair dan gas.
6. Haba Vs Suhu
• The temperature of an object tells us how
HOT it is
• Ukuran darjah kepanasan atau
kesejukkan suatu objek.
• Measured in degrees Celsius - °C
7. Haba Vs Suhu
• It is NOT the same as heat energy
although the two quantities are related.
• e.g. a beaker of water at 60 °C is hotter
than a bath of water at 40 °C BUT the
bath contains more joules of heat energy
8. Pengaliran haba
• Mengalir dari kawasan yang panas ke
kawasan yang sejuk.
• Objek panas dalam bilik akan menjadi
sejuk ke takat suhu bilik.
e.g: air kopi
• Objek sejuk dalam bilik akan dipanaskan
ke takat suhu bilik.
e.g: butter, ice
11. Konduksi/ Conduction
• Pengaliran haba dari kawasan panas ke
kawasan sejuk pada suatu pepejal.
• Zarah-zarah pada satu hujung rod pepejal
yang dipanaskan memperolehi tenaga
haba dan bergetar dengan lebih cepat dan
berlanggar dengan zarah-zarah
bersebelahan.
• Tenaga haba dipindahkan kepada zarah-zarah
bersebelahan secara berterusan
dan akhirnya ke seluruh rod logam.
12. Konduksi/ Conduction
• When you heat a metal strip at one end, the heat travels
to the other end.
• As you heat the metal, the particles vibrate, these
vibrations make the adjacent particles vibrate, and so on
and so on, the vibrations are passed along the metal and
so is the heat. We call this? Conduction
13. Why does metal feel colder than wood, if they
are both at the same temperature?
Metal is a conductor, wood is an insulator. Metal
conducts the heat away from your hands. Wood
does not conduct the heat away from your hands as
well as the metal, so the wood feels warmer than
the metal.
14. Perolakan/ Convection
What happens to the particles in a liquid or a
gas when you heat them?
The particles spread out and
become less dense.
A liquid or gas.
15. Perolakan/ Convection
• Proses pengaliran haba melalui bendalir
(cecair dan gas) akibat gerakan bendalir
dari kawasan yang lebih panas ke
kawasan yang kurang panas.
16. Perolakan/ Convection
• Think about when you boil water, the
bubbles move upwards
• Or think of a gas heater in the room, the
heat rises around the room
18. Perolakan/ Convection
Where is the
cooling
compartment
put in a fridge?
Cooling
compartment
It is put at the top,
because cool air
sinks, so it cools the
food on the way
down.
It is warmer at
the bottom, so
this warmer air
rises and a
convection
current is set up.
19. Convection questions
Why does hot air rise and cold air sink?
Cool air is more dense than warm air, so the cool air ‘falls
through’ the warm air.
Why are boilers placed beneath hot water
tanks in people’s homes?
Hot water rises.
So when the boiler heats the water, and the hot water rises, the water tank
is filled with hot water.
20. How does heat energy get
from the Sun to the Earth? There are no particles
between the Sun and the
Earth so it CANNOT
travel by conduction or
by convection.
? RADIATION
21. Sinaran/ Radiation
• Proses pemindahan haba daripada
suatu sumber haba ke kawasan
persekitarannya tanpa medium
• Mengalir ke semua arah daripada
objek yang panas.
• Semakin panas objek, semakin
banyak haba yang mengalir melalui
sinaran.
• Does the surface affect the way heat
is radiated?
22.
23. Radiation – Think Pair-Share
Radiation travels in straight lines
True/False
Radiation can travel through a vacuum
True/False
Radiation requires particles to travel
True/False
Radiation travels at the speed of light
True/False
24. Radiation questions
Why are houses painted white in hot countries?
White reflects heat radiation and keeps the house cooler.
Why are shiny foil blankets wrapped around marathon runners at the end of a
race?
The shiny metal reflects the heat radiation from the runner back in, this stops
the runner getting cold.
25. Konduktor haba dan
penebat haba
• Konduktor haba – bahan yang
membenarkan haba melaluinya dengan
mudah. e.g: most metals
• Penebat haba – bahan yang menghalang
haba mengalir melaluinya. e.g: wood,
plastic, glass
• Why do many sauce pans have plastic
handles?
28. Pelbagai Kegunaan konduktor dan penebat
dalam kehidupan harian
Bincangkan…
Pemanas pada dasar cerek elektrik
Periuk dan kuali
Seterika elektrik
Radiator kereta
Merkuri
Kotak ais
29. Pelbagai Kegunaan konduktor dan penebat
dalam kehidupan harian
Rajah di sebelah menunjukkan
struktur binaan sebuah kelalang
termos. Struktur binaan kelalang
termos bertujuan untuk
mengurangkan kehilangan haba.
Bincangkan.
30. Penyerap dan Pembebas haba yang Baik
• Keupayaan suatu objek untuk menyerap
dan membebaskan haba dipengaruhi oleh
ciri permukaan objek (jenis dan warna)
• Permukaan yang gelap dan kusam
menyerap dan membebaskan haba lebih
baik daripada objek putih dan berkilat
31. Emission experiment
Four containers were filled with warm water. Which
container would have the warmest water after ten minutes?
Shiny metal
Dull metal
Dull black
Shiny black
shiny metal
The __________ container would be the warmest after ten
minutes because its shiny surface reflects heat _______ radiation
back
into the container so less is lost. The ________ dull black
container
would be the coolest because it is the best at _______ emitting
heat
radiation.
32. Absorption experiment
Four containers were placed equidistant from a heater. Which
container would have the warmest water after ten minutes?
dull black
The __________ container would be the warmest after ten
minutes because its surface absorbs heat _______ radiation
the best.
The _________ shiny metal
container would be the coolest because it is
the poorest at __________ heat radiation.
absorbing
Shiny metal
Dull metal
Dull black
Shiny black
33. EEmmiitttteerrss
Hotter objects emit (give out) heat
Different surfaces emit heat at different speeds
A dull black surfaces loses energy more
quickly – it is a good radiator
A bright shiny or white surface is a poor
radiator
Marathon runners need to keep warm at the end
of races, covering in shiny blankets reduces
radiation and therefore heat loss.
35. AAbbssoorrbbeerrss
Cooler objects absorb (take in) heat
Substances absorb heat at different speeds
Dull, black surfaces absorb heat quickly
Bright, shiny surfaces absorb heat slowly
In hot countries, people wear bright white
clothes and paint their houses white to reduce
absorption of energy from the sun.
Petrol storage tanks sprayed silver to reflect
sun’s rays