The document presents a research project examining the effectiveness of postnatal exercise in alleviating after pain among postnatal mothers at a specific hospital in West Bengal. It aims to assess the pain levels before and after the exercise intervention, alongside evaluating demographic factors that may influence outcomes. The study highlights the importance of physical activity in enhancing the well-being of postnatal mothers, addressing the common issue of after pain after childbirth.

1. RESEARCH PROJECT
PRESENTATION
Presented by
GNM 3rd
Year Intern Students
Session (2020-2023)

2. Group A
“A Study to assess the effectiveness of postnatal exercise
on after pain among postnatal mothers at TGMC&H,
Tamluk, Purba Medinipur,West Bengal.”
Group B
“Assessment of knowledge regarding foot care among
diabetes mellitus patients in selected hospital at Purba
Medinipur, West Bengal.”

3. INTRODUCTION
Women experience various kind of physical discomfort after child
birth. After pain is one among them, which is an indicator of
uterine involution. It may feel like menstrual cramps or even
labour contractions. It occurs due to vigorous contractions of the
uterus so that the retained bites of placenta and membrane can be
expelled from the uterus.
Feleao. R(2003) has written an article on after pains and
various measures that are useful in reducing after pain. She suggest
that massaging the uterus, mild leg lifting exercises, lying on
abdomen with a pillow underneath help in reducing after pains.

4. NEED OF THE STUDY
The World Health Organisation assumed that by the
year of 2022, all postnatal women without
contraindication should do at least 150 minutes of
moderate intensity aerobic physical activity throughout
the week.
According to studies, postnatal mothers suffer from early
postnatal complication (backache, leg cramps, deep
venous thrombosis, pedal edema, fatigue, constipation and
stress). If women are given adequate knowledge about
postnatal exercise they can practice this exercise in
postnatal period, and reduce the complications like
urinary incontinence, low back pain, postnatal depression,
uterine prolapse and enhancing positive health and
wellbeing for mother and baby.

5. Cont…
Every year in India, 30 million of mothers give birth to
newborn. Census according to UNICEF taken in year of 2010
shows that 88% of postnatal mothers suffering with after pains.
According to WHO, 22.22 million mothers in 2008, 21.76 mothers
in 2009, 21.34 mothers in 2010,20.96 mothers in 2011 have given
birth to newborns. In that 19.4 million postnatal mothers are
affected with postpartum minor disorders. Attainment of
motherhood is considered a fulfillment in a woman’s life. The
postnatal period is viewed by the mother and family as poistive,
depending on the nurturing received during the hospital stay and
freedom from discomfort.
The investigator realised that helping the mother in
alleviating the discomfort of after pains and helping her to
overcome it will enable her to get a feeling of wellbeing .

6. PROBLEM STATEMENT
“A study to assess the effectiveness of postnatal
exercise on after pain among postnatal mothers
at TGMC&H, Tamluk, Purba Medinipur, West
Bengal.”

7. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
To assess the pre-test and post test score of after
pain among postnatal mothers in experimental
and control group.
To determine the effectiveness of postnatal
exercise on after pain among postnatal mothers
in experimental and control group.
To find an association between pre-test & post-
test level of after pain among postnatal mothers
with their selective demographic variables.

8. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION
 Effectiveness: Effectiveness refers to reducing intent results. In this study
effectiveness refers to the extent to which postnatal exercise have reduced
the after pain among postnatal mother.
 Postnatal exercise : A series of physical exercise that are performed by the
postnatal mother to bring about optimal functioning of all systems and
prevent complications.
 After pain : It is the infrequent, spasmodic pain felt in lower abdomen
after delivery for the period of 1-3 days due to contraction of uterus as it
shrinks back to its pre pregnancy size and location and also helps in
expelling the placental bits.
 Postnatal mother : In this study it refers to women who had normal
vaginal delivery within 1-4 days of their postnatal period.

9. VARIABLES
 Independent variables: Postnatal exercise
Dependent Variables : After pains.

10. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
 Conceptual frame work is a complex whole of interrelated
concepts or abstract that are assembled together in some
rational scheme by virtue of their relevance to a common
theme. A conceptual model provides for logical thinking for
systematic observation and interpretation of observed data.
 The conceptual frame work used for this study is based on
General System Approach. It was developed by Ludwig von
Bertanlanfy (1968) and modified by J.W. Kenny and is called
open system model.

11. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN
THIS RESEARCH

12. INPUT THROUGHPUT OUTPUT
Experimental
group
Control
group
Minimum
reduction of
afterpain
P
R
E
A
S
S
E
S
S
M
E
N
T
Process to
Administering
postnatal
exercise
ROUTINE
CARE
K
J
U
I
U
P
O
S
T
A
S
S
E
S
S
M
E
N
T
Experimental
group
Marked
reduction of
afterpain
Demographic Variables:
Age, educational
qualification, occupational
status, family income , type
of family.
Gynecological &
Obstetrical history of
mothers profile:
Age of menarche, duration
of menstruation, gravida,
duration of delivery,
number of living children
Control
group
Fig:1 Conceptual Framework :General
Systemic Approach

13. LITERATURE REVIEW
 Massimo F, Antonella C.(2009)
A randomized control trail was conducted to compare the affectiveness
of postnatal exercises with conventional therapy in the reduction of pain
during puerperium. The study participants were 60 women with either an
episiotomy or a perineal laceration after vaginal delivery were assigned
randomly to receive the postnatal exercises (n=30) with conventional therapy
(n=30). Women who received postnatal exercises had lower pain scores.
 Kenet N. (2007)
Conducted an experimental study to investigate the intensity of the after
pain in selected hospitals at Norwalk. A sample of 400 postnatal mothers
were selected by purposive sampling technique, among 202 mothers were
primiparous and 198 mothers were multiparous. Numerical pain intensity
scale was used to asseess the level of pain intensity. The study finding
showed that 78% primiparous and 82% of multiparous suffered with severe
pain. The study was concluded that multiparous mothers had severe level of
after pains.

14. RESEARCH APPROACH
In order to achieve the objectives of the study, an
evaluative quantitive research approach was found to
be appropriate and selected for the study.

15. RESEARCH DESIGN
Quasi experimental research design was adopted for this
study. We can experiment for this group.
 Experimental Group:Q1, X, Q2
 Control Group: Q3, Q4
 Q1: Pre assessment of pain among postnatal mothers in
experimental group.
 Q2: Post assessment of pain among postnatal mothers in
experimental group.
 X: Administration of postnatal exercise among postnatal
mothers in experimental group.
 Q3: Pre assessment of pain among postnatal mothers in control
group.
 Q4: Post assessment of pain among postnatal mothers in

16.  Setting of the study:
Setting for the present study was the postnatal ward at
Tamralipto Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Tamluk .
 Study Population:
Postnatal mothers from day one delivery admitted in the
postnatal wards at Tamralipto Govt. Medical College and
Hospital, Tamluk.

17.  Sample:
To fulfil the objective of the study, the postnatal mothers
admitting in the postnatal ward were selected.
 Sample Size:
The sample size for the study is comprised of 60 postnatal
mothers. Out of which, 30 in experimental group and 30 in
control group.
 Sampling Technique:
Non probability purposive sampling is used to select the
samples.

18. INCLUSION CRITERIA FOR SAMPLING
1. Postnatal mothers with normal vaginal delivery.
2. Postnatal mothers who are willing to participate.

19. Table1: DATA COLLECTION
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUE
SL. NO. Data collection
tools
Variables to be
measured
Technique
1. Semi structured
interview
Demographic variables Interviewing
2. Semi structured
interview
Gynecological and
obstetrical history of
mothers profile
Interviewing
3. Semi structured
interview
Assess after pain level
among postnatal
mothers
Interviewing

20. DATA ANALYSIS &
INTERPRETATION

21. ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
FINDINGS
 Section A : Description of the demographic and obstetrical
variables.
 Section B : Pre Assessment of afterpains among experimental and
control group of post natal mothers.
 Section C : Comparison of pre and post test level of afterpains
among experimental and control group of postnatal mothers.
• Section D : Effectiveness of postnatal exercise
• Section E : Association of findings with selected demographic and
obstetrical variables with after pain among postnatal mothers .

22. DEMOGRAPHIC
VARIABLE OF
POSTNATAL MOTHERS

23. AGE GROUP
≤18 years 18-24 years 25-31years ≥32years
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
1
2
20
17
8
10
1 1
Fig. 2 The bar diagram reveals the frequency & percentage
distribution of postnatal mothers according to their age
group.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)

24. RELIGION
Hindu Muslim
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
20
Fig. 3 The bar diagram reveals the frequency &
percentage of religion of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
24
6
10

25. EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION
Not literate Primary
level
Secondary
level
Higher
secondary
Graduate &
above
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
6
Fig.4 The bar diagram reveals the frequency & percentage
of educational status of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
2
11
15
12
6
5
1
2

26. OCCUPATIONAL STATUS
Home maker Business
0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
1
30
Fig.5 The bar diagram reveals the frequency & percentage
of occupation of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
29

27. FAMILY INCOME
Rs.<3000 Rs.3001-6000 Rs.6001-10000 Rs.>10000
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
3
17
Fig.6 The bar diagram shows the frequency &
percentage ofmonthly family income of the postnatal
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
1 1
13
15
10

28. TYPE OF FAMILY
Nuclear Joint
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
19
11
15
Fig.7 The bar diagram reveals frequency & percentage of
type of the family of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
15

29. OBSTETRICAL &
GYNECOLOGICAL
PROFILE OF POSTNATAL
MOTHERS

30. AGE OF MENARCHE
<12 years 12-15years >15years
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
80.00%
90.00%
23
1
Fig.8 The bar diagram reveals the frequency & percentage
of age of menarche of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
18
7
11

31. DURATION OF MENSTRUATION
≤2days 3-4days 5-6days ≥7days
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
1
14
Fig.9 The bar diagram reveals the frequency & percentage
of duration of menstruation of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
19
15
8
2
1

32. GRAVIDA
1st 2nd ≥3rd
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
15
12
6
3
Fig.10 The bar diagram reveals the frequency &
percentage 0f gravida of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
14
10

33. DURATION OF DELIVERY
<6hrs Between 6-12hrs Between 13-18hrs
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00%
70.00%
10 8
Fig.11 The bar diagram shows the frequency & percentage
of duration of delivery among postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
18
18
2
4

34. NUMBER OF LIVING CHILD
Nil 1 2
0.00%
10.00%
20.00%
30.00%
40.00%
50.00%
60.00% 16
10
4
2
Fig.12 The bar diagram reveals the frequency & percentage
number of living child of the postnatal mothers.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)
14 14

35. Section A: Description of the demographic and obstetrical variables.
Table 2: Association between level of pain reduction score &
mothers’ demographic variables &obstetrical variables of
Control Group (Pre –Test)
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total
Chi-
Square
Below average(7) Above average(7)
n % n %
Age
<18 years 1 50% 1 50% 2
Χ2
=1.434
df= 3
18-24
years
7 41.18% 10 58.82% 17
25-31
years
4 40% 6 60% 10
1 100% 0 0% 1
n=30

36. Table3:
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score Total Chi
Square
Below
average(7)
Above
average(7)
n % n %
Religion Hindu 9 47.37% 11 52.63% 20 χ2
= 0.06
df=1
Muslim 4 36.36% 6 63.64% 10
Education Primary 4 36.36% 7 63.64% 11 χ2
=0.56
df=3
Secondary 6 50% 6 50% 12
Higher 2 40% 3 60% 5

37. Table4:
Demographic
variables
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total
Chi
Square
Below
average(7)
Above
average(7)
n % n %
Occupation Home-maker 13 43.33% 17 56.67% 30 χ2
= 0
df=1
Family income Rs.3001-
6000
1 39.33% 2 66.67% 3 χ2
=3.11
df=2
Rs.6001-
10000
10 58.82% 7 41.17% 17
Rs.>10000
2 20% 8 80% 10

38. Table5:
Demographic
variable
Categorie
s
Level of pain reduction score Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Type of family Nuclear 3 20% 12 80% 15 χ2
=6.64*
df=1
*P=0.01
Joint 10 66.67% 5 33.33% 15

39. Table6:
Obstetrical
&
gynecological
profile
Categorie
s
Level of pain reduction score Total Chi
Square
Below
average(7)
Above
average(7)
n % n %
Age of
menarche
<12 years 11 5.55% 7 94.44% 18 χ2
=8.883
df=2
12-15 years 1 9.09% 10 90.09% 11
>15 years 1 100% 0 0% 1
Duration of
menstruation
3-4 days 5 33.33% 10 66.67% 15 χ2
=2.19
df=2
5-6 days 7 50% 7 50% 14
denotes Significance

40. Table7:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi Square
Below
average(7)
Above
average(7)
n % n %
Gravida
1st
6 40% 9 60% 15 χ2
=0.828
df=2
2nd
5 41.67% 7 58.33% 12
≥ 3 2 66.67% 1 33.33% 3
Duration of
delivery in
<6 hours 4 50% 4 50% 8 χ2
=3.51
df= 2
Between 6- 9 50% 9 50% 18

41. Table8:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile Categories
Level of pain reduction score Total Chi Square
Below
average(7)
Above
average(7)
n % n %
Number of
living child
Nil 6 42.85% 8 57.14% 14 X2
=1.79*
df=2
*P>0.50
1 7 50% 7 50% 14
2 0 0% 2 100% 2
* denotes Significance

42. Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total
Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Age
<18 years 1 50% 1 50% 2
χ2
=3.09
df= 3
18-24 years 11 64.70
%
6 35.30% 17
25-31 years 8 80% 2 20% 10
Section B : Pre Assessment of afterpains among experimental
and control group of post natal mothers.
Table9: Association between level of pain reduction score &
mothers’ demographic variables&gynecological profile of
Control Group (Post –Test)
n=30

43. Table10:
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Religion Hindu 15 75% 5 25% 20 X2
=1.89
df=1
Muslim 5 50% 5 50% 10
Education Primary 8 72.73% 3 27.27% 11 X2
=4.55
df=3
Secondary 8 66.67% 4 33.33% 12
Higher 4 80% 1 20% 5

44. Table11:
Demographic
variables
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Occupation Home maker 20 66.67% 10 33.33% 30 χ2
=0
Family income Rs.3001-
6000
2 66.67% 1 33.33% 3 χ2
=1.27
df=2
Rs.6001-
10000
10 58.82% 7 41.18% 17
Rs.>10000
8 80% 2 20% 10

45. Table12:
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Type of family Nuclear 9 60% 6 40% 15 χ2
=0.6*
df=1
P>0.05
joint 11 73.33% 4 26.67% 15

46. Table13:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Age of
menarche
<12 years 17 94.44% 1 5.56% 18 χ2
=18.36
df=2
12-15 years 2 18.19% 9 81.81% 11
>15 years 1 100% 0 0% 1
Duration of
menstruation
3-4 days 10 66.67% 5 33.33% 15 χ2
=0.52
df=2

47. Table14:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Gravida
1st
10 66.67% 5 33.33% 15 χ2
=1.87
df=2
*P>0.50
2nd
9 75% 3 25% 12
≥ 3 1 33.33% 2 66.67% 3
Duration of
delivery in
hours
<6 hours 5 62.5% 3 37.5% 8 χ2
=2.29
df=2
Between 6-
12 hours
11 61.11% 7 38.89% 18

48. Table15:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Number of
living child
Nil 7 50% 7 50% 14 χ2
=2.88
df=2
1 11 78.57% 3 21.43% 14
2 1 50% 1 50% 2
* denotes Significance

49. Table16: Association between level of pain reduction score &
mothers’ demographic variables & obstetrical-gynecological
profile of Experimental Group (Pre –Test)
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total
Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Age
<18 years 0 0% 1 100% 1
χ2
1.315
df= 3
18-24 years 7 35% 13 65% 20
25-31 years 2 25% 6 75% 8
n=30

50. Table17:
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Religion Hindu 7 29.166% 17 70.83% 24
χ
2
= 0.038
df=1
Muslim 2 33.333% 4 66.66% 6
Education Not literate 0 0% 2 100% 2 χ2
= 3.759
df=4
*P>0.50
Primary 2 33.33% 4 66.66% 6
Secondary 4 26.66% 11 73.33% 15

51. Table18:
Demographic
variables
Categor
ies
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Occupation
Home
maker
9 31.034
%
20 68.965% 29 χ2
=
4.432
df=1
business 0 0% 1 100% 1
Family income
₨<3000 0 0% 1 100% 1 χ2
=3.917
df=3
Rs.3001-
6000
1 100% 0 0% 1
Rs.6001-
10000
5 38.46% 8 61.53% 13
Rs.>10000
3 20% 12 80% 15

52. Table19:
Demographic
variable
Categorie
s
Level of pain reduction score Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Type of family Nuclear 8 42.10% 11 57.89 19 χ2
=3.59
df=1
Joint 1 9.09% 10 90.90% 11

53. Table20:
Obstetrical
&
gynecologica
l profile
Categorie
s
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Age of
menarche
<12 years 2 30.43% 5 71.52% 7 χ2
=0.013
12-15 years 7 28.57% 16 69.56% 23
Duration of
menstruation
≥ 2 days 1 100% 0 0% 1 χ2
=4.779
df=3
3-4 days 7 36.842% 12 63.157% 19

54. Table21:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Gravida 1st
4 28.571% 10 71.423% 14 χ2
=0.203
df= 2
2nd
3 30% 7 70% 10
≥3rd 2 33.33% 4 66.66% 6
* denotes Significance

55. Table22:
Obstetrical
&
gynecological
profile
Categorie
s
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(6)
Above
average(6)
n % n %
Duration of
delivery
<6 hours 3 30% 7 70% 10 χ2
=0.951
df = 2
6-12 hours 6 33.33% 12 66.66% 18
>12 hours 0 0% 2 100% 2
No. of living
child
Nil 2 12.5% 14 87.5% 16 χ2
=6.665
df =2
1 6 60% 4 401% 10

56. Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction
score
Total
Chi
Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Age
<18 years 0 0% 1 100% 1
χ2
=2.86*
df= 3
P > 0.50
18-24 years 12 60% 8 40% 20
25-31 years 5 62.5
%
3 37.5% 8
Table 23: Association between level of pain reduction score &
mothers’ demographic variables & obstetrical-gynecological
profile of Experimental Group (Post –Test)
n=30

57. Table24:
Demographi
c variable
Categorie
s
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Religion Hindu 13 54.17
%
11 45.83% 24 χ2
=0.31
df=1
Muslim 4 66.67
%
2 33.33% 6
Education Not literate 1 50% 1 50% 2
χ2
=1.074
df=4
Primary 3 50% 3 50% 6
Secondary 9 60% 6 40% 15
Higher
secondary
3 50% 3 50% 6

58. Table25:
Demographic
variables
Categor
ies
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Occupation Home
maker
17 58.62% 12 41.38% 29 χ2
= 1.38
df=1
business 0 0% 1 100% 1
Family income ₨<3000 0 0% 1 100% 1 χ2
=2.39*
df=3
*P>0.50
Rs.3001-
6000
1 100% 0 0% 1
Rs.6001-
10000
8 61.38% 5 38.47% 13
Rs.>1000
8 58.33% 7 46.67% 15

59. Table26:
Demographic
variable
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Type of family Nuclear 12 63.16% 7 36.84% 19 χ2
=0.88
df=1
Joint 5 45.45% 6 54.55% 11

60. Table27:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Catego
ries
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi
Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Age of menarche <12
years
2 28.57% 5 71.43% 7 χ2
=2.94*
df=1
*P>0.10
12-15
years
15 65.21% 8 34.79% 23
Duration of
menstruation
≥ 2 days 0 0% 1 100% 1 χ2
=5.041
df=3
3-4 days 11 57.89% 8 42.11% 19

61. Table28:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Gravida
1st
9 64.23% 5 35.72% 14 χ2
=1.7
df=2
2nd
6 60% 4 40% 10
≥ 3 2 33.33% 4 66.67% 6
Duration of
delivery in
hours
<6 hours 6 60% 4 40% 10 χ2
=0.9
df=2
Between 6-
12 hours
10 55.55% 8 44.45% 18

62. Table29:
Obstetrical &
gynecological
profile
Categories
Level of pain reduction score
Total Chi Square
Below
average(3)
Above
average(3)
n % n %
Number of
living child
Nil 10 62.5% 6 37.5% 16 χ2
=0.46
df=2
1 5 50% 5 50% 10
2 2 50% 2 50% 4
* denotes Significance

63. CONTROL GROUP
0-No pain 1-3 Mild pain 4-6 Moderate
pain
7-9 Severe
pain
10- Worst
pain
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Fig.13 This bar diagram reveals the pre-test &
post-test pain score in control group.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)

64. EXPERIMENTAL GROUP
0-No pain 1-3 Mild pain 4-6 Moderate pain 7-9 Severe pain 10-Worst pain
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Fig.14 This bar diagram reveals the pre-test &
post-test pain score in experimental group.
n =60
(Experimental group=30, Control group=30)

65. DISCUSSION WITH OTHER STUDY
In this study
The demographical variable of the
mothers shows that the most
mothers belong to age group of 18-
24 years and primi gravida.
Postnatal mothers in experimental
group showed a significant decrease
in level of after pain following
nursing interventions (P<0.05) in
comparison of the pre assessment
level of afterpain
Other study
Dash M stated in the study of
“Effectiveness of selected nursing
interventions on afterpain among the
postnatal mother in the selected
hospital.The demography variable of
the mother shows that the most of
the mothers 21(42%)were in the age
group of 21-25years, 30(60%)
belongs to lower class, 25(50%)
were primi mothers the pain of the
postnatal mothers exhibits that
during the pre-test 4(8%) , 46(92%)
mothers had intermediate,
continuous type of pain none of them
(0%) had brief pain whereas in post-
test 7(14%), 30(60%),13(26%)
mothers had brief, intermediate,
continuous type of pain.

66. IMPLICATION
The present study emphasized the selected nursing
interventions such as postnatal exercises on reduction of after
pains among postanatal mothers.
• Nursing practice: The nurses could have a vital role in
enabling safe and effective measures on reduction of after
pains intensity through the use of nursing interventions, learn
about accurate assessment of after pains with the use of
appropriate pain scales. The nurse should understand the
importance of nursing interventions and should know it as a
non pharmacological therapy in the field of obstetrics. Nurses
should teach the postnatal mothers about the benefits of
nursing interventions on reduction of after pains intensity .
• Nursing education: The nurse educator should provide
adequate clinical experience to the students, where nursing
interventions can be effectively used as a midwifery approach
on reduction of after pains .

67. CONT…
• Nursing administration: The nurse administrator should
arrange for a nurses awareness programs regarding the
effectiveness of nursing interventions on reduction of after
pains.
• Nursing research: Nursing researches can promote more
research in after pains. As evident
from the review of literature, more research needs to be
warranted on this discipline.

68. LIMITATION
• The Investigator found difficulties in
administering nursing interventions due to
visitors involvement with postnatal mothers in
the evening.
• Few mothers were finding difficulty in
performing alternative leg lifting exercises and
other postnatal exercises.

69. RECOMMENDATION
• A similar study can be conducted by increasing
the sample size.
• A comparative study between primi para and multi
para mothers can be done .
• A correlation study between breast feeding and level
of after pains among postnatal mother can be done.
• A study can be done by providing back massage
instead of fundal massage to reduce after pains.

70. CONCLUSION
From the result of the study, it was concluded
that rendering nursing interventions such as
exercises to the postnatal mothers were effective in
reducing the level of after pains. Therefore, the
investigator felt that, more importance should be
given be assess the postpartum after pains and
discomfort experienced by the mother and measures
should be taken seriously in order to reduce the after
pains.

71. THANK YOU