This document summarizes research on cognitive control of behavior through operant conditioning and learned helplessness. It discusses several studies on how reinforcers influence behavior and how habits form through repeated stimulus-response pairings. The research also examines how uncontrollable and controllable experiences can lead to motivational and cognitive deficits linked to depression. While early learned helplessness models helped explain depression, later work identified limitations and a revised attributional model was proposed to address these issues.