This document summarizes Jonathan Swift's 1726 novel Gulliver's Travels. It discusses how Swift uses multiple genres including satire, comedy, science fiction, and fantasy to criticize politics, religion, science, and misanthropy. Specifically, it examines how the Lilliputians satirize English politicians, the Laputans mock absent-minded scientists, and the Houyhnhnms portray idealized rational beings contrasted with the low Yahoos. The document also analyzes Swift's use of irony, his contradictory views of women, and how the work has elements of political, moral and science fiction through Gulliver's travels to different lands.

3. Shehneela Naz (SN-163)
-Preface
-Genres of “Gulliver’s Travels’’
-Swift’s use of multiple genres.
Nurunnesa (SN-159)
-Elements of multiple genres
Satire- Moral and Political Satire
-Irony
-Misanthropic Element
Fariha- Tuz-Zahra (RK-157)
Comedy-Literature and Language
-Narrow mindedness and Enlightment
Science-Fiction- Satire on Science
Fantasy/
Speculative Fiction-Significance of Travel
-Attitude towards Women.

4. Preface
 Published in
1726
 Controversies
 Heated Debate
 Different aspects
along with Unique style
 Use of irony, bawdy language, allegory and
inhuman ideas

5. Reason and Purpose
 Demand for truth
and justice
 England’s injustice
for Ireland
 Religious Corruption
 Politically betrayed
 Hated the exaggeration
of Science

6. Genre
Satire
Comedy
Tragedy
Science-Fiction
Fantasy
Speculative Fiction

7. “Sometimes there is more to lit
Than meets the eyes”

8. S A T I R E

9. Criticized English politics
Lilliputians- representative
of the English politicians
Political Satire

10.  -
-Flinmap as -Liliputian king as -Skyresh Bolgolam
Sir Robert Walpole George 1st The Duke
of Nottingham
-Reldresal as Lord Carteret

11.  “I can not but conclude
the bulk of your natives,
to be the most pernicious
race of little odious vermin
that nature ever suffered to
crawl upon the surface
of the earth”
-Quoted by the King of Brobdingnag

12. Moral Satire
 Laputan’s Scientists
 Practice of abstract knowledge
and theories
 Represents scientists
of England

13.  Houyhnhnms – Practiced reason and virtue
- “Their grand maxim is to cultivate
reason and to be wholly governed
by it”
 Yahoos- low and despicable
creature

14. Irony
 Contrast between appearance
and reality
 Situational irony
 Verbal Irony
“And we conjecture it is
either some unknown animal,
or the god that he worships”
- Ironically reveals how careless
the authority was.

15. Misanthropic Element
 ‘ I hate and detest that animal called man ’
- Swift’s letter to Alexander Pope

16. Comedy

17. Literature and Language
 Bawdy Language
 “....by my labouring
to quench them,
made the wine begin
to operate by urine;
which I voided in
such a quantity...
that in three minutes
the fire was wholly
extinguished.”

18. Narrow-mindedness and Enlightment
 Narrow-minded
Lilliputians
 Wars over the correct
way to cut open an egg
 Houyhnhnms can not
believe there are other
reasonable ways of living

19. S C I E N C E- F I C T I o N

20.  Proto science-fiction
 Introducing new ideas
 Satire on the experimental
philosophy
 Flying island Laputa floats on
magnetic levitation
 Swift’s satire on “Newton” and “Hally”

21.  Satire on Great Chemist “Sir Robert Boyle”
-'' There was a man born blind,
who had several apprentices in his
own condition: their employment
was to mix colors for painters,
which their master taught them
to distinguish by feeling and
smelling. It is my misfortune to
find them at that time not very
perfect in their lessons, and the
professor himself happened to
be generally mistaken..''
( chapter-04, Book 3 ).

22. Fantasy
Or
Speculative Fiction

23. Significance of Travel
 Travelling four Lands
-Liliput
- Brobdingnag
-Laputa
-The land of Houyhnhnms
• Portraying skillfully the
English society

24. Attitude towards Women
 Contradictory attitude
 Disfigure and degrade
Womanhood
 Yahoo-women
 Laputan’s women
 Brobdingnagian women
 Swift’s Anti-feminism

25. conclusion
Swift’s sophisticated and efficient
portrayal and tactics.

26. Let us know if you have any
questions.