This document provides guidance on newborn assessment and examination. It outlines the objectives, indications, terminology, required equipment, and process for assessing a newborn. Key points include:
- The objectives are to assess the newborn's development, well-being, and detect any deviations from normal. Examinations should occur within 2 hours of birth, before discharge, and after 6-8 weeks.
- The assessment includes checking vital signs, physical measurements, skin appearance, reflexes and neurological responses. Specific areas of the body are examined including the head, eyes, chest, abdomen, extremities and genitalia.
- Common reflexes in newborns like Moro's reflex and Babinski reflex
This slide contain detail description of basic terminologies, neonatal (head to toe examination) assessment, neonatal reflexes, minor physiological handicaps of newborn
This document provides information on newborn examination including its definition, objectives, indications, required equipment, procedures, and assessment of various body systems. The examination should be done within 24 hours of birth, and then again at 2 weeks and 4-6 weeks. It involves assessing vital signs, measurements, skin, head, eyes, chest, abdomen, extremities and reflexes to screen for any issues and ensure normal development. The goals are to evaluate the need for resuscitation, determine gestational age, and detect any congenital anomalies.
1. This document provides information about assessing a normal newborn, including definitions, the roles of neonatal nurses and physicians, admission care, assessment tools like the APGAR score, physical examination procedures, and common findings.
2. Key aspects of assessment covered include transitional periods, gestational age assessment, vital signs, general appearance, specific body systems, and reflexes. Common skin findings, genital variations, and care recommendations are also outlined.
3. Assessment involves a full physical exam, documentation of measurements, and ensuring stability of the newborn's vital signs while monitoring for any conditions requiring further intervention or special care.
1. The document provides guidance on assessing the normal newborn in the nursery or maternity floor. It outlines admission care including history taking, identification, and physical assessment.
2. Assessment includes APGAR scoring initially and monitoring transitional periods. A systematic physical exam is described covering all body systems.
3. Immediate newborn care priorities are outlined as clearing airways, establishing breathing, maintaining temperature, preventing hypoglycemia, and identification. Common reflexes are also reviewed.
The document provides guidance on routine clinical assessment and care of newborn infants. It describes assessing the infant's general appearance, skin, color, jaundice, head, eyes, cardiovascular/respiratory systems, abdomen, spine, genitals, and measurements. Routine care includes cord care, thermal control, rooming-in with the mother, feeding, immunizations, and educating mothers on hygiene. The document emphasizes the importance of handwashing to reduce infection risk for newborns.
Normal newborn care, by Dr Amal Khalil, Dean of Nursing college, Port said University, Port said. Presented in the NICU nursing workshop, organized by Nursing syndicate in Suez canal & Sinai in cooperation with Port said university college of nursing & Port said neonatology society, December,2014 Port said
The document describes various characteristics of newborns, including their physiology and reflexes. It discusses vital signs like temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure in newborns. It also covers anthropometric measurements, skin changes like vernix caseosa, lanugo, jaundice and desquamation. Characteristics of the newborn head such as fontanels, molding, caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma are explained. Eye features including eyelid edema, lacrimal apparatus, subconjunctival hemorrhage and strabismus are covered. Finally, the respiratory system development and characteristics of newborn respiration are briefly outlined.
The document provides information on the characteristics of newborns and their reflexes. It discusses the vital signs, measurements, skin changes, head features, eye characteristics, respiratory, circulatory, gastrointestinal, endocrine and renal systems of newborns. It also describes common newborn reflexes like rooting and sucking reflexes. The physiological development and adaptations of major body systems in newborns are explained in detail in the 3-sentence summary.
This slide contain detail description of basic terminologies, neonatal (head to toe examination) assessment, neonatal reflexes, minor physiological handicaps of newborn
This document provides information on newborn examination including its definition, objectives, indications, required equipment, procedures, and assessment of various body systems. The examination should be done within 24 hours of birth, and then again at 2 weeks and 4-6 weeks. It involves assessing vital signs, measurements, skin, head, eyes, chest, abdomen, extremities and reflexes to screen for any issues and ensure normal development. The goals are to evaluate the need for resuscitation, determine gestational age, and detect any congenital anomalies.
1. This document provides information about assessing a normal newborn, including definitions, the roles of neonatal nurses and physicians, admission care, assessment tools like the APGAR score, physical examination procedures, and common findings.
2. Key aspects of assessment covered include transitional periods, gestational age assessment, vital signs, general appearance, specific body systems, and reflexes. Common skin findings, genital variations, and care recommendations are also outlined.
3. Assessment involves a full physical exam, documentation of measurements, and ensuring stability of the newborn's vital signs while monitoring for any conditions requiring further intervention or special care.
1. The document provides guidance on assessing the normal newborn in the nursery or maternity floor. It outlines admission care including history taking, identification, and physical assessment.
2. Assessment includes APGAR scoring initially and monitoring transitional periods. A systematic physical exam is described covering all body systems.
3. Immediate newborn care priorities are outlined as clearing airways, establishing breathing, maintaining temperature, preventing hypoglycemia, and identification. Common reflexes are also reviewed.
The document provides guidance on routine clinical assessment and care of newborn infants. It describes assessing the infant's general appearance, skin, color, jaundice, head, eyes, cardiovascular/respiratory systems, abdomen, spine, genitals, and measurements. Routine care includes cord care, thermal control, rooming-in with the mother, feeding, immunizations, and educating mothers on hygiene. The document emphasizes the importance of handwashing to reduce infection risk for newborns.
Normal newborn care, by Dr Amal Khalil, Dean of Nursing college, Port said University, Port said. Presented in the NICU nursing workshop, organized by Nursing syndicate in Suez canal & Sinai in cooperation with Port said university college of nursing & Port said neonatology society, December,2014 Port said
The document describes various characteristics of newborns, including their physiology and reflexes. It discusses vital signs like temperature, pulse, respiration and blood pressure in newborns. It also covers anthropometric measurements, skin changes like vernix caseosa, lanugo, jaundice and desquamation. Characteristics of the newborn head such as fontanels, molding, caput succedaneum and cephalohematoma are explained. Eye features including eyelid edema, lacrimal apparatus, subconjunctival hemorrhage and strabismus are covered. Finally, the respiratory system development and characteristics of newborn respiration are briefly outlined.
The document provides information on the characteristics of newborns and their reflexes. It discusses the vital signs, measurements, skin changes, head features, eye characteristics, respiratory, circulatory, gastrointestinal, endocrine and renal systems of newborns. It also describes common newborn reflexes like rooting and sucking reflexes. The physiological development and adaptations of major body systems in newborns are explained in detail in the 3-sentence summary.
1. The document defines the neonatal period as the time from birth to 4 weeks postnatal. During this period, newborns are observed and stabilized in the normal newborn nursery or on the maternity floor.
2. The roles of nurses and physicians in the normal newborn nursery include admission care like assessments, history taking, and ensuring identification; ongoing assessments using tools like the APGAR score; and providing routine neonatal care like maintaining temperature and establishing breastfeeding.
3. Physical examinations of newborns assess various body systems and features like reflexes, fontanels, skin characteristics, and vital signs to evaluate overall health and normalcy. Any abnormalities are noted.
The document provides information on assessing a newborn, including:
1. The objectives are to assess the newborn's development, wellbeing, and detect any deviations from normal. Assessments should be done within 2 hours of birth, before discharge, and at 6-8 weeks.
2. The assessment includes checking vital signs, measuring height, head circumference, chest circumference, and weight. The physical exam evaluates the skin, head, eyes, ears, mouth, neck, chest, abdomen, umbilical cord, back, genitals, and extremities.
3. Neonatal reflexes like sucking, rooting, Moro, and Babinski are also assessed to evaluate neurological development
The document describes the characteristics of newborns, including vital signs like temperature regulation, pulse, blood pressure, and respiration. It discusses physical characteristics like the head, fontanels, skin, eyes, ears, gastrointestinal and circulatory systems. Key reflexes present in newborns are also outlined, such as the rooting, Moro, and Babinski reflexes. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological and physical norms of the neonatal period.
The document describes the typical characteristics of a newborn infant. It discusses the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life and the physiological adaptations required. Key systems like temperature regulation, vital signs, skin, head, eyes/ears, gastrointestinal, circulatory, respiratory, endocrine and neuromuscular systems are summarized along with common assessments and implications for nursing care of the newborn in the delivery room and nursery.
This document provides guidance on performing a neonatal examination within the first 24 hours of birth. It describes assessing the infant's vital signs, appearance, skin color, head, length/weight/head circumference, gestational age, and performing a physical exam. The exam involves inspecting the skin for any abnormalities, checking the fontanelles, listening to the heart and lungs, and looking for any signs of distress, jaundice or abnormalities. Growth measurements are plotted on charts and the gestational age is estimated based on physical criteria and scores.
This document provides guidance on performing a neonatal examination within the first 24 hours of birth. It describes examining the infant's vital signs, appearance, skin color, head, neck, face, ears, and eyes. Specific things to note include gestational age, weight, any abnormalities present, fontanelles, skin rashes, bruising or bleeding. The goal is to evaluate the infant's overall health and identify any issues that require follow up or treatment.
The document discusses the characteristics and reflexes of newborns. It describes the vital signs, measurements, skin changes, and features of the head, eyes, gastrointestinal system, and genitals that are typical in newborns. It also outlines the rooting, sucking, Moro, tonic neck, and other reflexes that newborns exhibit and the ages at which they typically disappear. The document concludes by covering the perceptual skills like vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell that newborns possess and their basic needs for things like nutrition, hygiene, and protection from infection.
Immediate care of newborn, midwifery and obstetrical nursingNursing education
Having brief knowledge regarding immediate care of newborn The time of birth is one of transition from intrauterine life to an independent existence and call for many adjustment in the physiology of the baby. Normal infant are at low risk of developing problems in the new born period and therefore, require primary care only. That’s means the, new born care is comprehensive strategy designed to improve the health of newborn through intervention just soon after birth, in post natal ward and up to 28 days.
Essential care of the normal healthy neonates can be provided by the mothers under supervision of nursing personnel or basic or primary health care provider. About 80% of the newborn babies should be kept with their mothers rather than in separate nursery. The immediate care after birth is simple but very important. The baby has just come from warm quit uterus. So be gentle with the baby and keep the warm.
DEFINITION-
Newborn is the child of the first month of the life and transition of intrauterine life to extrauterine life.
Purposes-
1) To establish, maintain and support respiration
2) To prevent injury and infection
3) To provide warmth and prevent hypothermia
4) To identify actual or potential that may require immediate attention
1. Physical assessment of the newborn can be divided into 3 phases: initial assessment using Apgar score, transitional assessment of periods of reactivity, and a period of stabilization.
2. Key assessments include vital signs like temperature, pulse, respiration; physical exams of general appearance, head/neck, chest, heart, abdomen, back, limbs; and neurological assessment of primitive reflexes.
3. Primitive reflexes present at birth like sucking, rooting, and moro reflexes are important for survival and typically disappear by 3-4 months as the baby develops higher brain functions.
Normal Newborn & Common Neonatal problems.pptAmirAhmedGeza
This document provides information on the normal newborn and common neonatal problems. It discusses the normal physical exam findings of a newborn and common benign skin conditions like salmon patches, port wine stains, and hemangiomas. It also describes some common birth injuries and problems such as caput succedaneum, cephalhematoma, Erb's palsy, and neonatal gynecomastia. The document provides details on the clinical presentation and typical resolution of these common neonatal findings and issues.
The document provides information on the characteristics of newborn infants including general appearance, measurements, vital signs, reflexes, and systems. A newborn is typically red or purple in color, 50 cm long, 2.8-3.5 kg in weight, and has a head circumference of 33-35 cm. Their temperature is normally 36-38°C. Key reflexes like rooting and sucking start to diminish between 3-8 months. Systems such as respiratory, circulatory, and gastrointestinal undergo changes after birth to transition from fetal to newborn circulation and function.
The document discusses the newborn period from birth to 4 weeks of age. It covers the physical exam and assessment of a newborn, including vital signs, measurements, skin characteristics, and examination of individual body systems. The key points are that the newborn period is a critical time of transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life and newborns require close monitoring and management to support this adaptation. A thorough physical exam provides important information about the newborn's health, growth, and maturity.
This document provides guidance on newborn assessment, which is a systematic examination of the newborn conducted shortly after birth and within the first 24 hours. It involves reviewing the pregnancy and delivery history and thoroughly examining the newborn from head to toe. The goals are to evaluate the newborn's adaptation to extrauterine life, detect any medical issues or congenital abnormalities, and assess resuscitation needs. The assessment consists of evaluating vital signs, reflexes, muscle tone, appearance and measurements of the body. It is important for ensuring the health of the newborn.
This document provides information on newborn assessment including risk factors, immediate post-birth care, transitional assessment, physical examination, and specific assessments of various body systems. Key points include:
- Maternal/fetal risk factors can be modified (e.g. smoking) or inherent (e.g. diabetes) and are important to anticipate potential problems.
- Immediate post-birth care includes maintaining ABCs, thermoregulation, vitamin K administration, breastfeeding, and skin care.
- The transitional period involves periods of reactivity in the first 24 hours as the newborn adapts to extrauterine life. Physical examination follows a head-to-toe sequence and includes measurements, vital signs
The document discusses the assessment of normal newborns. It describes how a complete physical assessment is performed at birth and throughout the hospital stay to check for any problems or complications. This includes assessing various body systems and measurements like weight, height, temperature. It also describes the transitional periods that newborns go through and the typical appearance, reflexes, and measurements of a healthy newborn.
The document discusses the assessment of a normal newborn infant. It describes the initial Apgar scoring at birth and transitional assessments during the first hours and days. A full physical examination is outlined assessing various body systems and measurements. Key reflexes and behaviors are also described including feeding, sleeping, and excretion that provide information on the infant's wellbeing. The summary provides an overview of the important aspects of newborn assessment covered in the document.
This document provides information on assessing the health of a newborn infant, including pertinent maternal history, physical assessment findings, and physiologic functioning. Key areas of assessment include posture, length, weight, skin features, head circumference, fontanels, sutures, and facial features like eyes. Communication of this assessment data helps ensure effective nursing care is provided to the neonate.
2.A DEMONSTRATION ON NEWBORN ASSESSMENT.pptxbrownmunde108
An initial newborn assessment involves a thorough physical examination to evaluate the health and development of the newborn. The assessment includes measuring vital signs, growth parameters, examining the skin and all body systems, and testing reflexes. The purpose is to detect any issues, ensure well-being, and allow for early intervention if needed. The assessment follows standard procedures and examines the newborn from head to toe in an organized sequence.
The document provides guidance on newborn assessment and care immediately after delivery and in the nursery. It describes establishing breathing and maintaining neutral thermal environment as priorities after delivery. It also outlines procedures like the Apgar score, vitamin K injection, and eye prophylaxis. The document gives ranges for vital signs, growth measurements, and describes common newborn marks. It provides guidance on initial feeding and comprehensive physical assessment of the newborn.
Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Sharma is an interventional cardiologist who has had an excellent academic career. The goal of this session is to provide a basic understanding of ECG waves and intervals, how to interpret ECGs, and describe key aspects of using ECGs clinically. An ECG represents the heart's electrical activity and can be used to identify arrhythmias, ischemia, chamber abnormalities, and other conditions. It is important to carefully analyze standardized ECGs by examining features like rhythm, intervals, voltages and assessing for any abnormalities.
Complication of acute Miocardialk infraction .pptSheliDuya2
This document discusses complications that can arise from an acute myocardial infarction (MI). It begins by outlining the ischemic cascade, describing the sequence of events that occur during a MI from early diastolic dysfunction to later chest pain symptoms and biomarker release. It then discusses specific complications based on the coronary artery involved, such as bradyarrhythmias and heart block from a right coronary artery MI or advanced heart block and ventricular arrhythmias from a left anterior descending artery MI. The document emphasizes thinking anatomically about each patient's specific coronary occlusion and considering mechanical issues like ventricular septal defects, mitral regurgitation, and cardiogenic shock.
1. The document defines the neonatal period as the time from birth to 4 weeks postnatal. During this period, newborns are observed and stabilized in the normal newborn nursery or on the maternity floor.
2. The roles of nurses and physicians in the normal newborn nursery include admission care like assessments, history taking, and ensuring identification; ongoing assessments using tools like the APGAR score; and providing routine neonatal care like maintaining temperature and establishing breastfeeding.
3. Physical examinations of newborns assess various body systems and features like reflexes, fontanels, skin characteristics, and vital signs to evaluate overall health and normalcy. Any abnormalities are noted.
The document provides information on assessing a newborn, including:
1. The objectives are to assess the newborn's development, wellbeing, and detect any deviations from normal. Assessments should be done within 2 hours of birth, before discharge, and at 6-8 weeks.
2. The assessment includes checking vital signs, measuring height, head circumference, chest circumference, and weight. The physical exam evaluates the skin, head, eyes, ears, mouth, neck, chest, abdomen, umbilical cord, back, genitals, and extremities.
3. Neonatal reflexes like sucking, rooting, Moro, and Babinski are also assessed to evaluate neurological development
The document describes the characteristics of newborns, including vital signs like temperature regulation, pulse, blood pressure, and respiration. It discusses physical characteristics like the head, fontanels, skin, eyes, ears, gastrointestinal and circulatory systems. Key reflexes present in newborns are also outlined, such as the rooting, Moro, and Babinski reflexes. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological and physical norms of the neonatal period.
The document describes the typical characteristics of a newborn infant. It discusses the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life and the physiological adaptations required. Key systems like temperature regulation, vital signs, skin, head, eyes/ears, gastrointestinal, circulatory, respiratory, endocrine and neuromuscular systems are summarized along with common assessments and implications for nursing care of the newborn in the delivery room and nursery.
This document provides guidance on performing a neonatal examination within the first 24 hours of birth. It describes assessing the infant's vital signs, appearance, skin color, head, length/weight/head circumference, gestational age, and performing a physical exam. The exam involves inspecting the skin for any abnormalities, checking the fontanelles, listening to the heart and lungs, and looking for any signs of distress, jaundice or abnormalities. Growth measurements are plotted on charts and the gestational age is estimated based on physical criteria and scores.
This document provides guidance on performing a neonatal examination within the first 24 hours of birth. It describes examining the infant's vital signs, appearance, skin color, head, neck, face, ears, and eyes. Specific things to note include gestational age, weight, any abnormalities present, fontanelles, skin rashes, bruising or bleeding. The goal is to evaluate the infant's overall health and identify any issues that require follow up or treatment.
The document discusses the characteristics and reflexes of newborns. It describes the vital signs, measurements, skin changes, and features of the head, eyes, gastrointestinal system, and genitals that are typical in newborns. It also outlines the rooting, sucking, Moro, tonic neck, and other reflexes that newborns exhibit and the ages at which they typically disappear. The document concludes by covering the perceptual skills like vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell that newborns possess and their basic needs for things like nutrition, hygiene, and protection from infection.
Immediate care of newborn, midwifery and obstetrical nursingNursing education
Having brief knowledge regarding immediate care of newborn The time of birth is one of transition from intrauterine life to an independent existence and call for many adjustment in the physiology of the baby. Normal infant are at low risk of developing problems in the new born period and therefore, require primary care only. That’s means the, new born care is comprehensive strategy designed to improve the health of newborn through intervention just soon after birth, in post natal ward and up to 28 days.
Essential care of the normal healthy neonates can be provided by the mothers under supervision of nursing personnel or basic or primary health care provider. About 80% of the newborn babies should be kept with their mothers rather than in separate nursery. The immediate care after birth is simple but very important. The baby has just come from warm quit uterus. So be gentle with the baby and keep the warm.
DEFINITION-
Newborn is the child of the first month of the life and transition of intrauterine life to extrauterine life.
Purposes-
1) To establish, maintain and support respiration
2) To prevent injury and infection
3) To provide warmth and prevent hypothermia
4) To identify actual or potential that may require immediate attention
1. Physical assessment of the newborn can be divided into 3 phases: initial assessment using Apgar score, transitional assessment of periods of reactivity, and a period of stabilization.
2. Key assessments include vital signs like temperature, pulse, respiration; physical exams of general appearance, head/neck, chest, heart, abdomen, back, limbs; and neurological assessment of primitive reflexes.
3. Primitive reflexes present at birth like sucking, rooting, and moro reflexes are important for survival and typically disappear by 3-4 months as the baby develops higher brain functions.
Normal Newborn & Common Neonatal problems.pptAmirAhmedGeza
This document provides information on the normal newborn and common neonatal problems. It discusses the normal physical exam findings of a newborn and common benign skin conditions like salmon patches, port wine stains, and hemangiomas. It also describes some common birth injuries and problems such as caput succedaneum, cephalhematoma, Erb's palsy, and neonatal gynecomastia. The document provides details on the clinical presentation and typical resolution of these common neonatal findings and issues.
The document provides information on the characteristics of newborn infants including general appearance, measurements, vital signs, reflexes, and systems. A newborn is typically red or purple in color, 50 cm long, 2.8-3.5 kg in weight, and has a head circumference of 33-35 cm. Their temperature is normally 36-38°C. Key reflexes like rooting and sucking start to diminish between 3-8 months. Systems such as respiratory, circulatory, and gastrointestinal undergo changes after birth to transition from fetal to newborn circulation and function.
The document discusses the newborn period from birth to 4 weeks of age. It covers the physical exam and assessment of a newborn, including vital signs, measurements, skin characteristics, and examination of individual body systems. The key points are that the newborn period is a critical time of transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life and newborns require close monitoring and management to support this adaptation. A thorough physical exam provides important information about the newborn's health, growth, and maturity.
This document provides guidance on newborn assessment, which is a systematic examination of the newborn conducted shortly after birth and within the first 24 hours. It involves reviewing the pregnancy and delivery history and thoroughly examining the newborn from head to toe. The goals are to evaluate the newborn's adaptation to extrauterine life, detect any medical issues or congenital abnormalities, and assess resuscitation needs. The assessment consists of evaluating vital signs, reflexes, muscle tone, appearance and measurements of the body. It is important for ensuring the health of the newborn.
This document provides information on newborn assessment including risk factors, immediate post-birth care, transitional assessment, physical examination, and specific assessments of various body systems. Key points include:
- Maternal/fetal risk factors can be modified (e.g. smoking) or inherent (e.g. diabetes) and are important to anticipate potential problems.
- Immediate post-birth care includes maintaining ABCs, thermoregulation, vitamin K administration, breastfeeding, and skin care.
- The transitional period involves periods of reactivity in the first 24 hours as the newborn adapts to extrauterine life. Physical examination follows a head-to-toe sequence and includes measurements, vital signs
The document discusses the assessment of normal newborns. It describes how a complete physical assessment is performed at birth and throughout the hospital stay to check for any problems or complications. This includes assessing various body systems and measurements like weight, height, temperature. It also describes the transitional periods that newborns go through and the typical appearance, reflexes, and measurements of a healthy newborn.
The document discusses the assessment of a normal newborn infant. It describes the initial Apgar scoring at birth and transitional assessments during the first hours and days. A full physical examination is outlined assessing various body systems and measurements. Key reflexes and behaviors are also described including feeding, sleeping, and excretion that provide information on the infant's wellbeing. The summary provides an overview of the important aspects of newborn assessment covered in the document.
This document provides information on assessing the health of a newborn infant, including pertinent maternal history, physical assessment findings, and physiologic functioning. Key areas of assessment include posture, length, weight, skin features, head circumference, fontanels, sutures, and facial features like eyes. Communication of this assessment data helps ensure effective nursing care is provided to the neonate.
2.A DEMONSTRATION ON NEWBORN ASSESSMENT.pptxbrownmunde108
An initial newborn assessment involves a thorough physical examination to evaluate the health and development of the newborn. The assessment includes measuring vital signs, growth parameters, examining the skin and all body systems, and testing reflexes. The purpose is to detect any issues, ensure well-being, and allow for early intervention if needed. The assessment follows standard procedures and examines the newborn from head to toe in an organized sequence.
The document provides guidance on newborn assessment and care immediately after delivery and in the nursery. It describes establishing breathing and maintaining neutral thermal environment as priorities after delivery. It also outlines procedures like the Apgar score, vitamin K injection, and eye prophylaxis. The document gives ranges for vital signs, growth measurements, and describes common newborn marks. It provides guidance on initial feeding and comprehensive physical assessment of the newborn.
Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Sharma is an interventional cardiologist who has had an excellent academic career. The goal of this session is to provide a basic understanding of ECG waves and intervals, how to interpret ECGs, and describe key aspects of using ECGs clinically. An ECG represents the heart's electrical activity and can be used to identify arrhythmias, ischemia, chamber abnormalities, and other conditions. It is important to carefully analyze standardized ECGs by examining features like rhythm, intervals, voltages and assessing for any abnormalities.
Complication of acute Miocardialk infraction .pptSheliDuya2
This document discusses complications that can arise from an acute myocardial infarction (MI). It begins by outlining the ischemic cascade, describing the sequence of events that occur during a MI from early diastolic dysfunction to later chest pain symptoms and biomarker release. It then discusses specific complications based on the coronary artery involved, such as bradyarrhythmias and heart block from a right coronary artery MI or advanced heart block and ventricular arrhythmias from a left anterior descending artery MI. The document emphasizes thinking anatomically about each patient's specific coronary occlusion and considering mechanical issues like ventricular septal defects, mitral regurgitation, and cardiogenic shock.
The document lists various psychiatric terminology used in nursing including types of delirium, dementia, altered states of consciousness, abnormal behaviors, thought disorders, mood disorders, eating disorders, and memory disorders. Key terms are delirium, dementia, delusion, hallucination, amnesia, anorexia nervosa, and bulimia nervosa. The document provides an overview of important psychiatric concepts and terminology for nursing.
The document discusses personality disorders, defining them as enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about oneself and the environment that cause significant distress or impairment. It describes the main features of personality disorders and the clusters in the DSM-IV-TR (odd/eccentric, dramatic/emotional/erratic, and anxious/fearful). Treatment involves psychotherapy tailored to the specific disorder as well as potential pharmacotherapy to target symptoms. Personality disorders are generally difficult to treat but therapy can be helpful.
The document discusses Sigmund Freud's theory of personality development. Freud believed personality develops through stages from birth through adulthood. The key components of personality are the id, ego, and superego, which are constantly in conflict. The id operates on the pleasure principle, the ego mediates between the id and reality, and the superego incorporates societal morals. Freud proposed five psychosexual stages of development - oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital - where unresolved conflicts in early stages can impact personality long-term.
Antepartum haemorrhage (APH), or bleeding during pregnancy, can be caused by placenta praevia or abruption placentae. Placenta praevia occurs when the placenta implants in the lower uterine segment, potentially causing bleeding as the cervix dilates. Abruptio placentae involves premature separation of a normally implanted placenta from the uterus, and risks include hypertension, smoking, and trauma. APH is a medical emergency treated initially with IV fluids and blood transfusions, with management depending on gestational age and severity of bleeding, potentially involving bed rest, corticosteroids, or caesarean delivery.
Mood disorders involve disturbances of mood accompanied by related cognitive, psychomotor, physiological and interpersonal difficulties. They are characterized by episodes of mania, hypomania or depression that are not due to other medical conditions. The main types of mood disorders are bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, major depressive disorder, dysthymic disorder and cyclothymic disorder. The disorders involve abnormalities in neurotransmitters like serotonin and catecholamines as well as genetic and environmental/psychosocial factors. Symptoms vary between disorders but can include changes in mood, thought patterns, speech, activity levels, appetite and sleep alongside possible psychotic features. Careful diagnosis involves evaluating the severity and duration of symptom episodes.
This document discusses mental defence mechanisms, which Sigmund Freud proposed as unconscious processes that protect individuals from anxiety, shame, loss of self-esteem, and other uncomfortable feelings. Defence mechanisms operate unconsciously and can be positive or negative. Positive mechanisms include compensation, sublimation, and rationalization, while negative mechanisms include projection, regression, and denial. The document provides definitions and examples of various defence mechanisms.
This document discusses normal amniotic fluid levels at different gestational ages and the causes and effects of oligohydramnios, or low amniotic fluid. It notes that oligohydramnios can be caused by maternal or fetal conditions and leads to risks for the fetus like skeletal deformities, contractures, and pulmonary hypoplasia. The management of oligohydramnios involves counseling, serial ultrasounds, amnioinfusion if needed, monitoring for signs of fetal distress, and delivery according to the specific conditions and gestational age.
Johann Christian Reil coined the term "psychiatry" and Philippe Pinel is considered the father of modern psychiatry. Linda Richards was the first formally trained psychiatric nurse. The document discusses the history and development of psychiatry and mental health nursing in India and worldwide, including important dates like the establishment of the first mental hospital in New York, passage of the Indian Lunacy Act in 1912, and implementation of the National Mental Health Program in India in 1982. It also reviews global organizations involved in mental health like WHO, components of mental health, and prevention strategies in psychiatry nursing.
This document outlines postnatal exercises for new mothers. It defines postnatal exercises as physical exercises performed after birth to optimize health and prevent complications. The purposes are to improve muscle tone stretched during pregnancy/labor, educate on posture, minimize blood clot risk, and prevent issues like back pain, prolapse, and incontinence. Exercise types include abdominal, circulatory, pelvic floor, and chest exercises. Specific exercises are described like abdominal breathing, head lifts, leg raises, and pelvic floor contractions. The document provides instructions for safely performing postnatal exercises.
This document discusses postnatal care and counseling. It describes examining the health of the mother and baby, providing advice on breastfeeding, family planning, and postpartum exercises. The composition of colostrum and breast milk is compared. Advice is given on returning to daily activities and follow-up appointments are scheduled to continue monitoring progress.
schizophrenia is most common psychiatric condition characterized by disturbance in thinking, emotion and volition with presence of clear consciousness.
This document discusses therapeutic communication and the nurse-patient relationship. It covers key aspects like the goals of therapeutic communication including establishing trust and identifying patient needs. It also describes the different phases of the therapeutic relationship from orientation to termination. Specific techniques for therapeutic communication are provided, such as active listening, reflection, clarification and self-disclosure. The importance of self-awareness for nurses and understanding dynamics using models like the Johari Window are also highlighted. Maintaining privacy, respect and using touch appropriately are emphasized as important aspects of effective therapeutic communication.
This document discusses lactation and postnatal care. It describes the stages of lactation, types of breast milk, and composition differences between colostrum and mature milk. Postnatal care aims to assess mother and baby health, provide family planning guidance, and detect/treat any medical issues. Examinations of the mother include vital signs and pelvic checks. Advice covers breastfeeding, exercise, nutrition, and contraception. Complications are outlined as well as treatments for issues like infection, bleeding, or vaginal problems.
This graph shows data for 4 categories over 5 time periods. It contains 3 data series that provide measurements for each category at each time period. The y-axis ranges from 0 to 5 but is not labeled with the measurement unit.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
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How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
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How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
2. DEFINITION: It is systematic examination
(physical and neurological) of newborn
OBJECTIVES:
1. To provide an assessment of infant’s
state of development of wellbeing.
2. To detect any deviation from normal.
3. To assess the progress of the child.
3. • INDICATIONS
First examination: a detailed one in labor
room within 2 hours of birth.
Second examination: Before discharge.
Third examination: After 6-8 weeks of
neonatal life.
4. . TERMONOLOGIES:
• Small for gestational age (SGA)is less than 10% for weight at the time
of birth • Large for gestational age (LGA) is more than 90% for weight at
the time of birth • Appropriate for gestational age( AGA) is the birth
weight between 10-90%
• FULL TERM: 37 to 42 weeks or 259 to 294 days. • PRE-TERM: after 28
weeks and before 37 weeks. • POST- TERM: after 42 weeks.
5.
6. ARTICLES REQUIRED TPR Tray A tray containing: 1.
Hand washing articles 2. Apron 3. Stethoscope 4. Inch
tape 5. Torch 6. Bowl containing cotton wisp 7.
Weighing machine 8. Bowl with extra cotton 9.
Mackintosh 10. Kidney tray 11. Paper bag
INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF NEWBORN 1.
IDENTIFICATION Check and identify the sex of the
infant and verify the records with the correct name,
sex and registration number. 2. GESTATIONAL AGE
FULL TERM/ PRE-TERM/ POST- TERM
7. VITAL SIGNS Check the vital signs in the following
order: a) RESPIRATION: normal value of respiration is
40-60 breaths/min. b) HEART RATE: normal value of
heart rate is 120-140 beats/min. c) TEMPERATURE:
normal value of temperature is 36.5-37.5 degree
Celsius.
PHYSICAL EXAMINATION LENGTH: Crown to heel
length with infant supine/ upside down/ with the
knees slightly pressed down to obtain maximum leg
extension. (47-50 cm) HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE: It is
measured with a tape measure drawn across the
center of the forehead and the most prominent
8. CHEST CIRCUMFERENCE: It is measured at the level of
nipples and is about 2 cm less than head
circumference. 30-33 cm WEIGHT: Average birth
weight 2.5 -3.5 kg
POSTURE AND MOVEMENTS: # Supine position with
partial flexion of arms, legs and hand commonly
turned a little to one side. Hip joints are partially
abducted. # Movement is most evident in face and
limbs. Unusual movement or lack of movements and
asymmetry should be noted and reported.
9. 1.SKIN a) Colour: # Most term newborns have a
ruddy complexion because of the increased
concentration of red blood cells in the blood vessels
and a decrease in the amount of subcutaneous fat.
This ruddiness fades slightly over the 1st month. .
2.13. # Peripheral cyanosis appear due to immature
peripheral circulation. This is a normal phenomenon
in the first 24 to 48 hour after birth. # Central
cyanosis indicates decreased oxygenation. It may be
the result of temporary respiratory obstruction or an
underlying disease Cyanosis:
3.14. b) VERNIX CASEOSA: It is a white, cream cheese-
like substance that serves as a lubricant, is secreted
by the fetal sebaceous glands and which disappear
within a few days.
4.15. c) LANUGO: is the fine, downy hair that covers a
newborn’s shoulder, back and upper arms. It may be
found also on the forehead and ears. # Pre-term
newborns has more lanugo then post-term.
5.16. DESQUAMTION: Peeling of the skin takes place
few days after birth and most marked on the hands
and feet.
10. 1.e) MILIA: Newborn sebaceous glands are immature,
therefore pinpoint white papule can be found on the
cheek or across the bridge of the nose of newborn. It
disappear by 2 to 4 weeks.
2.18. f) Erythema toxicum: It begin as a papule,
increasing in severity to become erythema by the 2nd
day and then disappearing by the 3rd day.
3.19. Forceps mark: If forceps were used for birth,
there may be circular or linear contusion matching
the rim of the blade of the forceps on the infant’s
cheek. This marks disappear in 1 to 2 days along with
he edema that accompanies it.
11. 1. Skin turgor: If a fold of skin is grasped between the thumb and
fingers, it should feel elastic. When it is released it should fall
back to form a smooth surface. If severe dehydration is present,
the skin will not smooth out again and will remain in an elevated
ridge.
2.21. i) Mongolian spots: • Slate-gray to blue- black lesions
Usually over lumbo sacral area and buttocks Accumulation of
melanocytes within the dermis. Generally fade by age 7 years
3.22. 3. HEAD a) A newborn’s head appears disproportionately
large because it is one fourth of the total length. b) Fontanelles:
The anterior fontanelle will be felt as a soft spot. The posterior
fontanelle is so small that it cannot be palpated readily.
4.23. • Sutures: Suture lines should never appear widely separated
in newborns. Separation denotes increased intracranial pressure
from either abnormal brain formation, abnormal accumulation of
CSF in the cranium (hydrocephalus), or an accumulation of blood
12.
13. 1.. EYES: Newborn’s usually crt tearlessely because of
the lacrimal ducts are not fully mature until about 3
months of age. # Eyes should appear clear without
any redness or purulent discharge. # we should
observe for subconjuctival hemorrhage, opthalmia
neonatorum etc.
2.28. EARS: The level of the top part of the external
ear should be on a line drawn from the inner canthus
to the outer canthus of the eye and back across the
side of head. # Ear Cartilage: Pinna firm, cartilage felt
along with the edge. # Ear Recoil: Instant recoil.
14. 1.6.MOUTH: # Mouth should be observed for cleft lip,
cleft palate and tongue tie. The palate of newborn
should be intact. Occasionally, one or two small
round, glistening, well- circumscribed cysts (EPSTEIN
PEARLS) are present on the palate, a result of the
extra load of calcium that was deposited in utero.
2.30. Sometimes in some newborns one or two natal
teeth may have erupted. NECK: The neck of newborn
is short, often chubby and creased with skin fold.
Head should rotate freely on it.
15. 1.8. CHEST: It looks small because the infant’s head is
large in proportion. # Possible breast engorgement
with possible secretion of thin’ watery fluid popularly
termed witch’s milk.. # Absence of retraction.
2.32. 9. ABDOMEN: # Bowel sounds present within an
hour after birth. # Edge of the liver usually palpable
at 1 to 2 cm below the right costal margin. Edge of
the spleen usually palpable at 1 to 2 cm below the
left costal margin.
3.33. UMBLICAL CORD • It has 2 arteries and 1 veins •
At birth cord appears bluish white and moist • After
clamping , it begin dry and appears a dull yellowish
brown and sheds after 6-10 days
4.34. If presence of 1 artery then it is associated with
V- Vertebral A- anorectal C- cardiac TE-
tracheoesophageal R- renal L- limbic
ABNORMALITIES
16. 1.10.BACK:The spine of newborn typically appears flat
in the lumbar and sacral areas. The base of the spine
should be free of any pinpoint openings, dimpling, or
sinus tracts in the skin, which would suggest a dermal
sinus or SPINA BIFIDA or occulta, Lumbar hair tuft &
haemangioma
2.36. 11. ANOGENITAL AREA # The anus of newborn
must be inspected to be certain that is present,
patent, and not covered by a membrane (imperforate
anus). Male Genitalia: Scrotum is pendulous and both
the testes are present in the scrotum. Males with one
or both undescended testicles (cryptorchidism) needs
further evaluation.
3.37. # Female Genitalia: in female newborns labia
majora fully covers labia minora. Some newborns
have a mucous vaginal secretion, which is sometimes
blood tinged, called pseudomenstruation. This
discharge disappears as soon as the infant’s system
has cleared the hormones.
4.38. . EXTREMITIES: We should observe for
syndactyly or polydactyly.
17. 1.SIMIAN CREASE Unusual curvature of the little
finger and a simian crease (a single palmar crease) are
signs of Down syndrome.
2.40. SOLES • A full term newborn have creases
covering the entire sole of the foot • Post –mature
infants have deep crease over the foot • A premature
infant sole crease mat partially cover the upper two-
third or may be absent
3.41. MECONIUM MECONIUM It is the first fecal
material , is a sticky , odorless material, greenish black
to brownish green which is passed from 8-24 hours
after birth URINE The first urine is diluted because of
immaturity of the kidneys and lack of ability to
concentrate urine.
18. 1.NEONATAL REFLEXES • Also known as
developmental, primary, or primitive reflexes. • They
can provide information about lower motor neurons
and muscle tone. • They are often protective and
disappear as higher level motor functions emerge
2.43. BLINKING OR CORNEAL REFLEX • Infant blinks
at sudden appearance of a bright light or at approach
of an object towards cornea. • It persists throughout
life. PUPILLARY REFLX • Pupil constricts when a bright
light shines toward it. • It persists throughout life
3.44. DOLL’S EYE REFLEX • As head is moved slowly to
right or left , eyes lag behind and do not immediately
adjust to a new position of head • Disappears as
fixation develops. • If persists, indicate neurologic
damage.
4.45. SNEEZING REFLEX Spontaneous response of
nasal passages to irritation or obstruction Persists
throughout life. GLABELLAR REFLEX • Tapping briskly
on glabella (bridge of nose) causes eyes to close
tightly. Disappers as brain matures
19. 1.NEONATAL REFLEXES • Also known as
developmental, primary, or primitive reflexes. • They
can provide information about lower motor neurons
and muscle tone. • They are often protective and
disappear as higher level motor functions emerge
2.43. BLINKING OR CORNEAL REFLEX • Infant blinks
at sudden appearance of a bright light or at approach
of an object towards cornea. • It persists throughout
life. PUPILLARY REFLX • Pupil constricts when a bright
light shines toward it. • It persists throughout life
3.44. DOLL’S EYE REFLEX • As head is moved slowly to
right or left , eyes lag behind and do not immediately
adjust to a new position of head • Disappears as
fixation develops. • If persists, indicate neurologic
damage.
4.45. SNEEZING REFLEX Spontaneous response of
nasal passages to irritation or obstruction Persists
throughout life. GLABELLAR REFLEX • Tapping briskly
on glabella (bridge of nose) causes eyes to close
tightly. Disappers as brain matures
20. 1.MORO’S REFLEX • Onset: 28-32 weeks GA • Well-
established: 37 weeks GA • Disappearance: 6 months
• The examiner holds the infant so that one hand
supports the head and the other supports the
buttocks. The reflex is elicited by the sudden
dropping of the head in her hand. The response is a
series of movements: the infant’s hands open and
there is extension and abduction of the upper
extremities. This is followed by anterior flexion of the
upper extremities and audible cry.
2.54. • MORO’S REFLEX
3.55. MORO’s SIGNIFICANCE • An absent or
inadequate Moro response on one side : hemiplegia,
brachial plexus palsy, or a fractured clavicle •
Persistence beyond 5 months of age is : indicate
severe neurological defects STARTLE REFLEX
4.56. STEPPING(DANCING) REFLEX • Disappearance:
3-4 months • Elicited by touching the top of the
infant’s foot to the edge of a table while the infant is
held upright. The infant makes movements that
resemble stepping.
5.57. BABINSKI REFLEX • Disappearance: 12 months •
Elicited by stimulus applied to the outer edge of the
21. 1.CRAWLING REFLEX • When placed on abdomen,
infant makes crawling movements with arms and legs
• Disappears at about age 6 weeks.
2.59. HARLEQUIN COLOR CHANGE • Color changes as
the infant lies on the side, lower half of the body
becomes pink or red, and upper half is pale • It is
entirely harmless and never been associated with
permanent problem
3.60. TORTICOLLIS (WRY NECK) • Head held to one
side with chin pointing to opposite side due to
positioning in the womb Exercise the neck gently in
opposite direction
4.61. FOOD FOR THE BRAIN