Grounded theory is a systematic qualitative research methodology that uses inductive reasoning to generate new theories about a phenomenon. Rather than starting with a hypothesis, grounded theory involves collecting data through methods like interviews and observations, then coding and analyzing the data to discover concepts and relationships that help explain the process or interaction being studied. The theory is "grounded" in the data. Grounded theory was developed in the 1960s by sociologists Glaser and Strauss and involves open, selective, and theoretical coding to iteratively build theories directly supported by the data. It is useful for exploring new domains and leveraging human tendencies to interpret and theorize.

1. Grounded theory
Prepared by: Rebaz B. Mohamadamin

2. • Definition
• Grounded theory method (GT) is a systematic methodology in the social sciences
involving the discovery of theory through the analysis of data.
• Grounded theory method is a research method which operates almost in a reverse fashion
from traditional social science research. Rather than beginning with a hypothesis, the first
step is data collection, through a variety of methods.
• A grounded theory design is a systematic, qualitative procedure used to generate a theory
that explains, at a broad conceptual level, a process, an action, or an interaction about a
substantive topic (Creswell, 2008).
• ‘‘Grounded Theory is the most common, widely used, and popular analytic technic in
qualitative analysis.
• It is mainly used for qualitative research, but is also applicable to other data.

3. DEFINITION
• “A qualitative research method that uses a systematic set of procedures to develop
an inductively derived grounded theory about a phenomenon”
(Strauss & Corbin ,1998 p24)
“Grounded Theory is the study of a concept! It is not descriptive study of a descriptive
problem”
(Glaser,2010)

4. DEVELOPMENT OF THE GROUNDED THEORY
• Two sociologists, Barney G. Glaser and Anselm L Strauss, developed
grounded theory in the late 1960s.
• Their collaboration in research on dying hospital patients led them to
write the book Awareness of Dying. In this research they developed
the constant comparative method, later known as Grounded Theory
Method.
• Glaser and Strauss developed a pioneering book that expounded in
detail on their grounded theory procedures, The Discovery of
Grounded Theory(1967

5. THE PURPOSE OF GROUNDED THEORY
• The purpose of grounded theory research in education and
management is to develop new concepts and theories of education-
related phenomena, where these concepts and theories are firmly
grounded in qualitative data
• It allows for the emergence of original and rich findings that are
closely tied to the data The purpose of grounded theory

6. HOW TO DATA ANALYSIS
Focus groups Observations
Informal
conversation
Group
analysis

7. HOW TO DO DATA ANALYSIS
• to Do Data Analysis I believe grounded theory draws from literary
analysis, and one can see it here. The advice for building theory
parallels advice for writing a story. Selective coding is about finding
the driver that impels the story forward. (Borgatti)
Coding concepts Categories

8. GROUNDED THEORY IS:
Qualitative research
methodology
Designed to help
social scientist
generate theory
Is not hypothesis or
problem oriented

9. USES OF GROUNDED THEORY
– Explore new domains
-- Leverage human tendency to interpret and theorize
• PRACTICES OF GROUNDED THEORY
• – BEGIN CODING AND THEORIZING WITH THE FIRST DATA
• – CONSTANT COMPARISON WITH DATA AND THEORY
• – ITERATIONS OF CODING AND THEORIZING
STRENGTHS OF GROUNDED THEORY
– Bring data into focus and depth
– Build theory that is descriptive, abstract, and powerful

10. HOW DO YOU DO GROUNDED THEORY
• 1. Identify your substantive area
• 2. Collect data
• 3. Open code
• 4. Write memos throughout the entire process
• 5. Conduct selective coding and theoretical sampling
• 6. Sort your memos and find the theoretical code
• 7. Read the literature
• 8. Write up your theory

11. ADVANTAGES
• It has intuitive appeal for researchers, since it allows them to become
immersed in the data
• Researchers have to analyze data early
• It encourages systematic and detailed analyze of the data
• Researchers need ample evidence to back up their claims
• Constant interplay between data collection and analysis
• Useful for describing repeated processes

12. DISADVANTAGES
• First time researchers can get Overwhelmed at the coding level
• Open coding takes a long time
• It can be difficult to 'scale up’ to larger concepts or themes
• Because it is a detailed method it can be difficult to see the bigger
picture

13. CONCLUSION
• To sum up, Grounded Theory is recommended to use in any research
as it provides several advantages that may ease the process of having
the data/findings.
• Despite that, Grounded Theory helps researchers analyzing the data
early and it encourages detailed analysis of the data.
• Grounded theory provides researchers an ample evidence to back
up their claims.
• Furthermore, Grounded Theory encourages a constant interplay
between data collection and analysis.

14. THANK
YOU
REBAZ.AMEEN86@GMAIL.COM