Open Educational Ressources (OER), Symposium Network 6, ECER 2013

12/Sep/2013 | Faculty of Human Sciences | General Education & Media Education | Prof. Dr. Petra Grell | 1
Prof. Dr. Petra Grell
Open Educational Resources
– And Their Impact On Higher Education
Network 6, 06 SES 10
Free and Open Learning: From its Merits to Practices

OER and their impact …
„The potential for open educational resources
(OER) to transform the global educational
landscape is immense.
OER have emerged as one of the most powerful
resources to transverse the global education
landscape (along with the World Wide Web and
the Internet) in the past century.“
(Olcott 2012, p. 283)
Don Olcott Jr. (2012) OER perspectives: emerging issues for universities, Distance Education, 33:2, 283-290, DOI:
10.1080/01587919.2012.700561; OER Global Logo CC by Jonathas Mello

OER activities – OECD Country
Questionnaire
„Thus, only one country out of 28 does
not expect OER issues to be a policy
priority in the near future.“
(Hylén et al. 2012, p. 9)
Hylén, J. et al. (2012), “Open Educational Resources: Analysis of Responses to the OECD Country Questionnaire”, OECD Education Working
Papers, No. 76, OECD Publishing. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k990rjhvtlv-en

OER activities – OECD Country
Questionnaire
„Germany has raised a number of
fundamental objections to the idea of OER.“
„Germany was the only country who responded
that the OER issue is not expected to become
a policy priority in the near future.
(Hylén et al. 2012, p. 7 & p.9)

OER – Opportunities (OECD Country
Questionnaire 2012)
„There are technological, economic, social, and
legal drivers behind the expansion of the OER
movement. (...) But, most importantly, there is
a strong sense in different parts of the
educational community that OER offers a
major opportunity to promote the notion
of sharing knowledge as a public good.“
(Hylén et al. 2012, p. 18)

OER Benefits – OECD Country Questionnaire 2012
•  Open and flexible learning opportunities
•  Increased efficiency and quality of learning resources
•  Cost-efficiency of OER
•  The innovative potential of OER
•  Systemic transformative capacity
(Hylén et al. 2012, p. 18f.)

1.  Promises
2.  Practices
3.  Challenges
4.  Perspectives

Debate on OER – “Sorry, you do not
have access to this article.“

„Authors are responsible for making or arranging the
payment themselves but they can rely on institutions and
funders who take on the fees in various ways: ...“
http://www.springer.com/open+access/open+access+funding?SGWID=0-1759613-0-0-0

Search Results
Search Everything:
“OER” AND “higher education”
>> 593 Results
Publication Date:
From: Jan/2012 To: Dez/2013
>> 44 Results

Uptake and reuse in formal contexts
„However, despite the rhetoric about new
social and participatory media generally and
OER specifically, the reality is that their
uptake and reuse in formal educational
contexts has been disappointing. “
(Conole 2012, p. 131)
Gráinne Conole (2012) Fostering social inclusion through open educational resources (OER), Distance Education, 33:2, 131-134,
DOI: 10.1080/01587919.2012.700563

„Furthermore, the ever increasing
technologically rich learning environment in
which today’s learners and teachers are
immersed is raising issues in terms of social
exclusion; the technological divide might be
narrower but it is deeper – those not
connected or not using these new
technologies are being left behind at an
alarming rate.“ (Conole 2012, p. 131)
Gráinne Conole (2012) Fostering social inclusion through open educational resources (OER), Distance Education, 33:2, 131-134,
DOI: 10.1080/01587919.2012.700563

„Germany has raised a number of fundamental
objections to the idea of OER. They question
whether a lack of digital content prevents
learning, particularly in the case of people
with low qualifications, and whether well-
educated people will benefit the most from
OER.“
(Hylén et al. 2012, p. 7)

The Well-known Gap
„As with participation in adult learning more
generally, educational Internet use was
structured by age, occupational class and
educational engagement.”
(Patrick White & Neil Selwyn 2012)
Patrick White & Neil Selwyn (2012) Learning online? Educational Internet use and participation in adult learning, 2002 to
2010, Educational Review, 64:4, 451-469

Massive Open Online Course (MOOC)
https://moocfellowship.org
„Nothing has more potential to lift
more people out of poverty (...).
Nothing has more potential to
unlock a billion more brains to
solve the world’s biggest
problems. And nothing has more
potential to enable us to reimagine
higher education than the massive
open online course, or MOOC,
platforms“ (Thomas Friedman, Ney York
Times, Jan 26, 2013)

OpenLearnWare – TU Darmstadt

Lecture2Go – University of Hamburg
http://lecture2go.uni-hamburg.de/veranstaltungen/-/v/15206

Creating OER – Collaboration of 250 people
Martin Ebner & Schön Sandra (2013, Hrsg.).
Lehrbuch für Lernen und Lehren mit Technologien.
2. Aufl. Berlin: epubli
URL:http://l3t.eu.
http://l3t.eu/homepage/das-buch/ebook-2013

Creating OER – Collaboration of 250 people
Martin Ebner & Schön Sandra (2013, Hrsg.).
Lehrbuch für Lernen und Lehren mit Technologien.
Berlin: epubli
URL:http://l3t.eu.
Reviewer – Reader/Editor – Illustrator –
Art Editor – Co-Worker – Supporter
Authors

TU Graz (Austria)
http://oer.tugraz.at/index.php/Hauptseite

Schoolbook
http://www.schulbuch-o-mat.de

Society for Media in Science (GMW)
(German speaking countries: Austria - Germany – Switzerland)
2010 – GMW signs Cape Town Open Education Declaration
2008 – GMW signs Berlin Declaration on Open Access to
Knowledge in the Sciences and Humanities
Publishing hybrid: Books are sold, Online (pdf) open/gratis

Critiques
„The critiques outlined in this paper are motivated
by a concern for the ways in which learners are
being framed by the promotion of OER.“
(Knox 2013, p. 2)
Knox, J. (2013) : Five critiques of the open educational
resources movement, In: Teaching in Higher Education, DOI: 10.1080/13562517.2013.774354

Knox’s Critiques on OER
1.  An under-theorisation of the notions of
‘openness’ and ‘freedom’
2.  The rejection and privileging of institutional
structure
3.  No place for pedagogy
4.  Assumptions of autonomy and self-direction
5.  Alignment with the needs of capital (theoretical
framework: Foucault’s governmetality)
Knox, J. (2013) : Five critiques of the open educational
resources movement, In: Teaching in Higher Education, DOI: 10.1080/13562517.2013.774354

So many perspectives …
The didactic and instructional questions of OER
in the field of Higher Education, based on a
growing amount of accessible academic
perspectives and instructional material, tend to
be neglected.
Fotos at the Chinese pavillion
at 70th Biennale Venice 2013
Copyright by the artist

Thank you!
p.grell@apaed.tu-darmstadt.de

Open Educational Ressources (OER), Symposium Network 6, ECER 2013

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