The document discusses the Grammar Translation Method (GTM) in language education, tracing its historical development and outlining its objectives, techniques, and role of teachers and students. While GTM emphasizes reading comprehension and translation, it has been criticized for encouraging passive learning and minimizing speaking practice. The document also touches on innovations and reforms in language teaching that stress the importance of oral proficiency and meaningful communication.

1. Grammar Translation
Method
 PRESENTED BY :
MOUHCINE AYMAN
NADA RAISS
MOHAMED IDELSI
The superior school of education and training –
Agadir - Morocco

2. 33
1
2
4
Innovation
Advantages and
disadvantages
HISTORY
TECHNIQUES
OUTLINE

3. 1- HISTORY
. Pre 16th century: Latin Grammar
. 16th and 17th century : Early proposals for
curriculum reform
. 18th century : Modern languages began to enter
the curriculum of European schools
. 19th century: Grammar-translation method (1840s
to 1940s)

4. GRAMMAR TRANSLATION
METHOD
It is defined by one of its critics as “To
know everything about something
rather than the thing itself” . Kelly,
1969

5. 1-1 OBJECTIVES
… The goal is to learn a language in order to read its literature.
…. “The first language is maintained as the reference system in
the acquisition of the second language” Stem 1983
…. Accuracy is emphasized

6. TECHNIQUES

7. READING
COMPREHENSION
. READING A LITERARY TEXT
. TRANSLATION
. DIRECT QUESTIONS
. INFERENCE QUESTIONS

8. VOCABULARY
---TRANSLATION
---SYNONYMS, ANTONYMS
---MEMORIZATION

9. GRAMMAR
-DEDUCTIVE APPLICATION OF RULES
-EXAMPLES FROM THE PASSAGE
- FILL-IN THE BLANK
-USE WORDS IN SENTENCES
-MEMORIZATION

10. WRITING
-WRITING ABOUT A TOPIC IN THE TARGET
LANGUAGE
-WRITING A SUMMARY OF THE READING PASSAGE
-PUTTING IN ORDER SOME SENTENCES

11. TEACHER’S ROLE
-The authority in classroom
explaining, translating and
correcting mistakes.
-Teacher talking time is
maximized.

12. STUDENTS’ ROLE
-Passive learners
-They should be good translators

13. INTERACTION
-LITTLE TEACHER-STUDENT
INTERACTION
-LITTLE STUDENT-STUDENT
INTERACTION

14. ERROR
-ERRORS ARE NOT
TOLERATED AND SHOULD BE
CORRECTED IMMEDIATELY.

15. ADVANTAGES
time management.
One Easy step for the teacher is to translate.
All learning styles
speaking in the mother language.
Easy start point for beginners.

16. DISADVANTAGES
Students don’t express and the teacher
owns the stage.
GRAMMAR GRAMMAR GRAMMAR !!!
Less Speaking in the target language
laziness and less critical thinking.
Story telling method!!!

17. INNOVATION
Increased opportunities for
communication among
Europeans created a demand for
oral proficiency in foreign
languages.

18. THE REFORM MOVEMENT:
.Reformers emphasized the importance
of speech (IPA)
.Meaningful contexts
.Grammar is taught inductively
.Translation is avoided
.These principles provided the
theoretical foundation for the direct
method.