1. The document provides information on exercise prescription in the post-natal period, including detailing the post-partum phases, common musculoskeletal and neurological impairments, and appropriate physical therapy interventions.
2. Recommendations include encouraging early mobility to reduce risks, pelvic floor muscle exercises for pain relief and strengthening, and stabilization exercises progressed cautiously based on impairments. Modalities like ice, ultrasound, and electrical stimulation may assist with pain and dysfunction.
3. Physical therapy can effectively treat common post-natal issues like low back pain, pelvic girdle pain, and urinary incontinence when appropriate exercises and modalities are implemented safely based on each woman's individual presentation.
This document discusses the musculoskeletal changes that occur during pregnancy and the perinatal period. It notes that pregnancy results in weight gain, a shifting center of gravity, and ligamentous laxity that impacts posture. Hormonal changes like increased relaxin soften connective tissues. This leads to joint hypermobility and decreased proprioception. Back pain can result from these changes, weight gain, and repetitive motions. The document also examines muscle, ligament, spinal and uterine changes that impact biomechanics during pregnancy.
Physiotherapy in antenatal & post natal careVenus Pagare
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a baby.
This document discusses diastasis recti, which is a separation of the rectus abdominis muscles along the midline. Diastasis recti commonly occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal and biomechanical factors and can lead to back pain and hernias. Examination involves checking for a separation greater than 2 cm between the muscles. Treatment consists of exercises to gently bring the muscles back together, like pelvic tilts and modified crunches while avoiding twisting motions or heavy lifting that could worsen the separation. Proper form and gradual progression are important to rehabilitate the abdominal muscles.
This document provides information about antenatal physiotherapy including its aims, guidelines, exercises and common discomforts during pregnancy. The aims are to improve mother and baby's health and ensure they are prepared for labor, lactation and infant care. Guidelines include warming up, avoiding jerky movements, and stopping exercises if pain occurs. The exercise plan progresses from warm up to aerobic to strengthening and relaxation. Common discomforts like nausea, heartburn and backache are discussed with tips for management.
This document discusses several potential complications of labor and delivery, including:
1) Preterm labor or premature labor, which occurs more than three weeks before the due date, and can result in premature birth.
2) Long or prolonged labor, which is determined by labor stage and cervical changes, and may occur after 20 hours of regular contractions. Causes include a large baby, abnormal baby position, or a small birth canal.
3) Obstetric trauma during vaginal delivery without instruments, which includes 4th degree perineal lacerations and injuries to the cervix, vagina, bladder or urethra.
Pelvic Girdle Pain and Low Back Pain in PregnancyAde Wijaya
Pelvic girdle pain and low back pain are very common during pregnancy, affecting 45% of pregnant women. The document outlines risk factors like prior back pain, pathophysiology including mechanical and hormonal factors, and diagnosis through clinical exams and imaging if abnormalities are suspected. Treatment involves patient education, physical therapy, exercises, and other conservative measures. Prognosis is usually good, with pain resolving after delivery, though some women may experience long-term pain, especially those with complete pelvic girdle pain involving both sacroiliac joints.
Pelvic Floor Anatomy and Physiotherapy management Fabiha Fatima
Pelvic floor Rehab is one of the most trending fields of Physiotherapy. For a Physical Therapist, knowledge of the Anatomy and function of the Pelvic floor muscles is utmost important. Here this is explained in brief.
Furthermore, the signs and symptoms of conditions that require physiotherapy are explained briefly, along with Physiotherapuetic Assessment, Goals, Kegle Exercises are explained.
I hope this helps :)
I have taken the pictures from Google Images, and information from Google and various other websites, compiled them for the purpose of class presentation. i do not own any content.
This document discusses the musculoskeletal changes that occur during pregnancy and the perinatal period. It notes that pregnancy results in weight gain, a shifting center of gravity, and ligamentous laxity that impacts posture. Hormonal changes like increased relaxin soften connective tissues. This leads to joint hypermobility and decreased proprioception. Back pain can result from these changes, weight gain, and repetitive motions. The document also examines muscle, ligament, spinal and uterine changes that impact biomechanics during pregnancy.
Physiotherapy in antenatal & post natal careVenus Pagare
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a baby.
This document discusses diastasis recti, which is a separation of the rectus abdominis muscles along the midline. Diastasis recti commonly occurs during pregnancy due to hormonal and biomechanical factors and can lead to back pain and hernias. Examination involves checking for a separation greater than 2 cm between the muscles. Treatment consists of exercises to gently bring the muscles back together, like pelvic tilts and modified crunches while avoiding twisting motions or heavy lifting that could worsen the separation. Proper form and gradual progression are important to rehabilitate the abdominal muscles.
This document provides information about antenatal physiotherapy including its aims, guidelines, exercises and common discomforts during pregnancy. The aims are to improve mother and baby's health and ensure they are prepared for labor, lactation and infant care. Guidelines include warming up, avoiding jerky movements, and stopping exercises if pain occurs. The exercise plan progresses from warm up to aerobic to strengthening and relaxation. Common discomforts like nausea, heartburn and backache are discussed with tips for management.
This document discusses several potential complications of labor and delivery, including:
1) Preterm labor or premature labor, which occurs more than three weeks before the due date, and can result in premature birth.
2) Long or prolonged labor, which is determined by labor stage and cervical changes, and may occur after 20 hours of regular contractions. Causes include a large baby, abnormal baby position, or a small birth canal.
3) Obstetric trauma during vaginal delivery without instruments, which includes 4th degree perineal lacerations and injuries to the cervix, vagina, bladder or urethra.
Pelvic Girdle Pain and Low Back Pain in PregnancyAde Wijaya
Pelvic girdle pain and low back pain are very common during pregnancy, affecting 45% of pregnant women. The document outlines risk factors like prior back pain, pathophysiology including mechanical and hormonal factors, and diagnosis through clinical exams and imaging if abnormalities are suspected. Treatment involves patient education, physical therapy, exercises, and other conservative measures. Prognosis is usually good, with pain resolving after delivery, though some women may experience long-term pain, especially those with complete pelvic girdle pain involving both sacroiliac joints.
Pelvic Floor Anatomy and Physiotherapy management Fabiha Fatima
Pelvic floor Rehab is one of the most trending fields of Physiotherapy. For a Physical Therapist, knowledge of the Anatomy and function of the Pelvic floor muscles is utmost important. Here this is explained in brief.
Furthermore, the signs and symptoms of conditions that require physiotherapy are explained briefly, along with Physiotherapuetic Assessment, Goals, Kegle Exercises are explained.
I hope this helps :)
I have taken the pictures from Google Images, and information from Google and various other websites, compiled them for the purpose of class presentation. i do not own any content.
The document summarizes pelvic floor anatomy and functions. It describes the levator ani muscles as the most important muscles that support pelvic organs. It outlines the boundaries and contents of the pelvis, perineum, and anterior and posterior triangles. Key structures like the anal sphincter complex, perineal body, and pelvic floor innervation are defined. The document also discusses pelvic floor dysfunction, classifications of perineal tears, and exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
To strengthen your pelvic floor muscles, sit comfortably and squeeze the muscles 10-15 times in a row. Don't hold your breath or tighten your stomach, buttock or thigh muscles at the same time. When you get used to doing pelvic floor exercises, you can try holding each squeeze for a few seconds.
Diastasis Recti - How to Overcome the After-Baby Body at Any Age
What is a Diastasis and how do you fix/prevent it? What do you do if you have a diastasis?
A person may be referred to pelvic floor physical therapy to treat incontinence, difficulty with urination or bowel movements, constipation, chronic pelvic pain, and painful intercourse. Women may see a pelvic floor physical therapist for treatment of vaginismus or endometriosis.
This document discusses various complications that can occur during labor and delivery. It covers topics like preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, obstructed labor, shoulder dystocia, hydrocephalus, precipitate labor, and rupture of the uterus. For each complication, it describes the causes, risk factors, clinical features, management, and potential maternal and fetal outcomes. The goal of management is outlined as arresting or preventing further progression of labor to improve outcomes for both the mother and baby.
Diastasis recti, or diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA), is a condition where the right and left halves of the rectus abdominis muscle, which meet at the midline of the abdomen, separate. This separation occurs when the connective tissue between the abdominal muscles (linea alba) stretches and weakens, allowing the abdominal muscles to separate.
Diastasis recti is most commonly seen in pregnant women, particularly during and after pregnancy. However, it can also occur in men, women who have never been pregnant, and in infants.
This document discusses the prevention and management of uterine prolapse. Key points include:
1. Prevention focuses on limiting pelvic floor injury during childbirth through measures like avoiding prolonged labor and encouraging postnatal exercises.
2. Treatment is usually only when prolapse causes symptoms that interfere with daily activity.
3. Management options include conservative measures like pelvic floor exercises and pessaries, as well as surgical procedures like vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair to correct defects.
4. Surgical repair aims to tighten the anterior, middle/apical, and posterior compartments using techniques such as anterior and posterior colporrhaphy.
PHYSIOTHERAPY IN LACTATION & BREASTFEEDING.pptxRizwana303458
1. Breastfeeding is important for both baby and mother's health, but global rates remain low due to various barriers. Physiotherapists can help by ensuring proper positioning and latch during feeding.
2. Assessing the latch, infant oral structures, and correcting improper posture are important to prevent problems and maintain comfort. Oromotor stimulation also aids preterm infants' feeding skills.
3. Clogged ducts and mastitis can result from issues like poor latch, but physiotherapists treat them through techniques like massage, ultrasound, and k-taping to relieve pain and encourage milk flow.
This document provides information on Cesarean section techniques and considerations. It defines Cesarean section and discusses common causes. It also addresses reducing operating time and costs through simplified techniques. Regional anesthesia is generally preferred over general anesthesia due to safety advantages. Proper patient positioning, catheterization, preoxygenation, consent and timing of the procedure are discussed. Local anesthesia is an option only in limited circumstances.
Labor is defined as the process of expelling the fetus from the uterus through contractions of the uterus and cervix. It has four stages: 1) cervical dilation and effacement, 2) delivery of the fetus, 3) delivery of the placenta, 4) observation of the mother and baby. The first stage involves regular contractions that thin and open the cervix. The second stage involves pushing the baby through the birth canal in two phases. The third stage involves delivering the placenta, and the fourth involves post-delivery monitoring.
Postnatal exercise should begin 7-8 weeks after a normal delivery or 1 week after a c-section with doctor approval. Diastasis recti, a widening of the abdominal muscles, is common during pregnancy and can cause back pain. Exercises and abdominal belts can help support the abdomen and align muscles as they return to normal. Postpartum depression affects some women within 4-6 weeks of birth, causing sleep issues, decision problems, and low self-confidence. Treatment includes seeing a doctor, eating well, sleeping, reducing stress, and talking to loved ones.
Pelvic floor disorders include a wide-ranging group of potentially
disabling, embarrassing, and often painful conditions that can
greatly affect a person’s quality of life. The pelvic floor consists of
muscles, fascia, and ligaments that support the pelvic organs and
help to provide control for bodily functions. Pathology within the
musculoskeletal and neurologic structures of the deep pelvis can
lead to the development of pelvic pain, dyspareunia, voiding dysfunction
including urinary incontinence or urinary urgency, fecal
incontinence (FI), constipation, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP)
.
Both women and men can develop pelvic floor disorders,
although women are at increased risk compared with men because
of their unique anatomy and biomechanics. The female pelvis is
broader and shallower, requiring greater muscular and ligamentous
stiffness to provide support and stability. Women are also
more likely to incur injury to the pelvic floor as a result of pregnancy
and childbirth. As a result, abnormal biomechanics of the
pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) may lead to changes in contraction,
relaxation, muscle strength, and myofascial pain. In a 2014 study,
the prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in the United
States was estimated to be approximately 25%. It is important
to note that this percentage does not consider women with pelvic
pain due to high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction.
People with pelvic floor disorders benefit from an interdisciplinary
rehabilitation approach to improve function and reduce pain.
Physiatrists with experience in acute and chronic pain, neurologic
and musculoskeletal conditions, and neurogenic bowel/bladder
management are well suited to direct such a patient’s care.In
addition to diagnosing and managing the patient’s pelvic floor
disorder medically, the physiatrist plays a key role in providing
a detailed prescription for physical therapy.
This document provides an overview of menopause including definitions, phases, physiological and psychological changes, treatments, and counseling considerations. It defines menopause as the permanent cessation of menstruation due to loss of ovarian activity, usually occurring between ages 45-55. The phases include pre-menopause, peri-menopause, menopausal, and post-menopausal. Physiological changes discussed include increased risk of heart disease, osteoporosis, urinary issues, and genital changes. Treatments covered are non-hormonal options as well as hormone replacement therapy. Counseling aims to understand individual needs and priorities in decision making.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) with role of physical therapy.Ahmed Hammad
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age that is caused by hormonal imbalances. Women with PCOS often experience irregular periods, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries. Exercise and lifestyle changes are effective management strategies for PCOS as they can help reduce insulin resistance, lose weight, and improve fertility outcomes and overall health. High intensity interval training and resistance training in particular have been shown to improve PCOS symptoms and reduce health risks.
THE URINARY INCONTINENCE AND IT'S MANAGEMENT DETAILS WITH APPROPRIATE EXPLANATION
Introduction of urinary incontinence,
Etiology of urinary incontinence,
Risk factors associated with urinary incontinence,
Types of urinary incontinence,
Pathophysiology of Urinary incontinence,
Clinical manifestations of urinary incontinence,
Diagnostic evaluations of urinary incontinence,
Management of urinary incontinence- Behavioural techniques, Drug therapy, surgical management, medical devices and Physiotherapy assessment and management in details with appropriate explanation with the help of the SlideShare .
Telegram channel - https://t.me/bhuneshwarmishra08/4?single
Facebook page - https://m.facebook.com/Bhuneshwarmishra08/
Instagram page - https://www.instagram.com/the_perfect_physio_tutorial/?r=nametag
YouTube channel - https://youtube.com/channel/UCCIEa_xDe3B-6BLfQaJb8PQ
Contrary to popular belief, exercising helps you to build and strengthen muscles and prepares a pregnant woman for childbirth. Exercise caution while working out as overexerting oneself while pregnant can be harmful for the baby.
Pregnancy can cause many physical discomforts as the body changes. Common issues include symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD) which affects the pelvis, coccydynia or tailbone pain, thoracic spine pain from breast and rib changes, and postural backache from weight gain and posture shifts. Physiotherapy can help with techniques like massage, taping, exercises and supports to relieve symptoms and maintain mobility.
Gynecological surgery refers to surgery on the female reproductive system. Gynecological surgery is usually performed by gynecologists. It includes procedures for benign conditions, cancer, infertility, and incontinence. Gynecological surgery may occasionally be performed for elective or cosmetic purposes.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a baby.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a newborn.
The document summarizes pelvic floor anatomy and functions. It describes the levator ani muscles as the most important muscles that support pelvic organs. It outlines the boundaries and contents of the pelvis, perineum, and anterior and posterior triangles. Key structures like the anal sphincter complex, perineal body, and pelvic floor innervation are defined. The document also discusses pelvic floor dysfunction, classifications of perineal tears, and exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles.
To strengthen your pelvic floor muscles, sit comfortably and squeeze the muscles 10-15 times in a row. Don't hold your breath or tighten your stomach, buttock or thigh muscles at the same time. When you get used to doing pelvic floor exercises, you can try holding each squeeze for a few seconds.
Diastasis Recti - How to Overcome the After-Baby Body at Any Age
What is a Diastasis and how do you fix/prevent it? What do you do if you have a diastasis?
A person may be referred to pelvic floor physical therapy to treat incontinence, difficulty with urination or bowel movements, constipation, chronic pelvic pain, and painful intercourse. Women may see a pelvic floor physical therapist for treatment of vaginismus or endometriosis.
This document discusses various complications that can occur during labor and delivery. It covers topics like preterm labor, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, prolonged labor, obstructed labor, shoulder dystocia, hydrocephalus, precipitate labor, and rupture of the uterus. For each complication, it describes the causes, risk factors, clinical features, management, and potential maternal and fetal outcomes. The goal of management is outlined as arresting or preventing further progression of labor to improve outcomes for both the mother and baby.
Diastasis recti, or diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA), is a condition where the right and left halves of the rectus abdominis muscle, which meet at the midline of the abdomen, separate. This separation occurs when the connective tissue between the abdominal muscles (linea alba) stretches and weakens, allowing the abdominal muscles to separate.
Diastasis recti is most commonly seen in pregnant women, particularly during and after pregnancy. However, it can also occur in men, women who have never been pregnant, and in infants.
This document discusses the prevention and management of uterine prolapse. Key points include:
1. Prevention focuses on limiting pelvic floor injury during childbirth through measures like avoiding prolonged labor and encouraging postnatal exercises.
2. Treatment is usually only when prolapse causes symptoms that interfere with daily activity.
3. Management options include conservative measures like pelvic floor exercises and pessaries, as well as surgical procedures like vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair to correct defects.
4. Surgical repair aims to tighten the anterior, middle/apical, and posterior compartments using techniques such as anterior and posterior colporrhaphy.
PHYSIOTHERAPY IN LACTATION & BREASTFEEDING.pptxRizwana303458
1. Breastfeeding is important for both baby and mother's health, but global rates remain low due to various barriers. Physiotherapists can help by ensuring proper positioning and latch during feeding.
2. Assessing the latch, infant oral structures, and correcting improper posture are important to prevent problems and maintain comfort. Oromotor stimulation also aids preterm infants' feeding skills.
3. Clogged ducts and mastitis can result from issues like poor latch, but physiotherapists treat them through techniques like massage, ultrasound, and k-taping to relieve pain and encourage milk flow.
This document provides information on Cesarean section techniques and considerations. It defines Cesarean section and discusses common causes. It also addresses reducing operating time and costs through simplified techniques. Regional anesthesia is generally preferred over general anesthesia due to safety advantages. Proper patient positioning, catheterization, preoxygenation, consent and timing of the procedure are discussed. Local anesthesia is an option only in limited circumstances.
Labor is defined as the process of expelling the fetus from the uterus through contractions of the uterus and cervix. It has four stages: 1) cervical dilation and effacement, 2) delivery of the fetus, 3) delivery of the placenta, 4) observation of the mother and baby. The first stage involves regular contractions that thin and open the cervix. The second stage involves pushing the baby through the birth canal in two phases. The third stage involves delivering the placenta, and the fourth involves post-delivery monitoring.
Postnatal exercise should begin 7-8 weeks after a normal delivery or 1 week after a c-section with doctor approval. Diastasis recti, a widening of the abdominal muscles, is common during pregnancy and can cause back pain. Exercises and abdominal belts can help support the abdomen and align muscles as they return to normal. Postpartum depression affects some women within 4-6 weeks of birth, causing sleep issues, decision problems, and low self-confidence. Treatment includes seeing a doctor, eating well, sleeping, reducing stress, and talking to loved ones.
Pelvic floor disorders include a wide-ranging group of potentially
disabling, embarrassing, and often painful conditions that can
greatly affect a person’s quality of life. The pelvic floor consists of
muscles, fascia, and ligaments that support the pelvic organs and
help to provide control for bodily functions. Pathology within the
musculoskeletal and neurologic structures of the deep pelvis can
lead to the development of pelvic pain, dyspareunia, voiding dysfunction
including urinary incontinence or urinary urgency, fecal
incontinence (FI), constipation, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP)
.
Both women and men can develop pelvic floor disorders,
although women are at increased risk compared with men because
of their unique anatomy and biomechanics. The female pelvis is
broader and shallower, requiring greater muscular and ligamentous
stiffness to provide support and stability. Women are also
more likely to incur injury to the pelvic floor as a result of pregnancy
and childbirth. As a result, abnormal biomechanics of the
pelvic floor muscles (PFMs) may lead to changes in contraction,
relaxation, muscle strength, and myofascial pain. In a 2014 study,
the prevalence of symptomatic pelvic floor disorders in the United
States was estimated to be approximately 25%. It is important
to note that this percentage does not consider women with pelvic
pain due to high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction.
People with pelvic floor disorders benefit from an interdisciplinary
rehabilitation approach to improve function and reduce pain.
Physiatrists with experience in acute and chronic pain, neurologic
and musculoskeletal conditions, and neurogenic bowel/bladder
management are well suited to direct such a patient’s care.In
addition to diagnosing and managing the patient’s pelvic floor
disorder medically, the physiatrist plays a key role in providing
a detailed prescription for physical therapy.
This document provides an overview of menopause including definitions, phases, physiological and psychological changes, treatments, and counseling considerations. It defines menopause as the permanent cessation of menstruation due to loss of ovarian activity, usually occurring between ages 45-55. The phases include pre-menopause, peri-menopause, menopausal, and post-menopausal. Physiological changes discussed include increased risk of heart disease, osteoporosis, urinary issues, and genital changes. Treatments covered are non-hormonal options as well as hormone replacement therapy. Counseling aims to understand individual needs and priorities in decision making.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) with role of physical therapy.Ahmed Hammad
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age that is caused by hormonal imbalances. Women with PCOS often experience irregular periods, excess androgen levels, and polycystic ovaries. Exercise and lifestyle changes are effective management strategies for PCOS as they can help reduce insulin resistance, lose weight, and improve fertility outcomes and overall health. High intensity interval training and resistance training in particular have been shown to improve PCOS symptoms and reduce health risks.
THE URINARY INCONTINENCE AND IT'S MANAGEMENT DETAILS WITH APPROPRIATE EXPLANATION
Introduction of urinary incontinence,
Etiology of urinary incontinence,
Risk factors associated with urinary incontinence,
Types of urinary incontinence,
Pathophysiology of Urinary incontinence,
Clinical manifestations of urinary incontinence,
Diagnostic evaluations of urinary incontinence,
Management of urinary incontinence- Behavioural techniques, Drug therapy, surgical management, medical devices and Physiotherapy assessment and management in details with appropriate explanation with the help of the SlideShare .
Telegram channel - https://t.me/bhuneshwarmishra08/4?single
Facebook page - https://m.facebook.com/Bhuneshwarmishra08/
Instagram page - https://www.instagram.com/the_perfect_physio_tutorial/?r=nametag
YouTube channel - https://youtube.com/channel/UCCIEa_xDe3B-6BLfQaJb8PQ
Contrary to popular belief, exercising helps you to build and strengthen muscles and prepares a pregnant woman for childbirth. Exercise caution while working out as overexerting oneself while pregnant can be harmful for the baby.
Pregnancy can cause many physical discomforts as the body changes. Common issues include symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD) which affects the pelvis, coccydynia or tailbone pain, thoracic spine pain from breast and rib changes, and postural backache from weight gain and posture shifts. Physiotherapy can help with techniques like massage, taping, exercises and supports to relieve symptoms and maintain mobility.
Gynecological surgery refers to surgery on the female reproductive system. Gynecological surgery is usually performed by gynecologists. It includes procedures for benign conditions, cancer, infertility, and incontinence. Gynecological surgery may occasionally be performed for elective or cosmetic purposes.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a baby.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a newborn.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a newborn.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During antenatal care, physiotherapists provide exercises to prevent or treat musculoskeletal issues, educate on proper posture and lifestyle, and prepare women for labor through relaxation techniques. Postnatally, physiotherapists focus on restoring muscle strength through an exercise program, treating issues like perineal pain, and educating on proper posture while caring for a baby.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care by addressing musculoskeletal issues, promoting healthy lifestyles, providing postural and ergonomic advice, preparing women for labor, and teaching relaxation techniques. During antenatal care, physiotherapists help prevent and treat issues like back/pelvic pain, nerve compressions, pelvic floor dysfunction, and more. They provide advice on exercise, nutrition, posture, and birth options. Postnatal care involves addressing common issues like diastasis recti and pelvic floor dysfunction. Overall, physiotherapy aims to help women have a healthy pregnancy and recovery.
1. Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care by addressing musculoskeletal issues, promoting healthy lifestyles, providing education on posture, exercise and preparing for labor.
2. During antenatal care, physiotherapists help prevent and treat back pain and pelvic girdle pain, teach exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor, and provide relaxation techniques and advice for maintaining mobility.
3. Postnatal physiotherapy can help with common issues like pelvic floor dysfunction and back pain, as well as educate new mothers on recovering from birth.
1. Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care by addressing musculoskeletal issues, promoting healthy lifestyles, providing education on posture, exercise and preparing for labor.
2. During antenatal care, physiotherapists help prevent and treat back pain and pelvic girdle pain, teach exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor, and provide relaxation techniques and advice for maintaining mobility.
3. Postnatal physiotherapy can help with common issues like pelvic floor dysfunction and back pain, as well as educate mothers on recovering from birth and resuming normal activities.
1. Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care by addressing musculoskeletal issues, promoting healthy lifestyles, providing education on posture, exercise and preparing for labor.
2. During antenatal care, physiotherapists help prevent and treat back pain and pelvic girdle pain, teach exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor, and provide relaxation techniques and advice for maintaining mobility.
3. Postnatal care involves addressing common issues like diastasis recti, pelvic floor dysfunction, and back pain, as well as ensuring a smooth recovery through continued education and guidance on exercises.
1. Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care by addressing musculoskeletal issues, promoting healthy lifestyles, providing education on posture, exercise and preparing for labor.
2. During antenatal care, physiotherapists help prevent and treat back pain and pelvic girdle pain, teach exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor, and provide relaxation techniques and advice for maintaining mobility.
3. Postnatal care involves addressing common issues like diastasis recti, urinary incontinence, muscle cramps and back pain through techniques like exercises, electrical stimulation and manual therapy.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in both antenatal and postnatal care. During pregnancy, physiotherapists provide education on posture, exercise, and injury prevention. They also teach relaxation techniques to prepare women for labor. Postnatally, physiotherapists help mothers recover physically through an exercise program and treat any musculoskeletal issues. The overall goal is to help women maintain a healthy pregnancy and support their physical recovery after giving birth.
Pregnancy can induce several pathological conditions involving the back, joints, and veins. Posture-related back pain is common in pregnancy due to postural and hormonal changes, affecting 50-80% of women. Sacroiliac joint pain causes localized pain in the pelvis and posterior thigh. Varicose veins are aggravated by increased weight and venous stasis. Joint laxity increases injury risk requiring exercise modification. Nerve compression syndromes like thoracic outlet syndrome and carpal tunnel syndrome can occur. Treatment focuses on activity modification, external support, exercise modification, and splinting/injections.
This document discusses fitness during pregnancy and the postpartum period. It covers the physiological, biomechanical, and emotional changes that occur during each trimester of pregnancy, labor, and the postnatal period. It provides goals and guidelines for exercise during each stage to promote health and wellness. Exercise recommendations include walking, swimming, and stationary cycling. The document also discusses managing common discomforts like back pain, pelvic pain, varicose veins and hemorrhoids. Relaxation techniques to reduce stress are also covered.
1) The document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care, and the physiotherapy role in addressing musculoskeletal issues and promoting healthy lifestyle.
2) During postnatal care, physiotherapy aims to help the mother's physical recovery through exercises and treatment of issues while educating on ergonomics of caring for a baby.
3) Specific conditions that may require special considerations during pregnancy and appropriate exercises in each trimester are also covered.
1) The document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care, and the physiotherapy role in addressing musculoskeletal issues and promoting healthy lifestyle.
2) During postnatal care, physiotherapy aims to help the mother's physical recovery through exercises and treatment of issues while educating on ergonomics of caring for a baby.
3) Physiotherapy techniques like relaxation, breathing exercises, and advice on posture are provided to mothers during both antenatal and postnatal periods.
This document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care including screening for abnormalities and preparing mothers for labor. It also discusses postnatal physiotherapy focusing on treating musculoskeletal issues like perineal pain and preventing problems like varicose veins. Exercises are outlined for each trimester and postpartum recovery.
1) The document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care including a multidisciplinary team, and the physiotherapist's role in addressing musculoskeletal issues and promoting healthy lifestyle.
2) During postnatal care, the physiotherapist focuses on exercises and education to aid the mother's physical recovery, treat any issues, and provide guidance on proper posture and ergonomics for childcare activities.
3) Advice is also given for special needs, including exercise guidelines tailored to each trimester of pregnancy and considerations for conditions like gestational diabetes.
PELVIC FLOOR STRENGTHENING FOR URINARY INCONTINENCE - DR. JAYASREE (PT) WITH ...DrSunitaPatelPT
Pelvic floor exercises involve contracting and relaxing the pelvic floor muscles to treat urinary incontinence. They work by strengthening the muscles to support the bladder, training muscles to contract before exertion to prevent leakage, and indirectly training the muscles through abdominal contractions. Exercises are recommended multiple times per day. Additional therapies like biofeedback can help teach correct muscle activation. Pelvic floor exercises are considered the first choice treatment due to their effectiveness and lack of side effects.
This document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care including screening for abnormalities and educating on nutrition, and the roles of various healthcare professionals on the antenatal care team. Physiotherapy focuses on preventing and treating musculoskeletal issues, promoting healthy lifestyle, providing postural advice, preparing for labor, and teaching relaxation techniques. Exercises are described as beneficial if done in moderation, and contraindications are provided. Postnatal physiotherapy aids with problems like pelvic floor dysfunction.
This document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care including screening for abnormalities and educating on nutrition, and the roles of various healthcare professionals on the antenatal care team. It describes physiotherapy's role in preventing and treating musculoskeletal issues during pregnancy, promoting healthy lifestyle, providing postural advice, preparing for labor, and teaching relaxation techniques. Guidelines are provided for safe exercise during pregnancy and contraindications. Postnatal physiotherapy aids with problems like pelvic floor dysfunction.
This document discusses the role of physiotherapy in antenatal and postnatal care. It covers maternal physiology changes during pregnancy, objectives of antenatal care including screening for abnormalities and educating on nutrition, and the roles of various healthcare professionals on the antenatal care team. It describes physiotherapy's role in preventing and treating musculoskeletal issues during pregnancy, promoting healthy lifestyle, providing postural advice, preparing for labor, and teaching relaxation techniques. Guidelines are provided for safe exercise during pregnancy and contraindications. Postnatal physiotherapy aids with problems like pelvic floor dysfunction.
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by...Donc Test
TEST BANK For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler, Verified Chapters 1 - 33, Complete Newest Version Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition by Stamler Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition TEST BANK by Stamler Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Study Guide Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Stuvia Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Test Bank For Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Pdf Download Course Hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Answers Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Ebook Download Course hero Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Chapters Download Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Pdf Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Study Guide Questions and Answers Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Ebook Download Stuvia Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Questions Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Studocu Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Quizlet Community Health Nursing A Canadian Perspective, 5th Edition Test Bank Stuvia
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kol...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Versio
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For An Introduction to Brain and Behavior, 7th Edition by Bryan Kolb, Ian Q. Whishaw, Verified Chapters 1 - 16, Complete Newest Version
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of the physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar lead (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
6. Describe the flow of current around the heart during the cardiac cycle
7. Discuss the placement and polarity of the leads of electrocardiograph
8. Describe the normal electrocardiograms recorded from the limb leads and explain the physiological basis of the different records that are obtained
9. Define mean electrical vector (axis) of the heart and give the normal range
10. Define the mean QRS vector
11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
Integrating Ayurveda into Parkinson’s Management: A Holistic ApproachAyurveda ForAll
Explore the benefits of combining Ayurveda with conventional Parkinson's treatments. Learn how a holistic approach can manage symptoms, enhance well-being, and balance body energies. Discover the steps to safely integrate Ayurvedic practices into your Parkinson’s care plan, including expert guidance on diet, herbal remedies, and lifestyle modifications.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdfJim Jacob Roy
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
3. • Post- after Natalis- birth
• The period beginning immediately after the birth of a
child and extending for about six weeks.
• The average hospital stay for spontaneous vaginal
delivery (SVD) is 1–2 days, and the average caesarean
section postnatal stay is 3–4 days.
• The mother is monitored for bleeding, bowel and bladder
function, and baby care.
4. Post-partum phases
• (Postpartum period: three distinct but
continuous phases. Journal of Prenatal
Medicine 2010; 4 (2): 22-25. Mattea Romano,
Alessandra Cacciatore , Rosalba Giordano
and peatrice La Rosa.)
5. Phase Duration Main features
Phase 1 (acute phase) 6-12 hours Period of crisis
Phase 2 (sub-acute) 2-6 weeks Major changes
Phase 3 (delayed post-
partum)
Up to 6 months Residual complications
6.
7. Musculoskeletal Neurological
Laxity of ligaments and
muscles
Nerve traction injuries
Diastasis Nerve plexus injuries
Decreased mechanical control
of abdominal corset
Compression syndromes
Weakened pelvic floor
muscles
Bladder/ bowel dysfunction
Back pain Analgesia induced sensory
and motor deficit
8. Musculo skeletal adaptations
• Anatomical and physiological changes during pregnancy have
the potential to affect the musculoskeletal system at rest and during
exercise.
• The most obvious of these is weight gain.
• The increased weight in pregnancy may significantly increase the
forces across joints such as the hips and knees by as much as
100% during weight bearing exercise such as running.
• Such large forces may cause discomfort to normal joints and
increase damage to arthritic or previously unstable joints.
• Because of anatomical changes, pregnant women typically develop
lumbar lordosis, which contributes to the very high prevalence
(50%) of low back pain in pregnant women.
• Balance may be affected by changes in posture, predisposing
pregnant women to loss of balance and increased risk of falling
9. • Numbness of the perineum in the first few hours.
• Pain caused by labial tears, episiotomy, oedema and
haematoma.
• PFM contractures.
• Increased urine output.
• Urgency, pain on micturation, stress incontinence,
retention of urine and occasionally faecal incontinence.
• Women who have had an epidural may have impaired
bladder sensation.
Genito-urinary
11. Impairments Tool
Pain VAS
Pelvic floor weakness digital examination
Abdominal muscle
weakness
Palpation
Urinary incontinence Pad method, voiding
diary.
Fatigue Brief fatigue inventory
Impaired bladder
sensation/ volition
Bowel/ bladder exam
Diastasis Palpation
Compression injuries Sensory, motor exam,
NCV
Activity Limitation
Impaired bed mobility
Difficulty in moving out of
bed and ambulation
Discomfort while laughing
or sneezing
ADL dependence
12. Thomson`s et al (2002) study proposed (n=1295)
that: -
- Primiparas= were most likely to report perineal
pain and sexual problems.
-Caesearean births (when compared to unassisted
vaginal deliveries) .Were most likely to suffer
exhaustion and bowel problems.Reported less
perineal pain and urinary incontinence .Were most
likely to be readmitted.
-Forceps delivery (when compared to unassisted
vaginal deliveries) Reported more perineal pain
13. Symptoms to look out for / consider referral
on include: - Diastasis rectii abdominis-
Inability to voluntary contract the pelvic floor
- Perineal pain or discomfort - Symphysis
pubis pain or referred pain - Back pain or
discomfort
14.
15.
16.
17. • Mother should be encouraged to be mobile and thereby reduce the
risk of circulatory and respiratory dysfunction
• If confined to bed for prolonged period of time- controlled and deep
breathing exercise and vigorous circulatory exercises should be
encouraged
• Pelvic floor muscle exs- for strengthening and pain relieving
properties.
• Finding the right starting position for the exercise will be the key to
effectiveness.
18. essential point-
•Contract the pelvic floor muscles every time
the intra-abdominal pressure increases
•A more efficient contraction may be obtained
by contracting the transverse abdominus,
before engaging the pelvic floor muscles.
19. Type Mode Intensity Frequency Duration Progression
Aerobic walking,
aerobic
dance,
swimming,
cycling.
Moderate 3-
4 METS. 50-
60% VO2
max.
RPE: 12-16
30 minutes
per day most
days of the
week.
20-60
minutes as
per patient
tolerance.
Increase
exercise
duration
slowly.
Flexibility
Aquatic
exercise
ROM ex’s
full mobility
Strength Light
weights/incre
ased reps.
12 reps,
individually
tailored with
monitoring.
Precautions: supine position, increased joint compression.
20. Procedure indications Precautions
“Squeeze and
lift”
Slow and fast
contractions
3 sets of 8-12
contractions.
Urinary
incontinence
Faecal “
Bladder/urethr
al prolapse
Nerve injuries
Hypertensive
patients.
Full bladder
Prevent breath
hold
21. Stage Procedure Precautions Progression
Stage 1 The deep
abdominals
breathing control Prone, side-lying
and quadruped.
5-10 reps.
10 second holds
10 times
Stage 2 the pelvic
tilt.
Avoid tightly
flattening
abdomen.
Stage 3 the head
lift
Avoid sit-up,
twisting
Progress to
shoulder lift
22. • ABSOLUTE CONTRAINDICATIONS TO EXERCISE (ACOG)
• Haemodynamically significant heart disease • Restrictive lung
disease • Functional weakness of cervix • Premature labour during
the current pregnancy • Ruptured membranes
• REALTIVE CONTAINDICATIONS (ACOG)
• Severe anaemia • Unevaluated maternal cardiac arrhythmia • Chronic
bronchitis • Poorly controlled type I diabetes • Extreme morbid
obesity • Extreme underweight (body mass index <12) • History of
extremely sedentary lifestyle • Poorly controlled hypertension •
Orthopaedic limitations • Poorly controlled seizure disorder • Poorly
controlled thyroid disease
23.
24. • Head should be in line with the trunk
• Maintain natural curves of the spine
• Avoid hyperextension
• Avoid in toeing
• Asymmetrical weight
• Shoulders relaxed and arms held loosely at the side
25. • Fully supported with pillows.
• Uncross legs
• Avoid sustained isometric trunk flexion, rotation.
• Keep movement within sagittal plane
• Perform activities at an appropriate height
26. • Kneel Sitting:
• Bilateral
• Half kneel sitting:
• Unilateral-sitting on one
Heel,other hip forward flexed
With foot flat on the floor
27. • Nappy changing-
-Nappy changing is a another activity that can result in pain
-Positions that increase the risk to the mother should be
avoided for eg sitting with knees extended and trunk
flexed
-erogonomic positions should be explained to the mother
-suggested positions for nappy changing could be sitting
standing and kneeling
29. Musculoske
letal
Genitourina
ry
Neurogenic psychologic
al
Circulatory
Conditions Diastasis
Recti
Back pain
Coccdynia
Symphysis
pubis pain
After pains
Stress
incontinencef
aecal
incontinence
Perineal
tears
Lacerations
Genital
prolapse
Plexus
injuries
Compression
syndromes
Postpartum
depression
Maternity
blues
Puerperal
psychoses
PND
Varicose
veins
Edema
Superficial
vein
thrombosis
DVT
Pulmonary
embolism
Treatment Thermal/cold
modalities,
Mob,
Relaxation,
muscle re-
education
PF ex’s,
timed voiding
techniques,
catherterizati
on.
NMES,
muscle re-
education,
Hospitalizati
on, anti-
psychotic
drugs,
counseling.
Stockings,
elevation,
ATM’s,
general ex’s.
30. Perineal pain
• Pelvic floor muscle exs- - repeated voluntary contraction and
relation will relieve the pain..............repeated pumping action assist
venous and lymphatic drainage and the removal of traumatic
exudates, thus relieving stiffness and restoring function.
• Ice ( moore & james 1989) compared 3 topical agents with cold
therapy in the treatment of post episotomy position. Ice gave better
pain relief
• Crushed ice wrapped in a damp disposable gauze or a disposable
wash cloth and applied to the affected are for 5-10mins (plastic acts
as an insulator therefore effectiveness is reduced)
• Ice cube massage-an ice cube held in a tissue and used by the
woman herself while on the bed or sitting in the toilet can give
excellent pain relief
31. • Ultrasound –
• To increase temp, in turn increases blood flow and increases repair.
Twice daily and does not interfere with functional acivities -
Treatment is best in crooked lying or sidelying position (for better
visualisation of area) - Ultrasound head is then appled through a
coupling gel medium, and in accordance with local infection
guidelines - Pulsed ultrasound is used for analgesic and exudates
removing properties - Initial treatment- 3MHz, 0.5W/cm, and 2mins
per head sized area was used.
32. • Effectiveness of physical therapy for pregnancy-
related low back and/or pelvic pain after delivery: A
systematic review. 2012. (1)
• Pain showed consistent decrease.
• Stabilization ex’s performed under supervision showed
better results.
• The Efficacy of a Treatment Program Focusing on
Specific Stabilizing Exercises for Pelvic Girdle Pain
After Pregnancy A Randomized Controlled Trial. (2)
2004.
• Significant improvements in pain, QOL and function
compared to placebo.
33. •Stabilization exercises in postnatal low back pain.
2011.
--The second group showed statistically significant
differences in pain reduction.
An alternative intervention for urinary incontinence:
Retraining diaphragmatic, deep abdominal and pelvic
floor muscle coordinated function. 2010
Improved self reported symptoms
Improved quality of life
Decreased leakage
No change in PFM strength
34.
35. • A comparison of high- versus low-intensity, high-
frequency transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation
for painful postpartum uterine contractions. 2007
• Women treated with HI TENS experiences lesser pain
and discomfort than LOW TENS.
• However discomfort of stimulation was higher in HI
TENS group.
• Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation After
Caesarean birth. 2007.
• Decreased pain
• Parameters used: carbon electrodes, frequency: 100 pps
and pulse duration: 140-170 msec.
36. • Effect of behavioural training with and without pelvic floor
electrical stimulation on stress incontinence in women. 2003.
• No significant improvement in NMES group in terms of
decreased leakage.
• Parameters: Frequency: 20 Hz, Current: biphasic, pulse
width: 1 millisec, duty cycle: 1:1 and intensity: 0-100 mA.
37. • Therapeutic ultrasound for postpartum perineal pain and
dyspareunia. Cochrane review. 2009
• Decreases in acute pain and edema
• Increased bruising at 10 days
• Decreased long term discomfort.
38. • A randomised controlled trial to compare the
effectiveness of icepacks and Epifoamwith cooling
maternity gel pads at alleviating postnatal perineal
trauma. 2000.
• Ice packs showed greater beneficial effect on pain,
bruising and oedema.
• Comparison of application times for ice packs used
to relieve perineal pain after normal birth: a
randomised clinical trial. 2007.
• 10, 15 and 20 minutes application showed no significant
differences in pain.
39. • Adverse events from spinal manipulation in the
pregnant and postpartum periods: a critical review
of the literature. 2012.
• SMT could be performed safely in post-partum women
with precautions.
47. • 1. Ferreira CWS, Alburquerque-Sendn F. Effectiveness of
physical therapy for pregnancy-related low back and/or pelvic
pain after delivery: A systematic Review. Physiotherapy Theory
and Practice, 2012; 1-3. (published online).
• 2. Stuge B, Lærum E , Kirkesola G, Vøllestad P. The Efficacy of
a Treatment Program Focusing on Specific Stabilizing
Exercises for Pelvic Girdle Pain After Pregnancy A Randomized
Controlled Trial. SPINE Volume 29, Number 4, pp 351–359, 2004.
• 3. Vairajothi K, Chitra TV, Baranitharan R, Mahalakshmi V. A
comparative study of the therapeutic effect of pelvic floor
exercises and perineometer among women with urinary stress
Incontinence. IJOPT, 2005, volume 5; number 1, pg 33-36.
• 4. Amar TA. Stabilization exercises in postnatal low back pain.
Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy. 2011,
Vol. 5, No.1.
48. • 5. Hsiu-Chuan Hung et al. An alternative intervention for
urinary incontinence: Retraining diaphragmatic, deep
abdominal and pelvic floor muscle coordinated function.
Manual Therapy 15 (2010) 273–279.
• 6. A randomised controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of
icepacks and Epifoamwith cooling maternity gel pads at
alleviating postnatal perineal trauma. Midwifery, 2000; 16, 48-55.
• Hay-Smith J. Therapeutic ultrasound for postpartum perineal
pain and dyspareunia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1998, Issue 3.
• 7. Doumulin C et al. Pelvic floor rehabilitation , Part II: Pelvic
floor re-education with interferential currents and Exercise in
the Treatment of Genuine Stress Incontinence in Postpartum
Women --A Cohort study. PHYS THER. 1995; 75:1075-1081.
• 8. Goode PS et al. Effect of behavioural training with and
without pelvic floor electrical stimulation on stress
incontinence in women. 2003. JAMA 2003- vol 290, no 3.
49. 9. Stuber KJ, Wynd S, Weis CA. Adverse events from spinal
manipulation in the pregnant and postpartum periods: a critical
review of the literature. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 2012,
20:8
10. Sonia MJV Oliveira et al. Comparison of application times for
ice packs used to relieve perineal pain after normal birth: a
randomised clinical trial. PHYS THER. 1995; 75:1075-1081.
11. Hay-Smith J. Therapeutic ultrasound for postpartum perineal
pain and dyspareunia (Review). 2009 The Cochrane
Collaboration.
• Textbook of obstetrics and Gynaecology Jill Mantle.
• Jeffcoate’s principles of obstetrics and Gynaecology.