Effective graphic design relies on established design principles that ensure success and coherence. Key principles include balance, which maintains stability; rhythm and unity, which create organization and a sense of wholeness; and emphasis, proportion, and scale, which attract attention and enhance visual appeal. When applied correctly, these principles contribute to dynamic and impactful designs.

1. Graphic Design Principles
Despite their apparent simplicity, effective graphic design is not created randomly or by
chance. Outstanding graphic design follows design principles that aid in their success.
These principles are conceptual ideas that assist graphic designers in the creation of great
designs.
A few of the basic design rules: Balance, Rhythm and Unity
One of the most important principles or design rules that graphic
designers follow is balance. Balance is what gives a design stability
and equilibrium. It distributes visual “weight” throughout space
making the design seem fluid rather than lopsided or heavy. The image
to the right is an example of symmetrical balance.
This is an example of asymmetrical balance. It is not perfectly
balanced at all. Asymmetrical balance can create tention, movement,
and a different atmosphere by throwing out the balance scale. If used
effectively, this can be a great way to draw attention to a design.
Rhythm and unity are the design principles that bring everything
together. By repetitions of a visual image rhythm imparts a sense of
organization that brings a graphic together. The design principle of
unity dictates that everything on the page is visually joined to
something else thus giving the work a feeling of wholeness or
“oneness”.
Scale, Proportion, Emphasis, Variety
To maximize the relationship between design elements proportion and scale are
typically used. Scale controls object size while proportion manages size ratio. Both make
sure everything is well balanced and ensure a smooth and eye-catching design.

2. Emphasis is the design principle that makes sure attention is drawn to
the most important part of a design. This can be seen in the design to
the left. This design uses scale and proportion to draw your attention
to the main focal point.
Variety on the other hand can be used to harmonize the effect of
emphasis by spreading interest throughout the design keeping it lively
and interesting.
Graphic design principles, used correctly in a balanced way, are the keys to an effective
and elegant design that can successfully deliver its message in a dynamic way.
Sources: msu.edu, desktoppub.about.com, math.duke.com, wikipedia.com