This document discusses cognitive and metacognitive strategies for developing listening skills. It provides an overview of cognitive strategies including practicing, receiving/sending messages, analyzing/reasoning, and creating structure for input/output. Metacognitive strategies center learning, arrange/plan learning, and evaluate learning. Specific strategies like summarizing, paying attention, seeking practice opportunities, and self-monitoring are described. The document emphasizes that teaching these strategies is important for developing listening skills and oral communication abilities.

1. METACOGNITIVE ANDCOGNITIVE STRATEGIES - FOR LISTENINGGroup 2 WEBQUESTLEE UNALIŞIL BOYDERVILLA FASTNER

2. Four sets of cognitive strategies existPracticing Receiving and Sending MessagesAnalyzing and ReasoningCreating Structure for Input and Output The first letters of each of these strategy sets combine to form the acronym. PRAC, because......Cognitive Strategies

3. “Cognitive strategies re PRACtical for language learning.”PracticingRepeating

4. Formally Practicing with sounds and writingsystems

5. Recognizing and using formulas and pattern

6. Recombining

7. Practicing naturalisticallyReceiving and Sending MessagesGetting the ideas quickly

8. Using resources for receiving and sending

9. Reasoning deductively

10. Analyzing expressions

11. Analyzing contrastively (across languages)

12. Translating

13. TransferringAnalyzing and ReasoningCreating Structure for Input and OutputTaking Notes

14. Summarizing

15. HighlightingCognitive Strategies. (from Oxford, 1990)

16. Metacognitive StrategiesWhat is metacognitive? Metacognitive means beyond, beside, or with the cognitive. Therefore, metacognitive strategies are actions which go beyond purely cognitive devices, and which provide a way for learners to coordinate their own learning process.