International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Stress analysis and optimization of crankshaft under dynamic loading 2IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that optimized the design of a forged steel crankshaft through finite element analysis and stress modeling. The analysis found the crankshaft experiences maximum stress at location 2. Geometry optimization focused on removing non-critical material while maintaining dynamic balance. Optimization included increasing hole diameters, deepening holes, and modifying crank web geometry. The goal was reducing weight and cost while not exceeding the original design's stress levels. Material choices and compressive rolling were also evaluated for increasing fatigue strength.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
The document discusses the thermo-mechanical analysis of a crankcase for a six cylinder truck diesel engine. It outlines the process of identifying loads from combustion, inertia, thermal effects and assembly and applying them in a finite element analysis of the crankcase. The analysis seeks to determine the durability and fatigue life of the crankcase under the varying operating loads of the engine.
Finite Element Analysis and Design Optimization of Connecting RodIJERA Editor
The objective of this study is to improve the design of connecting rod of single cylinder four stroke Otto cycle
engine by shape optimization. The main objective of this study is weight reduction of connecting rod and
improving its performance without affecting its functionality. Finite element analysis is one of the most
important tools of CAD/CAM CAE. For this study ANSYS analysis software is used for modeling, analysis and
shape design optimization. Initially, according to design considerations maximum loads were calculated for
various maximum operating loading conditions. Calculated loads used as a loading condition in various load
steps of FEM analysis. Stresses generated across all the locations of connecting rod evaluated using ANSYS
Workbench. For optimization ANSYS Shape optimization module is used and extracted the required shape of
connecting rod. Final CAD model of optimized connecting rod is prepared in Design Modeler. Static structural
analysis of modified design is performed and the results compared with baseline design. After result are
validated with the help of Modified Goodman’s Diagram. From the shape optimization we could able to achieve
14.73% weight reduction in existing connecting rod. Since the optimized design is having sufficient life, the
design is much improved as compared to the existing design
This document summarizes a numerical investigation and fatigue life estimation of a conventional diesel engine piston. A finite element analysis was conducted using ANSYS to determine thermal and stress distributions in the piston under operating loads. The piston geometry was meshed and assigned material properties of an aluminum alloy. Temperature loads from 250°C to 650°C and pressure loads from 1 to 60 bar were applied. The results from the finite element analysis were then used to estimate the fatigue life of the piston according to ASME standards. The analysis determined a fatigue life of 868,587 cycles with a peak stress of 69.8 MPa.
IRJET- A Review of Testing of Multi Cylinder S.I. Petrol EngineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a review of testing methods for multi-cylinder spark ignition petrol engines. It discusses the Morse test, which involves running the engine at a constant speed and cutting off the firing of each cylinder in turn to determine the individual indicated power of each cylinder. This allows calculation of the total indicated power and mechanical efficiency of the engine. The document provides background on engine dynamometers, reviews various literature on engine testing techniques, and discusses the future scope and conclusions of using the Morse test method for evaluating multi-cylinder engine performance.
OPTIMIZATION AND FATIGUE ANALYSISOF A CRANE HOOK USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODijmech
Stress analysis plays an important role in the design of structures like crane hook under loading conditions.
Crane hook is a reliable lifting component being used in industries. Structure failure of crane hook occurs
because of the stress induced due to repetitive loading and unloading conditions. In this study, solid
modeling of crane hook having trapezoidal cross-section referring to one of its existing design is done
using SOLIDWORKS. Further, analyses are carried out in ANSYS Workbench and nCode DesignLife. The
lengths of two parallel sides of the cross-section of crane hook are varied and different candidates are
obtained for loading capacity of 30 ton on the basis of Mass, total Displacement and Von-Mises stress.This
is done to reduce weight and balance economy. Further, out of these candidates, best candidates are
considered and fatigue analysis is performed on these candidates.
Stress analysis and optimization of crankshaft under dynamic loading 2IAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study that optimized the design of a forged steel crankshaft through finite element analysis and stress modeling. The analysis found the crankshaft experiences maximum stress at location 2. Geometry optimization focused on removing non-critical material while maintaining dynamic balance. Optimization included increasing hole diameters, deepening holes, and modifying crank web geometry. The goal was reducing weight and cost while not exceeding the original design's stress levels. Material choices and compressive rolling were also evaluated for increasing fatigue strength.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Modeling and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting Rod by Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Connecting rod is a major link inside of a internal combustion engine. It is the intermediate member
between the piston and the crankshaft. Its primary function is to transmit the push and pull from the piston pin
to the crank pin thus converting the reciprocating motion of piston in to rotary motion of the crank. In this paper
a static analysis is conducted on a connecting rod of a single cylinder 4-stroke petrol engine. The model is
developed using Solid modeling software i.e. PRO/E (creo-parametric). Further finite element analysis is done
to determine the von-misses stresses shear stress and strains for the given loading conditions.
The document discusses the thermo-mechanical analysis of a crankcase for a six cylinder truck diesel engine. It outlines the process of identifying loads from combustion, inertia, thermal effects and assembly and applying them in a finite element analysis of the crankcase. The analysis seeks to determine the durability and fatigue life of the crankcase under the varying operating loads of the engine.
Finite Element Analysis and Design Optimization of Connecting RodIJERA Editor
The objective of this study is to improve the design of connecting rod of single cylinder four stroke Otto cycle
engine by shape optimization. The main objective of this study is weight reduction of connecting rod and
improving its performance without affecting its functionality. Finite element analysis is one of the most
important tools of CAD/CAM CAE. For this study ANSYS analysis software is used for modeling, analysis and
shape design optimization. Initially, according to design considerations maximum loads were calculated for
various maximum operating loading conditions. Calculated loads used as a loading condition in various load
steps of FEM analysis. Stresses generated across all the locations of connecting rod evaluated using ANSYS
Workbench. For optimization ANSYS Shape optimization module is used and extracted the required shape of
connecting rod. Final CAD model of optimized connecting rod is prepared in Design Modeler. Static structural
analysis of modified design is performed and the results compared with baseline design. After result are
validated with the help of Modified Goodman’s Diagram. From the shape optimization we could able to achieve
14.73% weight reduction in existing connecting rod. Since the optimized design is having sufficient life, the
design is much improved as compared to the existing design
This document summarizes a numerical investigation and fatigue life estimation of a conventional diesel engine piston. A finite element analysis was conducted using ANSYS to determine thermal and stress distributions in the piston under operating loads. The piston geometry was meshed and assigned material properties of an aluminum alloy. Temperature loads from 250°C to 650°C and pressure loads from 1 to 60 bar were applied. The results from the finite element analysis were then used to estimate the fatigue life of the piston according to ASME standards. The analysis determined a fatigue life of 868,587 cycles with a peak stress of 69.8 MPa.
IRJET- A Review of Testing of Multi Cylinder S.I. Petrol EngineIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a review of testing methods for multi-cylinder spark ignition petrol engines. It discusses the Morse test, which involves running the engine at a constant speed and cutting off the firing of each cylinder in turn to determine the individual indicated power of each cylinder. This allows calculation of the total indicated power and mechanical efficiency of the engine. The document provides background on engine dynamometers, reviews various literature on engine testing techniques, and discusses the future scope and conclusions of using the Morse test method for evaluating multi-cylinder engine performance.
OPTIMIZATION AND FATIGUE ANALYSISOF A CRANE HOOK USING FINITE ELEMENT METHODijmech
Stress analysis plays an important role in the design of structures like crane hook under loading conditions.
Crane hook is a reliable lifting component being used in industries. Structure failure of crane hook occurs
because of the stress induced due to repetitive loading and unloading conditions. In this study, solid
modeling of crane hook having trapezoidal cross-section referring to one of its existing design is done
using SOLIDWORKS. Further, analyses are carried out in ANSYS Workbench and nCode DesignLife. The
lengths of two parallel sides of the cross-section of crane hook are varied and different candidates are
obtained for loading capacity of 30 ton on the basis of Mass, total Displacement and Von-Mises stress.This
is done to reduce weight and balance economy. Further, out of these candidates, best candidates are
considered and fatigue analysis is performed on these candidates.
Analysis of main beam of bridge crane based on ANSYSIJRES Journal
In this paper, the beam of bridge crane is the research object. This paper introduced the main
structure of the bridge crane. Four kinds of work conditions are studied, and a finite condition analysis is
carried out based on ANSYS. According to the actual operating results and theoretical analysis on allowable
bending and allowable stress this paper confirmed that the stiffness safety of beam meets the design
requirements, and provided reliable basis and optimization of crane design.
This document summarizes a research paper that evaluates the critical speed of a generator rotor while considering external loads. It introduces the importance of evaluating critical speed while accounting for external loads. It describes the methodology used, which automates the critical speed analysis in ANSYS using a script. The script allows inputs like rotor dimensions and loads to be variables. Results from the script are compared to analytical calculations and show good agreement. The research demonstrates a method to automatically evaluate critical speeds for any rotor configuration while considering important external loads.
1. The document describes an experimental study to optimize the process parameters of a two-stroke spark ignition engine using a variable carburetor system.
2. Simplex optimization method was used to determine the optimal air-fuel ratio, air volume, and fuel mass to improve engine performance.
3. The results show that after optimization, the engine achieved higher air-fuel ratio, air mass, and thermal efficiency, with lower fuel consumption compared to the existing carburetor system. The variable carburetor system enhanced engine performance.
Design, Analysis and weight optimization of Crane Hook: A Reviewijsrd.com
Crane hook are highly liable component and are always subjected to failure due to accumulation of large amount of stress which can eventually lead to its failure .In this present work, to study the different design parameter & stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition for different cross section, the design and drafting of crane hook will be prepared by using ANSYS 14.5. By finite element analysis, the stress which is to be formed in various cross section are compared with design calculation .The stress concentration factors are used in strength and durability evaluation of structure and machine element. In this work and also we observe the parameter that affects the weight reduction.
Comparison of stress between winkler bach theory and ansys finite element met...eSAT Journals
Abstract Crane Hooks are highly liable components and are always subjected to failure due to the amount of stresses concentration which can eventually lead to its failure. To study the stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition, a solid model of crane hook is prepared with the help of CATIA (Computer Aided Three Dimensional Interactive Application) software. Pattern of stress distribution in 3D model of crane hook is obtained using ANSYS software. The stress distribution pattern is verified for its correctness on model of crane hook using Winkler-Bach theory for curved beams. The complete study is an initiative to establish an ANSYS based Finite Element procedure, by validating the results, for the measurement of stress with Winkler-Bach theory for curved beams. Keywords: Crane Hook, CATIA, ANSYS, Curved Beam, Stress, Winkler-Bach Theory
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
EShape Optimization Of A Suspension Bellcrank Using 3d Finite Element MethodsIJERA Editor
The paper represents an application of an optimization procedure for a mass and stress optimization of the bellcrank of a double wishbone suspension system of SRM University’s FormulaSAE vehicle. The used optimization procedure, so-called Fully Stressed Design, is based on an indirect approach utilizing optimum criteria. The aim of the optimization was to achieve the lowest possible mass of the construction taking into consideration the allowed resistance and also to investigate and analyze the structural stress distribution of bellcrank at the real time condition during damping process and the spring actuation.
IRJET- Design, Analysis and Performance Testing of a Diesel Engine as a Porta...IRJET Journal
This document presents the design, analysis, and performance testing of a diesel engine to be used as a portable electrical generator. It involves the following:
1. The functional design of the engine including calculations to determine specifications like bore, stroke, speed, fuel consumption, etc. based on the power requirement.
2. The design of key engine components like the cylinder, cylinder head, piston assembly, connecting rod and crankshaft. This includes calculating dimensions based on withstanding gas pressure and heat dissipation requirements.
3. The performance of the designed engine will be tested and analyzed using the Willan's line method to determine actual performance parameters and losses compared to the theoretical design values.
This document is a thesis submitted by Pravardhan S. Shenoy to the University of Toledo in partial fulfillment of a Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering. The thesis, advised by Dr. Ali Fatemi, involves dynamic load analysis and optimization of a connecting rod. The study performs load analysis on the connecting rod to determine dynamic loads over time. Finite element analysis is conducted under quasi-dynamic and static loads. The connecting rod is then optimized for weight and cost subject to constraints like fatigue life.
Stress and Vibration Analysis of Turbine RotorIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and analysis of a turbine rotor intended to operate at speeds between 30,000-50,000 RPM. It discusses:
- Designing a blisk rotor using axi-symmetric modeling for stress analysis and optimization.
- Material selection for the rotor, with titanium alloy found to reduce thermal stresses compared to nickel alloy.
- Dynamic analysis showing the first critical speed to be 34,176 RPM, well above the operating speed.
- Stress analysis of the optimized rotor design found highest stresses of 451 MPa to be below the material yield strength.
- The rotor design was concluded to withstand the intended operating stresses and speeds.
THERMAL & STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON DISC BRAKE ROTOR WITH DRAFTING USING CATIA ...NitinSuryawanshi12
Project consist of two types of analysis thermal , structural & VBA Programming.
Thermal analysis is done to check the thermal resistance of model Honda Unicorn 160.
Structural analysis is done to find the strength of the model.
VBA programming is used to automate drafting task.
IRJET- Finite Element Simulation of Pressurized FluidIRJET Journal
1) The document describes a finite element simulation of a pressurized fluid using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method in ABAQUS software.
2) It specifically models a typical landing gear shock absorber system for a re-entry vehicle undergoing a simulated landing with 3g acceleration.
3) The analysis determines the optimal orifice diameter and fluid to air volume ratio for maximum shock absorption based on the SPH simulation results. An orifice diameter of 10mm showed the best performance.
1) The document describes a finite element analysis of a connecting rod from a diesel engine to optimize its design.
2) A CAD model of the connecting rod was created in Pro/E and then analyzed under quasi-dynamic loading conditions using ANSYS.
3) The analysis found that von Mises stresses were highest in the shank area between the big and small ends, but also identified regions of low stress where material could potentially be removed to reduce weight without compromising safety.
This document describes a finite element analysis simulation of thermal and mechanical stresses on a piston from a marine diesel engine. The piston model was developed in SolidWorks and imported into ANSYS for simulation. Boundary conditions including combustion pressure, temperature-dependent material properties, and heat transfer coefficients were applied. The results found that the highest stress was the coupled thermal-mechanical stress, which was below the material yield stress even at elevated temperatures, indicating the piston design would withstand operating stresses. The analysis provides useful information for piston design optimization.
Design and Analysis of A Suspension Coil Spring For Automotive VehicleIJERA Editor
The suspension system is used to observe the vibrations from shock loads due to irregularities of the road
surface. It is perform its function without impairing the stability, steering (or) general handling of the vehicle.
Generally for light vehicles, coil springs are used as suspension system. A spring is an elastic object used to
store mechanical energy and it can be twist, pulled (or) stretched by some force and can return to their original
shape when the force is released. The present work attempts to analyze the safe load of the light vehicle
suspension spring with different materials. This investigation includes comparison of modeling and analyses of
primary suspension spring made of low carbon-structural steel and chrome vanadium steel and suggested the
suitability for optimum design. The results show the reduction in overall stress and deflection of spring for
chosen materials.
IRJET- Combined Load Analysis of Re-Profiled Railway WheelIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the thermal and structural loads on a railway wheel during braking. It develops an analytical model to calculate the heat flux, film coefficient, and angular velocity for different wheel radii and velocities. A 3D model of an S-shaped wheel is created in CATIA and meshed in ANSYS for finite element analysis. The model applies a calculated heat flux at the contact surface between the wheel and brake block to determine temperature distribution. It also examines stress distribution under combined thermal and mechanical loads and compares results to existing wheel designs to reduce stresses. The analysis seeks to improve wheel design and withstand thermal damage from repeated braking.
Design and Stress Analysis of various cross section of HookIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Parametric Optimization of Eicher 11.10 Chassis Frame for Weight Reduction Us...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The chassis serves as a backbone for supporting the body and different parts of the automobile. It
should be rigid enough to withstand the shock, twist, vibration and other stresses. Along with strength, an
important consideration in chassis design is to have adequate bending stiffness. The main objective of the
research is to obtain the minimum weight of Eicher 11.10 chassis frame. The chassis frame is made of two side
members joined with a series of cross members. The number of cross members, their locations, cross-section
and the sizes of the side and the cross members becomes the design variables. The chassis frame model is to be
developed in Solid works and analyzed using Ansys. Since the no. of parameters and levels are more, the
probable models are too many. So, to select optimum parameters among them large no of modeling and analysis
work is involved which consumes more time. To overcome this problem TAGUCHI method along with FEA is
use. The weight reduction of the side bar is achieved by changing the Parameters using orthogonal array. Then
FEA is performed on those models to get the best solution. This method can save material used, production cost
and time.
Keywords: Parametric optimization, Chassis frame, FE analysis, FEA-DOE hybrid modeling, Weight
reduction
This project analyzed the thermal and mechanical loads on brake discs to understand deformation and cracking using computer aided design, simulation, and testing. The document outlines the project scope, prior research on brake disc analysis, experimental testing on a Vauxhall VX220 to measure heat rise under braking, validation of the mechanical clamping force and thermal stresses through calculations, finite element analysis of brake disc designs under thermal and mechanical loads, limitations, and suggestions for future work.
Review on Design and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting RodIRJET Journal
This document reviews the design and analysis of connecting rods used in two-wheeler engines. It begins with an abstract summarizing the goal of modifying an existing connecting rod design to reduce weight while satisfying design constraints. It then provides a literature review of previous research on connecting rod design and analysis, materials selection, and optimization. This includes analyzing different materials and designs using methods like finite element analysis. The document concludes by stating that most studies found aluminum alloys provided benefits like reduced weight, stress, and strain compared to traditional steel designs.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Analysis of main beam of bridge crane based on ANSYSIJRES Journal
In this paper, the beam of bridge crane is the research object. This paper introduced the main
structure of the bridge crane. Four kinds of work conditions are studied, and a finite condition analysis is
carried out based on ANSYS. According to the actual operating results and theoretical analysis on allowable
bending and allowable stress this paper confirmed that the stiffness safety of beam meets the design
requirements, and provided reliable basis and optimization of crane design.
This document summarizes a research paper that evaluates the critical speed of a generator rotor while considering external loads. It introduces the importance of evaluating critical speed while accounting for external loads. It describes the methodology used, which automates the critical speed analysis in ANSYS using a script. The script allows inputs like rotor dimensions and loads to be variables. Results from the script are compared to analytical calculations and show good agreement. The research demonstrates a method to automatically evaluate critical speeds for any rotor configuration while considering important external loads.
1. The document describes an experimental study to optimize the process parameters of a two-stroke spark ignition engine using a variable carburetor system.
2. Simplex optimization method was used to determine the optimal air-fuel ratio, air volume, and fuel mass to improve engine performance.
3. The results show that after optimization, the engine achieved higher air-fuel ratio, air mass, and thermal efficiency, with lower fuel consumption compared to the existing carburetor system. The variable carburetor system enhanced engine performance.
Design, Analysis and weight optimization of Crane Hook: A Reviewijsrd.com
Crane hook are highly liable component and are always subjected to failure due to accumulation of large amount of stress which can eventually lead to its failure .In this present work, to study the different design parameter & stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition for different cross section, the design and drafting of crane hook will be prepared by using ANSYS 14.5. By finite element analysis, the stress which is to be formed in various cross section are compared with design calculation .The stress concentration factors are used in strength and durability evaluation of structure and machine element. In this work and also we observe the parameter that affects the weight reduction.
Comparison of stress between winkler bach theory and ansys finite element met...eSAT Journals
Abstract Crane Hooks are highly liable components and are always subjected to failure due to the amount of stresses concentration which can eventually lead to its failure. To study the stress pattern of crane hook in its loaded condition, a solid model of crane hook is prepared with the help of CATIA (Computer Aided Three Dimensional Interactive Application) software. Pattern of stress distribution in 3D model of crane hook is obtained using ANSYS software. The stress distribution pattern is verified for its correctness on model of crane hook using Winkler-Bach theory for curved beams. The complete study is an initiative to establish an ANSYS based Finite Element procedure, by validating the results, for the measurement of stress with Winkler-Bach theory for curved beams. Keywords: Crane Hook, CATIA, ANSYS, Curved Beam, Stress, Winkler-Bach Theory
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
EShape Optimization Of A Suspension Bellcrank Using 3d Finite Element MethodsIJERA Editor
The paper represents an application of an optimization procedure for a mass and stress optimization of the bellcrank of a double wishbone suspension system of SRM University’s FormulaSAE vehicle. The used optimization procedure, so-called Fully Stressed Design, is based on an indirect approach utilizing optimum criteria. The aim of the optimization was to achieve the lowest possible mass of the construction taking into consideration the allowed resistance and also to investigate and analyze the structural stress distribution of bellcrank at the real time condition during damping process and the spring actuation.
IRJET- Design, Analysis and Performance Testing of a Diesel Engine as a Porta...IRJET Journal
This document presents the design, analysis, and performance testing of a diesel engine to be used as a portable electrical generator. It involves the following:
1. The functional design of the engine including calculations to determine specifications like bore, stroke, speed, fuel consumption, etc. based on the power requirement.
2. The design of key engine components like the cylinder, cylinder head, piston assembly, connecting rod and crankshaft. This includes calculating dimensions based on withstanding gas pressure and heat dissipation requirements.
3. The performance of the designed engine will be tested and analyzed using the Willan's line method to determine actual performance parameters and losses compared to the theoretical design values.
This document is a thesis submitted by Pravardhan S. Shenoy to the University of Toledo in partial fulfillment of a Master of Science degree in Mechanical Engineering. The thesis, advised by Dr. Ali Fatemi, involves dynamic load analysis and optimization of a connecting rod. The study performs load analysis on the connecting rod to determine dynamic loads over time. Finite element analysis is conducted under quasi-dynamic and static loads. The connecting rod is then optimized for weight and cost subject to constraints like fatigue life.
Stress and Vibration Analysis of Turbine RotorIRJET Journal
This document summarizes the design and analysis of a turbine rotor intended to operate at speeds between 30,000-50,000 RPM. It discusses:
- Designing a blisk rotor using axi-symmetric modeling for stress analysis and optimization.
- Material selection for the rotor, with titanium alloy found to reduce thermal stresses compared to nickel alloy.
- Dynamic analysis showing the first critical speed to be 34,176 RPM, well above the operating speed.
- Stress analysis of the optimized rotor design found highest stresses of 451 MPa to be below the material yield strength.
- The rotor design was concluded to withstand the intended operating stresses and speeds.
THERMAL & STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON DISC BRAKE ROTOR WITH DRAFTING USING CATIA ...NitinSuryawanshi12
Project consist of two types of analysis thermal , structural & VBA Programming.
Thermal analysis is done to check the thermal resistance of model Honda Unicorn 160.
Structural analysis is done to find the strength of the model.
VBA programming is used to automate drafting task.
IRJET- Finite Element Simulation of Pressurized FluidIRJET Journal
1) The document describes a finite element simulation of a pressurized fluid using the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method in ABAQUS software.
2) It specifically models a typical landing gear shock absorber system for a re-entry vehicle undergoing a simulated landing with 3g acceleration.
3) The analysis determines the optimal orifice diameter and fluid to air volume ratio for maximum shock absorption based on the SPH simulation results. An orifice diameter of 10mm showed the best performance.
1) The document describes a finite element analysis of a connecting rod from a diesel engine to optimize its design.
2) A CAD model of the connecting rod was created in Pro/E and then analyzed under quasi-dynamic loading conditions using ANSYS.
3) The analysis found that von Mises stresses were highest in the shank area between the big and small ends, but also identified regions of low stress where material could potentially be removed to reduce weight without compromising safety.
This document describes a finite element analysis simulation of thermal and mechanical stresses on a piston from a marine diesel engine. The piston model was developed in SolidWorks and imported into ANSYS for simulation. Boundary conditions including combustion pressure, temperature-dependent material properties, and heat transfer coefficients were applied. The results found that the highest stress was the coupled thermal-mechanical stress, which was below the material yield stress even at elevated temperatures, indicating the piston design would withstand operating stresses. The analysis provides useful information for piston design optimization.
Design and Analysis of A Suspension Coil Spring For Automotive VehicleIJERA Editor
The suspension system is used to observe the vibrations from shock loads due to irregularities of the road
surface. It is perform its function without impairing the stability, steering (or) general handling of the vehicle.
Generally for light vehicles, coil springs are used as suspension system. A spring is an elastic object used to
store mechanical energy and it can be twist, pulled (or) stretched by some force and can return to their original
shape when the force is released. The present work attempts to analyze the safe load of the light vehicle
suspension spring with different materials. This investigation includes comparison of modeling and analyses of
primary suspension spring made of low carbon-structural steel and chrome vanadium steel and suggested the
suitability for optimum design. The results show the reduction in overall stress and deflection of spring for
chosen materials.
IRJET- Combined Load Analysis of Re-Profiled Railway WheelIRJET Journal
This document analyzes the thermal and structural loads on a railway wheel during braking. It develops an analytical model to calculate the heat flux, film coefficient, and angular velocity for different wheel radii and velocities. A 3D model of an S-shaped wheel is created in CATIA and meshed in ANSYS for finite element analysis. The model applies a calculated heat flux at the contact surface between the wheel and brake block to determine temperature distribution. It also examines stress distribution under combined thermal and mechanical loads and compares results to existing wheel designs to reduce stresses. The analysis seeks to improve wheel design and withstand thermal damage from repeated braking.
Design and Stress Analysis of various cross section of HookIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Parametric Optimization of Eicher 11.10 Chassis Frame for Weight Reduction Us...IOSR Journals
Abstract: The chassis serves as a backbone for supporting the body and different parts of the automobile. It
should be rigid enough to withstand the shock, twist, vibration and other stresses. Along with strength, an
important consideration in chassis design is to have adequate bending stiffness. The main objective of the
research is to obtain the minimum weight of Eicher 11.10 chassis frame. The chassis frame is made of two side
members joined with a series of cross members. The number of cross members, their locations, cross-section
and the sizes of the side and the cross members becomes the design variables. The chassis frame model is to be
developed in Solid works and analyzed using Ansys. Since the no. of parameters and levels are more, the
probable models are too many. So, to select optimum parameters among them large no of modeling and analysis
work is involved which consumes more time. To overcome this problem TAGUCHI method along with FEA is
use. The weight reduction of the side bar is achieved by changing the Parameters using orthogonal array. Then
FEA is performed on those models to get the best solution. This method can save material used, production cost
and time.
Keywords: Parametric optimization, Chassis frame, FE analysis, FEA-DOE hybrid modeling, Weight
reduction
This project analyzed the thermal and mechanical loads on brake discs to understand deformation and cracking using computer aided design, simulation, and testing. The document outlines the project scope, prior research on brake disc analysis, experimental testing on a Vauxhall VX220 to measure heat rise under braking, validation of the mechanical clamping force and thermal stresses through calculations, finite element analysis of brake disc designs under thermal and mechanical loads, limitations, and suggestions for future work.
Review on Design and Analysis of Two Wheeler Connecting RodIRJET Journal
This document reviews the design and analysis of connecting rods used in two-wheeler engines. It begins with an abstract summarizing the goal of modifying an existing connecting rod design to reduce weight while satisfying design constraints. It then provides a literature review of previous research on connecting rod design and analysis, materials selection, and optimization. This includes analyzing different materials and designs using methods like finite element analysis. The document concludes by stating that most studies found aluminum alloys provided benefits like reduced weight, stress, and strain compared to traditional steel designs.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document discusses optimal selection of binary codes for pulse compression in surveillance radar. It describes how pulse compression allows radar to achieve high range resolution while maintaining high signal energy by modulating a long pulse. Binary phase coding is discussed as a method for pulse compression where a long pulse is divided into sub-pulses that are coded with either 0 or pi phase shifts according to a binary sequence. The autocorrelation properties of different binary codes impact the performance of pulse compression radar. The document aims to compare binary codes through simulation of their autocorrelation functions to identify the most optimal code for surveillance applications.
This document discusses an audio watermarking technique that embeds watermarks in the least significant bits of audio samples using bitwise XOR. It involves sampling an audio signal, embedding the binary bits of a watermark message by XORing them with audio sample bits, and applying an adjustment method to improve accuracy. The adjustment chooses a value close to the original sample while keeping the watermark bit. The watermark is extracted using bitwise XOR of the watermarked and original samples. An analysis compares the technique with and without adjustment based on mean squared error between original and watermarked signals, showing adjustment reduces error.
This document summarizes a study on electromagnetic modeling of electronic package wirebonds. It describes how the finite integration technique was used to simulate different wirebond geometries and materials. Key findings include:
1) Copper wirebonds performed better than gold in terms of transmission and reflection coefficient.
2) Increasing the total wirebond length (height + horizontal length) worsened the return loss. Shorter lengths were preferable.
3) Variations in wirebond height and position due to processing errors could cause up to 0.8dB difference in return loss between theoretical and actual positions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
This document discusses a dynamic load and stress analysis of a crankshaft from a single cylinder four stroke engine. Finite element analysis was performed to determine stress variations at critical locations under different loads and speeds. The analysis results, including critical stress locations and the effects of engine speed and torsional loads, were verified by strain measurements on a physical crankshaft. The dynamic stress analysis can be used to calculate fatigue life and optimize crankshaft design.
This document summarizes a study that evaluated the design of an automobile connecting rod using finite element analysis to optimize it for high cycle fatigue strength. The study developed a 3D model of a connecting rod, analyzed stresses under different loading conditions using FEA software, and identified areas of high stress concentration. Six different load cases were considered for the analysis, including bolt preload, inertial forces at various engine speeds, and combined gas and inertial forces. The maximum and minimum bolt preloads were identified as critical parameters for the high cycle fatigue analysis. The study aimed to establish a systematic procedure to evaluate and optimize connecting rod design for fatigue life using finite element modeling.
Design, Analysis and Optimization of a 6 cylinder Engine Crank shaftIJMER
This paper deals with; the problem occurred in six cylinders four stroke engine crankshaft. It
consist of static structural analysis of six cylinder engine crank shaft. It identifies and solves the
problem by using the modelling and simulation techniques. The main work was to model the
crankshaft with dimensions and then simulate the crankshaft for static structural analysis. The
topic was chosen because of increasing interest in higher payloads, lower weight, higher efficiency
and shorter load cycles in crankshaft. The modelling software used is Unigraphics-NX7.5 for
modelling the crankshaft. The analysis software ANSYS is used for structural analysis of crankshaft. The
objective involves modelling and analysis of crankshaft, so as to identify the effect of stresses on
crankshaft, to compare various materials and to provide possible solution. Results obtained from the
aforementioned analysis were then used in optimization of the crankshaft. The first step in the
optimization process was weight reduction of the component considering static loading. This required the
stress range under static loading not to exceed the magnitude of the stress range in the original
crankshaft. Possible weight reduction options and their combinations were considered. The optimization
process resulted in a weight reduction, increased strength and a reduced cost of the crankshaft.
Analysis of Cabin Mounting Bracket of Truck Using ANSYSinventionjournals
In an automobile industry while designing the components, the most critical aspect considered is the compactness and the weight of the component. The mounting brackets are meant for supporting the structural component and electronic components such as batteries, seats, cabin, chassis, rear body and also it should support the external load such as passenger’s weight. In the initial stage the bracket is designed according to the specifications of the mountings without considering any other factors. Analysis is performed for Existing and New modified designs. The design structure is optimized for its topology and topography. In the present work an attempt has been made to produce optimized design of a mounting bracket. The modeling is carried out in CATIA and meshing with quality is ensured through Hyper Mesh. The analysis is carried out using ANSYS by the objective function as shape and topology and the weighting function as weight, and constraints are on deflection and stresses induced.
Design, Analysis & Balancing of 5 Cylinder Engine CrankshaftIJMER
This document summarizes the design, analysis, and balancing of a 5 cylinder engine crankshaft. It discusses modeling the crankshaft in Solidworks and analyzing it in ANSYS using finite element analysis. Calculations are shown for designing the crankshaft and crankpin based on engine specifications. Loading and boundary conditions are applied for static structural analysis to determine stresses and deflection. Von Mises and shear stresses from the analysis match theoretical calculations. The conclusions are that finite element analysis is effective for determining permissible stresses and that the 5 cylinder design provides weight optimization and lower cost compared to a 6 cylinder configuration.
IRJET- Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod of 4 Stroke Petrol Engine by usi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research study that performed finite element analysis on the connecting rod of a 4-stroke petrol engine to determine stresses, strains, and safety factors when using two different materials - AISI 1070 steel and AISI 4337 steel. The connecting rod model was created in SolidWorks and analyzed in ANSYS Workbench. The analysis results showed the design was safe under the given loading conditions and can help minimize future maintenance needs. The study aims to identify failure-prone areas and optimize the connecting rod design.
Modeling and Stress Analysis Of Crankshaft Using FEM Package ANSYSIRJET Journal
This document presents a finite element analysis of a crankshaft using ANSYS. A 3D model of the crankshaft is created in Solidworks and meshed in Hyperworks. Static structural analysis is performed in ANSYS for different materials, including structural steel, Inconel x750, and Al6061. Boundary conditions are applied to simulate supports, and pressure is applied to the crankpin. Results such as total deformation, von Mises stress, and shear stress are obtained and compared for the different materials.
Stress Analysis of I.C.Engine Connecting Rod by FEM and PhotoelasticityIOSR Journals
Abstract: The automobile engine connecting rod is a high volume production critical component. Every vehicle
that uses an internal combustion engine requires at least one connecting rod .From the viewpoint of
functionality, connecting rods must have the highest possible rigidity at the lowest weight. The major stress
induced in the connecting rod is a combination of axial and bending stresses in operation. The axial stresses are
produced due to cylinder gas pressure (compressive only) and the inertia force arising in account of
reciprocating action (both tensile as well as compressive), where as bending stresses are caused due to the
centrifugal effects. The result of which is, the maximum stresses are developed at the fillet section of the big and
the small end.Hence, the paper deals with the stress analysis of connecting rod by Finite Element Method using
Pro/E Wildfire 4.0 and ANSYS WORKBENCH 11.0 software. The comparison and verification of the results
obtained in FEA is done experimentally by the method of Photo elasticity(Optical Method). The method of
Photoelasticity includes the casting of Photoelastic sheet using Resin AY103 and Hardner HY951, preparation
of the model from Photoelastic sheet calibration of the sheet to determine material fringe value.
Keywords - Big End fillet section ,Connecting Rod, Compressive Stresses , Failure of Connecting Rod, FEA,
Photoelasticity, Small End fillet section, Tensile Stresses.
Static Stress Analysis of Connecting Rod Using Finite Element ApproachIOSR Journals
Every vehicle which equipped with internal combustion engine requires connecting rod. In this paper a static stress analysis of connecting rod made up of SS 304 used in Cummins NTA 885 BC engine is conducted, using finite element method. After measuring the dimension of connecting rod, model is developed in CATIA V5 software and imported to ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.0 software. Static analysis is done by fixing the smaller end and load is applied at bigger end of connecting rod. Stress developed at four different sections is used for analysis. Maximum stress point and section prone to failure is finding out by this analysis. Graph between stress and load is plotted at section prone to failure and result of stress analysis is shown with the help of image.
Finite element analysis of single cylinder engineLaukik Raut
This paper deals with, the problem occurred in single cylinder engine crank shaft. It consist of static structural
and fatigue analysis of single cylinder engine crank shaft. It identifies and solves the problem by using the
modeling and simulation techniques. The topic was chosen because of increasing interest in higher payloads,
lower weight, higher efficiency and shorter load cycles in crankshaft. The main work was to model the crank
shaft with dimensions and then simulate the crank shaft for static structural and fatigue analysis. The modeling
software used is PRO-E wildfire 4.0 for modeling the crank shaft. The analysis software ANSYS will be used for
structural and fatigue analysis of crank shaft for future work. The material for crank shaft is EN9 and other
alternate materials on which analysis will be done are SAE 1045, SAE 1137, SAE 3140, and Nickel Cast Iron.
The objectives involves modeling and analysis of crank shaft, so as to identify the effect of stresses on crank
shaft, to compare various materials and to provide possible solution.
Connecting Rods are practically generally used in all varieties of automobile engines. Acting as an
intermediate link between the piston and the crankshaft of an engine. It is responsible for transmission of the up
and down motion of the piston to the crankshaft of the engine, by converting the reciprocating motion of the
piston to the rotary motion of crankshaft. Thus, this study aims to carry out for the load, strain and stress analysis
of the crank end of the connecting rod of different materials. Based on which the High Strength Carbon Fiber
connecting rod will be compared with connecting rod made up of Stainless Steel and Aluminum Alloy. The
results can be used for optimization for weight reduction and for design modification of the connecting rod. Pro-E
software is used for modeling and analyses are carried out in ANSYS software. The results archived can also help
us identify the spot or section where chances of failure are high due to stress induced. Also the results obtained
can be used to modify the existing designs so that better performance and longer life cycle can be archived.
Keywords —Connecting Rod, Pro-E, FEA, ANSYS Workbench, Crank, Crankshaft, Piston, Carbon Fiber,
Stainless Steel, Aluminum Alloy.
This document summarizes a study that evaluates the design of a connecting rod using finite element analysis. It begins by introducing the connecting rod component and its function in an internal combustion engine. It then reviews previous related studies and identifies a gap in analyzing stresses and fatigue life of connecting rods in light vehicle engines. The objectives are defined as evaluating the stresses and fatigue failure of an existing connecting rod design, creating a CAD model, conducting finite element analysis, testing on a universal testing machine, analyzing alternative designs, and recommending a best design. Dimensions and material properties of the existing connecting rod are provided. Mathematical calculations of forces and stresses on the connecting rod are shown. The methodology involves creating a finite element model and conducting finite element analysis to
DESIGN, OPTIMIZATION AND FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF CRANKSHAFTijiert bestjournal
Crankshaft is a crucial component in an engine asse mbly. Crankshaft is consisting of two web sections and one crankpin,which converts the reciprocating displacement of the pist on to a rotary motion with a four link mechanism. G enerally crankshafts are manufactured using cast iron and forged steel mater ial. In this work to design and finite element anal ysis of crankshaft of 4 cylinder petrol engine of Maruti swift Vxi. of 1200 cubic capacity. The finite element analysis in ABA QUS software by using six materials based on their composition viz. Cast iron,EN30B,SAE4340,Structural steel,C70 Alloy steel and Aluminium based composite material reinforced with silicon carbide & fly ash. The parameter like von misses stress,deformation;maximum and minimum principal stress & strain were obtained from analysis software. The results of Finite element show that t he Aluminium based composite material is best mater ial among all. Compare the result like weight and Stiffness parameter. It is resulted of 65.539 % of weight,with reduction i n deformation.
IRJET- Design Analysis & Optimization of Two Wheeler HandlebarIRJET Journal
This document discusses the structural and modal analysis of a motorcycle handlebar using finite element analysis (FEA). The handlebar was modeled in CREO and analyzed in ANSYS to determine its natural frequencies and mode shapes through modal analysis and to calculate stresses and deformations through structural analysis. Three materials were considered for structural analysis. Experimental testing was also conducted and showed good correlation with the FEA results, with an average error of 8-10%. The analyses aimed to optimize the handlebar design to reduce vibrations and improve rider comfort and safety.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET-Design Analysis & Optimization of two Wheeler HandlebarIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on the design analysis and optimization of motorcycle handlebars. The study aims to reduce vibrations transmitted to riders from the road and engine. Modal and structural analysis is performed on handlebar models created in CREO and analyzed in ANSYS to determine natural frequencies, mode shapes, stresses, and deformations. Experimental testing will also be done and compared to finite element analysis results. The goal is to develop a vibration reduction method using simulation to reduce testing time and costs.
IRJET - Review of Suspension System for a Race CarIRJET Journal
This document reviews suspension systems for race cars. It summarizes 15 previous research papers on race car suspension design. The key findings are that double wishbone suspension systems are best for race cars to maintain optimal wheel contact and handling. Simulation software can be used to optimize suspension geometry and components to reduce weight while ensuring strength. Forces extracted from dynamic simulations can then be applied to components in static analysis to evaluate stress and durability. An optimized suspension design starts with kinematic analysis, applies loads from modeling, and uses results to validate component design.
This document discusses optimizing a cast iron crankshaft design to reduce weight and friction through coupled computational analysis. It describes using multi-body dynamics and finite element analysis to evaluate crankshaft durability under different loading conditions. Two optimization scenarios are examined: 1) Reducing bearing diameters to lower friction, and 2) Implementing a hollow crankshaft design to reduce weight while maintaining durability. The analyses provide insights into the tradeoffs between durability, friction reduction, and mass optimization for crankshaft design.
Study of analysis of bus passenger tie rod a revieweSAT Journals
Abstract This paper focuses on the study of buckling load on the Tie rod of steering system that undergoes an axial compression. Because of the external factors like road condition, different driving situations, different road adhesion, traffic conditions, vibrations and sudden jerks are sets up in tie rod. Tie rod generally buckle under the action of compressive force due to the large ratio of tie rod length to its radius of gyration. When it becomes worn out, steering will become more difficult and the vehicle will also typically be pulling or dragging to either side. Thus the aim of the project is to analyze tie rod for to improve the mass and buckling load of tie rod and to find out maximum deformation and stress. Present research is divided in two parts. First, to conduct survey amongst the buses, examine the causes of failure and second is to design and analysis to recommend best possible alternatives of Tie Rod with the aid of advanced design tools like CAD. Tie Rod failure is one of the major problems facing for MSRTC workshop supervisor. Key Words: Buckling Load, Compressive Load, CAD, FEM, MSRTC Bus, Tie Rod etc…
IRJET - Vibration Analysis of Disc Brake by using FEA and FFT AnalyzerIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a research paper that analyzed vibration in disc brakes through finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental testing. The researchers created 3D models of a disc brake in different designs and performed modal analysis to evaluate the natural frequencies and mode shapes. They then conducted experimental vibration testing on the physical disc brakes using an FFT analyzer to measure the natural frequencies and compared the results to the FEA analysis. The goal was to optimize the disc brake design by changing the hole shapes to reduce vibrations while maintaining the original natural frequencies through both analytical modeling and experimental validation.
What is an RPA CoE? Session 2 – CoE RolesDianaGray10
In this session, we will review the players involved in the CoE and how each role impacts opportunities.
Topics covered:
• What roles are essential?
• What place in the automation journey does each role play?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
From Natural Language to Structured Solr Queries using LLMsSease
This talk draws on experimentation to enable AI applications with Solr. One important use case is to use AI for better accessibility and discoverability of the data: while User eXperience techniques, lexical search improvements, and data harmonization can take organizations to a good level of accessibility, a structural (or “cognitive” gap) remains between the data user needs and the data producer constraints.
That is where AI – and most importantly, Natural Language Processing and Large Language Model techniques – could make a difference. This natural language, conversational engine could facilitate access and usage of the data leveraging the semantics of any data source.
The objective of the presentation is to propose a technical approach and a way forward to achieve this goal.
The key concept is to enable users to express their search queries in natural language, which the LLM then enriches, interprets, and translates into structured queries based on the Solr index’s metadata.
This approach leverages the LLM’s ability to understand the nuances of natural language and the structure of documents within Apache Solr.
The LLM acts as an intermediary agent, offering a transparent experience to users automatically and potentially uncovering relevant documents that conventional search methods might overlook. The presentation will include the results of this experimental work, lessons learned, best practices, and the scope of future work that should improve the approach and make it production-ready.
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
ScyllaDB is making a major architecture shift. We’re moving from vNode replication to tablets – fragments of tables that are distributed independently, enabling dynamic data distribution and extreme elasticity. In this keynote, ScyllaDB co-founder and CTO Avi Kivity explains the reason for this shift, provides a look at the implementation and roadmap, and shares how this shift benefits ScyllaDB users.
Introducing BoxLang : A new JVM language for productivity and modularity!Ortus Solutions, Corp
Just like life, our code must adapt to the ever changing world we live in. From one day coding for the web, to the next for our tablets or APIs or for running serverless applications. Multi-runtime development is the future of coding, the future is to be dynamic. Let us introduce you to BoxLang.
Dynamic. Modular. Productive.
BoxLang redefines development with its dynamic nature, empowering developers to craft expressive and functional code effortlessly. Its modular architecture prioritizes flexibility, allowing for seamless integration into existing ecosystems.
Interoperability at its Core
With 100% interoperability with Java, BoxLang seamlessly bridges the gap between traditional and modern development paradigms, unlocking new possibilities for innovation and collaboration.
Multi-Runtime
From the tiny 2m operating system binary to running on our pure Java web server, CommandBox, Jakarta EE, AWS Lambda, Microsoft Functions, Web Assembly, Android and more. BoxLang has been designed to enhance and adapt according to it's runnable runtime.
The Fusion of Modernity and Tradition
Experience the fusion of modern features inspired by CFML, Node, Ruby, Kotlin, Java, and Clojure, combined with the familiarity of Java bytecode compilation, making BoxLang a language of choice for forward-thinking developers.
Empowering Transition with Transpiler Support
Transitioning from CFML to BoxLang is seamless with our JIT transpiler, facilitating smooth migration and preserving existing code investments.
Unlocking Creativity with IDE Tools
Unleash your creativity with powerful IDE tools tailored for BoxLang, providing an intuitive development experience and streamlining your workflow. Join us as we embark on a journey to redefine JVM development. Welcome to the era of BoxLang.
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity serverAntonios Katsarakis
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
This talk will cover ScyllaDB Architecture from the cluster-level view and zoom in on data distribution and internal node architecture. In the process, we will learn the secret sauce used to get ScyllaDB's high availability and superior performance. We will also touch on the upcoming changes to ScyllaDB architecture, moving to strongly consistent metadata and tablets.
QA or the Highway - Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend appl...zjhamm304
These are the slides for the presentation, "Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend applications" that was presented at QA or the Highway 2024 in Columbus, OH by Zachary Hamm.
"$10 thousand per minute of downtime: architecture, queues, streaming and fin...Fwdays
Direct losses from downtime in 1 minute = $5-$10 thousand dollars. Reputation is priceless.
As part of the talk, we will consider the architectural strategies necessary for the development of highly loaded fintech solutions. We will focus on using queues and streaming to efficiently work and manage large amounts of data in real-time and to minimize latency.
We will focus special attention on the architectural patterns used in the design of the fintech system, microservices and event-driven architecture, which ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and consistency of the entire system.
MySQL InnoDB Storage Engine: Deep Dive - MydbopsMydbops
This presentation, titled "MySQL - InnoDB" and delivered by Mayank Prasad at the Mydbops Open Source Database Meetup 16 on June 8th, 2024, covers dynamic configuration of REDO logs and instant ADD/DROP columns in InnoDB.
This presentation dives deep into the world of InnoDB, exploring two ground-breaking features introduced in MySQL 8.0:
• Dynamic Configuration of REDO Logs: Enhance your database's performance and flexibility with on-the-fly adjustments to REDO log capacity. Unleash the power of the snake metaphor to visualize how InnoDB manages REDO log files.
• Instant ADD/DROP Columns: Say goodbye to costly table rebuilds! This presentation unveils how InnoDB now enables seamless addition and removal of columns without compromising data integrity or incurring downtime.
Key Learnings:
• Grasp the concept of REDO logs and their significance in InnoDB's transaction management.
• Discover the advantages of dynamic REDO log configuration and how to leverage it for optimal performance.
• Understand the inner workings of instant ADD/DROP columns and their impact on database operations.
• Gain valuable insights into the row versioning mechanism that empowers instant column modifications.
1. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1177 | P a g e
Dynamic Analysis of Single Cylinder Petrol Engine
Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe
Abstract -In this study a dynamic analysis of
single cylinder petrol engine was conducted. Finite
element analysis was performed to obtain the
variation of the stress magnitude at critical
locations of connecting rod and crankshaft. The
dynamic analysis resulted in the development of the
load on piston. This load is calculated from
MATLAB. This load was then applied to the FE
model and boundary conditions were applied
according to the engine assembly. It is observed
that maximum stress is developed at crank pin of
crank shaft. The maximum stresses are developed
at the fillet section of the big and the small end of
connecting rod. Hence, the project deals with the
stress analysis of connecting rod and crankshaft by
Finite Element Method using ANSYS
WORKBENCH 11.0 Software. Also Results
obtained from the analysis were then compared
with analytical method.
Index Terms—Crankshaft, connecting rod and
Ansys workbench 11.0
I. INTRODUCTION
The Internal combustion petrol engine are
those that burn their fuel which is mixture of air and
petrol from carburetor inside the cylinder. These
engine convert the chemical energy stored in their
fuel into heat energy during the power stroke of
piston. The heat energy produced from burning of
fuel is used for motion of piston. During Operation
of four stroke of piston various parts engine is acted
by different stress. Also some parts are undergone
Deformation. All these stresses and deformation
must be studied so that Petrol engine can be
designed by Optimum. The magnitudes, variations
and exposure times for the stresses and temperatures
experienced are the major factors controlling the
lives engine components in service. The role of
stress analysis is to calculate these quantities so that
component service lives can be predicted.
Currently the dynamic analysis of the
internal combustion engine for a given configuration
and specifications is most widely conducted using a
physical test rig. Though the analysis of in-process
stress is very much difficult owing to
the complications of the system and the temperature
of the piston and cylinder assembly..All these
process are manually operated therefore itis time
consuming.
Dynamic analysis of the IC engine can also be
performed using dynamic simulation software like
MSC ADAMS, MATLAB Sim-Mechanics, ANSYS
and the results of the dynamic analysis can then be
imported into a FEA software which can solve for
structural solutions like stress, deformation.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Work done by various researchers in the
areas of defined problem is focused as below
H. D. Desai [1] explained that the
reciprocating engine mechanism is often analyzed,
since it serves all the demands required for the
convenient utilization of natural sources of energy,
such as steam, gaseous and liquid fuels, for
generation of power. Further, it is widely employed
as suitable mechanism for pumps and compressors.
In this paper the complete kinematic and combined
static and inertia force analysis of a horizontal,
single – cylinder, four stroke internal combustion
engine is discussed. The analytical approach is used
as it is more accurate and is less time consuming if it
is programmed for the computer solution. The data
for the analysis of the engine has been taken from
the available literature. The present investigation
furnishes the complete kinematic history of the
driven links and the bearing loads for the complete
working cycle of the engine mechanism. The
complete force analysis of the engine is simplified
by a summation of the static forces and inertia forces
ignoring the friction forces which makes the analysis
linear. The computer program is prepared in fortran
language for both kinematic and dynamic analysis of
the engine at the crank interval of 15° Vivek. C.
Pathade et.al [2] recognized that, the automobile
engine connecting rod is a high volume production
critical component. Every vehicle that uses an
internal combustion engine requires at least one
connecting rod .From the viewpoint of functionality,
connecting rods must have the highest possible
rigidity at the lowest weight. The major stress
induced in the connecting rod is a combination of
axial and bending stresses in operation. The axial
stresses are produced due to cylinder gas pressure
(compressive only) and the inertia force arising in
account of reciprocating action (both tensile as well
as compressive), where as bending stresses are
caused due to the centrifugal effects. The result of
which is, the maximum stresses are developed at the
fillet section of the big and the small end. Hence, the
paper deals with the stress analysis of connecting rod
by Finite Element Method using Pro/E Wildfire 4.0
and ANSYS WORKBENCH 11.0 Software.
Momin Muhammad Zia Muhammad [3]
presented that the crankshaft is an important
component of an engine. This paper presents results
of strength analysis done on crankshaft of a single
cylinder two stroke petrol engine, using PRO/E and
2. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1178 | P a g e
ANSYS software. The three dimensional model of
crankshaft was developed in PRO/E and imported to
ANSYS for strength analysis. This work includes, in
analysis, torsion stress which is generally ignored. A
calculation method is used to validate the model.
The paper also proposes a design modification in the
crankshaft to reduce its mass. The analysis of
modified design is also done.
Anil Kumar et.al [4] explained that Aim of
this work is to optimize weight and reduce inertia
forces on the existing connecting rod, which is
obtained by changing such design variables in the
existing connecting rod design. The model was
developed in Pro/E wildfire 5.0 and then imported as
parasolid (xt) form in ANSYS workbench. In this
work finite element analysis of the single cylinder
four stroke petrol engine connecting rod is
considered as case study. The Von Mises stress,
strain and total deformation determined for the same
loading conditions and compared with the existing
results. Based on the observation of static FEA and
the load analysis result, the load for the optimization
study was selected same as on existing connecting
rod. The current work consists of static structural
analysis. The static analysis was carried out under
axial and buckling load. The model is also selected
for fatigue analysis to determine the fatigue strength.
Gunter Knoll et.al [5] studied that A
software package was developed to simulate the
dynamics of a flexible crankshaft and a flexible
engine block, coupled by nonlinear, distributed,
elastohydrodynamic fluid film bearing reaction
forces. The Kernel of the developed code is a step
size controlled integration of Newton's equations of
motion in the time domain. Large rigid body
motions and small elastic deformations are separated
using special matrix operations. No additional set of
equations for the rigid body motion is required.
Structural properties of the elastic bodies are
represented by stiffness and mass matrices obtained
from commercial finite element programs. A
combined static (Guyan) and modal reduction
scheme is used to limit the number of degrees of
freedom, at which gyroscopic, centrifugal and
coriolis effects are considered by suited reduced
vectors and matrices. An arbitrary number of fluid
film bearings can be defined to couple the finite
element structures. Various (elasto-) hydrodynamic
calculation models can be selected depending on the
needs of accuracy and computational speed. In the
elastohydrodynamic solution a sub structuring
method is employed and Reynolds' equation,
including mass conserving cavitation, is solved on
the bearing surface of the substructure using finite
element methods. The computed results, nodal
displacements, velocities, accelerations and forces,
lubricant pressure and density distributions, journal
orbits etc., indicate the system behavior and support
the system optimization. In an exemple study
computed results are compared to measurements.
Test rig runs were done with a four cylinder four
stroke 1.8 gasoline engine.
Amit Solanki et.al [6] explained that the
performance of any automobile largely depends on
its size and working in dynamic conditions. The
design of the crankshaft considers the dynamic
loading and the optimization can lead to a shaft
diameter satisfying the requirements of automobile
specifications with cost and size effectiveness. The
review of existing literature on crankshaft design
and optimization is presented. The materials,
manufacturing process, failure analysis, design
consideration etc. of the crankshaft are reviewed
here.
Farzin H. Montazersadghand Ali Fatemi [7]
presented that a dynamic simulation was conducted
on a crankshaft from a single cylinder four stroke
engine. Finite element analysis was performed to
obtain the variation of stress magnitude at critical
locations. The pressure-volume diagram was used to
calculate the load boundary condition in dynamic
simulation model, and other simulation inputs were
taken from the engine specification chart. The
dynamic analysis was done analytically and was
verified by simulation in ADAMS which resulted in
the load spectrum applied to crank pin bearing. This
load was applied to the FE model in ABAQUS, and
boundary conditions were applied according to the
engine mounting conditions. The analysis was done
for different engine speeds and as a result critical
engine speed and critical region on the crankshaft
were obtained. Stress variation over the engine cycle
and the effect of torsional load in the analysis were
investigated. Results from FE analysis were verified
by strain gages attached to several locations on the
crankshaft. Results achieved from aforementioned
analysis can be used in fatigue life calculation and
optimization of this component.
III. Analytical Vector Approach
The main objective of the analytical
analysis is to determine the magnitude and direction
of the loads that act on the bearing between
connecting rod and crankshaft, which was then used
in the FEA over an entire cycle. An analytical
approach was used on the basis of a single degree of
freedom slider crank mechanism. MATLAB
programming was used to solve the resulting
equations.
The analytical approach is discussed in
detail in this section. The slider-crank mechanism
with a single degree of freedom considered for
solving the equations of motion is as shown in figure
3.1 below. The following procedure was performed
to obtain different dynamic properties of moving
components.
3. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1179 | P a g e
Fig1slider-crank mechanism
The angle θ shown in Figure1 represents
the crankshaft angle, which is used as the
generalized degree of freedom in the mechanism;
therefore every other dynamic property in this
mechanism would be a function of this angle. The
equations where used in MATLAB and provided the
values of angular velocity and angular acceleration
of the connecting rod, linear acceleration of center of
gravity of the connecting rod, and forces at the
connecting rod-piston bearing and connecting rod-
crankshaft bearing. The advantage of using
MATLAB programming is that any changes in the
input could be made very easily and solution quickly
obtained, whereas using commercial programs such
as Cosmos Motion requires much more time editing
the input data. This advantage comes into
consideration when optimization is to be performed
on a component, since during optimization mass
and/or some dimensions change and making these
changes in the commercial software is time
consuming. The complete MATLAB program used
in this analysis is also given
The engine configuration from which the
crankshaft was taken is shown in Table I below..
The four link mechanism was then solved by
MATLAB programming to obtain the volume of the
cylinder as a function of the crank angle.
IV. Analytical analysis of Slider crank
mechanism
The analysis was based on simulation of the
simple slider-crank mechanism which is shown 3.1
in figure above. As can be seen in the figure 3.1, link
AB is the crankshaft
radius, link BC is the connecting rod
length, and the slider is the piston assembly. The
various parameter of geometry of engine is listed in
Table I which shows Configuration of the engine to
which the crankshaft belongs.
Table-I
Some analytical formulae for piston connecting rod
and crankshaft used for dynamic analytical analysis
of petrol engine.
I. Piston Effort:It is the net force acting on the
piston. It is denoted by Fp
Fp= FL+ FI
Where FL=Net load on piston=Pressure X
𝜋
4
X D2
FI=Inertia force of reciprocating parts
II. Forces acting along connecting rod FQ =
Fp
𝑐𝑜𝑠
III. Crank pin effort: FT= FQ x sin(ø + )
IV. Torque on the crankshaft: T= FT x r
Where r =Radius of crank
V. Shear stress of crankshaft: fs =
𝑻.𝟏𝟔
𝝅 𝑫 𝟑
Minimum crossectional area of connecting rod is
1500 mm2
.
Using above formulae dynamic analytical analysis
of petrol engine can be done. stress on connecting
rod and Shear stress of crankshaft can be
determined
Table II Shows stress on connecting rod and Shear
stress of crankshaft for crank angle 0°, 45°,90 ° up to
360°.
Table II
Crank
Angle
Stress in
connecting
rod
(N/mm2
)
Shear stress of
crank shaft
(N/mm2
)
0 -0.174 0
45 1.160 0.6829
90 1.67 1.109
135 1.814 0.678
180 2.178 0
225 2.299 0.860
270 2.760 1.833
315 6.470 3.809
360 13.926 0
Crankshaft radius 37 mm
Piston diameter 89 mm
Mass of connecting rod 0.283 kg
Mass of piston assembly 0.417 kg
Connecting rod length 120.78 mm
IZZ of connecting rod
about CG
0.663 X 10-3 kg/m2
Distance of C.G. of
connecting rod from crank
end center
28.6 mm
Maximum gas pressure 35 Bar
4. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1180 | P a g e
VI. STRESS ANALYSIS BY FEA
In this chapter, Material properties,
Meshing Details, Boundary condition and modeling
of engine assembly are focused.
Steps of Finite Element analysis of Petrol engine.
I. Defining Element Types: The element library of
analysis software contains more than 100
different element types. Each element type has a
unique number that defines the element
category. I have selected the Element SOLID
186 because I have to analyze 3D model of
Engine assembly. Number of element is
867610.
II. Defining the Material Properties: I have selected
Structural Steel as a material for 3D solid model
of Engine assembly. The value of properties
corresponding to Structural steel material like
young‟s modulus , Poisson‟s ratio, Density or
yield strength as shown in table III
Table III Material Properties used for
simulation
Material Structural Steel
Property Value
Density 7850 kg/m3
Young‟s Modulus 200 GPa
Poisson‟s ratio 0.3
Bulk Modulus 166 GPa
Shear Modulus 76 GPa
Tensile yield Strength 250 MPa
Compressive yield
strength
250 MPa
Tensile Ultimate
strength
460 MPa
III. Geometry (Build the Model): First of all I
have made a 3D model of Engine assembly on
ANSYS workbench Design modular. In building a
model we have used various modeling tools.
IV. Meshing of Model: We discritized the whole
solid model into small elements. Depending upon
the requirement of the accuracy of results the
fineness of meshing varies. More finer is the
meshing more we are closer to the actual results. as
shown in figure 4.2and 4.3 Number of nodes is
2309632
V. Boundary Conditions: Following boundary
conditions are applied on the rectangular flange
VI. Force
VII. Fixed Support
VIII. Cylindrical Support
IX. Loading:
From the dynamic analysis carried out in
Cosmos Motion & Matlab, the maximum force
induced between piston and connecting rod is
taken for static analysis in Ansys.
Maximum Force applied from the dynamic
analysis: - 21000N i.e. 21kN
Force :A force of 21KN is applied on the top
surface of piston in the downward direction as
shown in the Figure 2
Fig. 2 Force diagram
VII. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In this chapter, analysis of piston assembly,
connecting rod and crankshaft for stress and
deformation by using Ansys has been done.
i) Deformation of piston assembly:
Figure 3 Shows deformation of piston
assembly
Fig 3 deformation of piston assembly
ii) Stress of piston assembly: Figure 4
Shows Stresses On Piston Cylinder
Assembly
5. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
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Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1181 | P a g e
Fig 4 Stresees On Piston Cylinder Assembly
Table IV result of piston cylinder assembly
Results Maximum Minimum
STRESS 398.95MPa 1.26e-005 MPa
DEFORMATION 0.31932 mm 0mm
Table IV shows result of piston cylinder
assembly
These results values are within the
permissible limits for material at working
temperature. Maximum stress induced is 391.07MPa
at a location near to Stress concentration area in
connecting rod. This value of stress can be
minimized by optimizing the connecting rod
geometry.
In the rest of the assembly maximum stress
induced is 221.64MPa which is within the limit of
material.
iii) Analysis of connecting rod
Stress:
Fig 5. Stresses On Connecting Rod
The above Figure 5 shows Von Mises Stress
acting on Connecting Rod. From the above fig. the
red portion shows the maximum stress. So it is clear
that the maximum stress acting on Connecting Rod is
at the fillet section Because of Stress concentration.
Deformation
Fig. 6 Deformation Of Connecting Rod
The above fig. 6 shows deformation of the
Connecting Rod it is clear that the load imparts a
compressive stress to Connecting Rod and causes
bending. The red and yellow portion shows the max.
Deformation. Table IV shows stress and
deformation Of Connecting Rod
Table IV Results Of Connecting Rod
iv) Analysis of Crank Shaft
Stress:
Fig 7 Stresses On Crankshaft
The above Figure 7 shows Von Mises
Stress acting on Crankshaft. From the above figure
the red portion shows the maximum stress. So it is
clear that the maximum stress acting on Crankshaft
is at crank pin due to Stress concentration.
Deformation:
The following figure 8 shows deformation
of the Crankshaft. it is clear that the load imparts a
Results Maximum Minimum
STRESS 0.0057567 1.4853 e-6
DEFORMATION 1.6142E-6 0 Results Maximum Minimum
STRESS 0.57895 0.00071689
DEFORMATION 0.00016631 0
6. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1182 | P a g e
bending stress to Crankshaft. and causes torsion.
The red and yellow portion shows the max.
Deformation.
Fig 8 deformation of the Crankshaft
Table V shows maximum and minimum
value of stress and deformation of crank
shaft
Table V result of crankshaft
VIII. COMPARISON
The analysis results and analytical result
are compared here as shown in Table VI and VII
i) Comparison between Analytical Vs
Ansys stress for Connecting Rod
Table VI
Crank
angle
Ansys
stress
Analytical stress
0 -0.180 -0.174
45 1.191 1.160
90 1.75 1.67
135 1.9 1.814
180 2.24 2.178
225 2.30 2.299
270 2.792 2.760
315 6.512 6.470
360 14.12 13.926
ii) Comparison between Analytical Vs
Ansys stress for crankshaft
Table VII
From the above table VI and VII it is clear that
software results are in good correlation with the
analytical results.
IX. CONCLUSION
I. Static analysis of a connecting rod that
is typically performed can yield
unrealistic stresses, where dynamic analysis
provides more accurate results better suited
for fatigue design and optimization analysis
of this high volume production component.
II. The stresses induced in the small end of the
connecting rod are greater than the stresses
induced at the big end. Therefore, the
chances of failure of the connecting rod
may be at fillet section of both ends.
III. The bending stress produced as a result of
dynamic loading is significant and bending
stiffness in the shank should be considered
as an important design factor.
IV. Kinematic analysis of the engine has been
carried out by analytical method Using
MATLAB method as this method is more
accurate than graphical method and can
give results for all the phases of the
mechanism.
REFERENCES
[1] H. D. Desai “Computer Aided Kinematic
and Dynamic Analysis of a Horizontal
Slider Crank Mechanism Used For
Single-Cylinder Four Stroke Internal
Combustion Engine”London, U.K.
[2] Vivek. C. Pathade, BhumeshwarPatle, Ajay
N. Ingale „Stress Analysis of I.C.Engine
Connecting Rod by FEM.‟ Department of
mechanical engg, Wardha.
[3] Momin Muhammad Zia Muhammad Idris
„Crankshaft Strength Analysis UsingFinite
Element Method‟ PIIT, New Panvel, India.
[4] Anil kumar, Kamaldeep Grover Balvinder
Budania „Optimization of Connecting Rod
Parameters using CAE Tools‟ ,International
Journal of Latest Trends in Engineering and
Technology (IJLTET)
[5] Gunter Knoll .Richard Schönen. Klaus
Wilhelm, „Full dynamic analysis of
crankshaft and engine block with special
respect to elastohydrodynamic bearing
coupling‟ Germany
[6] Amit Solanki, Ketan Tamboli,
M.J.Zinjuwadia„ Crankshaft Design
andOptimization- A Review‟ National
Conference on Recent Trends in
Engineering & Technology
[7] Farzin H. Montazersadgh and Ali Fatemi
„Dynamic Load and Stress Analysis of a
Crankshaft‟ The University of Toledo SAE
International 2007-01-025
Crank
angle
Ansys
stress
Analytical stress
0 0.105 0
45 0.712 0.6829
90 1.198 1.109
135 0.685 0.678
180 0.045 0
225 0.897 0.860
270 1.916 1.833
315 3.897 3.809
360 0.021 0
7. Dr. K.H. Jatkar, Mr. Sunil S. Dhanwe / International Journal of Engineering Research and
Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 www.ijera.com
Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp.1177-1183
1183 | P a g e
[8]. Pravardhan S. Shenoy, ”Dynamic Load
Analysis and Optimization of Connecting
Rod”Department of Mechanical
Engineering, The University of Toledo. A
Thesis, May 2004
[9 ] M. F. Spotts, “Design of Machine
Elements”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd,
New delhi,
[10] Reddy J.N. .“An Introduction to Finite
Element Method”, Tata McGraw-Hill
Publication, Fifth Edition.‟
[11] V.B. Bhandari, “Design of Machine
Elements”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Co .Ltd, New Delhi, 2005.
[12] Joseph Edward Shigley, Charles R.
Mischke“Mechanical Engineering
Design”,McGraw-Hill Book Company,
New York, 2000, Sixth Edition.
[13] Ansys User Guide- 2010
AUTHOR BIOGRAPHY
Dr.K.H.Jatkar presently working as HOD in
Walchand Institute of technology, Solapur,
Mechnical Engg. Dept
Mr. Sunil Shivaji Dhanwe Pursuing M.E. (Design)II
from Walchand Institute of technology, Solapur.
Also, Working as Sr.Lecturer in Brahmdevdada
Mane polytechnic, Solapur.
Membership- I.E.I. Membership No. : -
AM0994688