This document provides a grammar review covering various parts of speech including adjectives, articles, adverbs, possessive nouns, relative pronouns, prepositions, and commas. It discusses the definitions and examples of each. It also includes exercises to identify grammatical errors and improve paragraphs. The exercises cover topics such as identifying the topic sentence, correcting pronouns, verbs, and prepositions.

1. Grammar Review
Part 2
For
Second Term Exam

2. Adjectives and Articles:
**An adjective is a word that describe a
noun or pronoun.
**Many adjectives answer the question:
-What kind? -How many?
-Which one?
Ex.
1- She is wearing a black leather shoes.
2- There are few oranges left.
3-The plates and glasses are in this
cupboard.

3. **Articles are special kinds of
adjectives they are:
1- A for singular nouns
2- An for singular nouns
3-The for singular and plural
nouns.
Ex.
-I have a big swing in my backyard.
-My mother is an amazing cook.
-The apple I ate yesterday was
delicious.

4. Adverbs:
**Adverbs are used to modify verbs. They
tell us when, where, how an action is
performed.
**Adverbs can appear before or after the
verb.
Ex.
When: He ran yesterday very fast.
Where: He ran here around the house.
How: He ran quickly.

5. Many adverbs end in -ly
are used to express how
an action is performed.

6. Comparative and
Superlative
Adjectives vs.
Comparative and
Superlative Adverbs:

7. Comp.
Adjective
Sup.
Adjective
Comp.
Adverbs
Sup. Adverbs
Compare
s:
2 people,
places,
things or
groups.
3 or more
people,
places,
things or
groups.
Compares
2 actions.
Compares 3 or
more actions.
Form:
(a)
Short adj. :
Add
–er Add -est
Add -er Add -est
(b) Longer Adj.
:
Add
more
Add most
Use more
with adv.
ends in -ly
Use most with
most adv. that
end in -ly
Ex. Taller-
smarter-
happier-
bigger-
better-
worse...
Heaviest-
newest-
greatest…
Later, faster,
harder,
deeper,
better, longer
…….
Coldest ,
earliest,
luckiest,
loudest ,
longest…….
Ex. More
beautiful-
Most
exciting-
More quietly,
more slowly,
most quickly,
most brightly,

9. Whose Used to show
possession
things

10. Relative Adverbs:
Relative
Adverb
Meaning Example
When refer to times
and dates
The day when I
travelled to Hawaii was
the best day of my life.
Where refer to
places
I know the house
where he lives.

12. 1 2 3
Noun
Pronoun

13. Shows how the object of the preposition
is related to other words in the sentence.
Can be used to tell how, where, when, or which
one.
Is related to other words in the sentence.
Example:
-I am having a party at my house this
weekend.
-The cat is under the table.

14. Commas:
**When to use Commas:
1- to separate words in a series of three
or more items.
2- to set off the name or title of a person
directly addressed.
3-to separate the day and the month
from the year. ( also before the year)
4-to separate a city from its state.
5-after introductory words and phrases.

15. Examples:
1- We went to the mall and bought a
new pair of shoes, a bag, and a dress.
2- Tom, where have you been?
3- I was born on September 10, 1980
4-No, I don’t want to go out today!
5-David Beckham lives in London,
England.
6-Thursday, June 4 is the last day of
school.
7-Would you do me a favor? Of course,
anything!

16. General Exercises:
Section 1: Identifying Errors:
1-She bring some chocolate to the party. No
error
A B C D
2-I will choose steak for dinner yesterday. No
error
A B C D
3- I like reading detective stories. No
error
A B C D
4- She submit her homework tomorrow. No
error
A B C D

17. 6- What the weather are be like tomorrow? No
error
A B C D
7-Is that your bike? No, she is at home. No
error
A B C D
8-I did my homework. Did you do yours ? No error
A B C D
9-In most countries people drive up the right side.
N. E
A B C D
10- This book is for Peter. Give it to his . No error

18. Section 2: Improving Paragraphs:
The legend of the mermaid
(1)______________. (2)They are the beautiful half-
human, half-fish creatures_____ live in the sea. (3)Them have the
head and torso of a human and the tail of a fish. (4)We also know
that mermaids only exist in fairy tales. (5)But where did all the
stories about these creatures come from? (6)If you have ever seen
a manatee, then you might have a idea.
(7)Manatees, who are also called sea cows, are mammals
that live in the ocean.(8) Since they are mammals, they have to
swim up to the surface to breathe air.(9) Many people believe that
the legend of the mermaid beginning with sailors who witnessed
the manatees popping their heads out of the water to breathe.
(10)Because manatees are upright when they does this, it can look
like they are standing. (11)If a sailor saw a manatee doing this from
far away across the ocean, it is possible that the sailor would
mistake the manatee for a creature that is half-human, half-fish.
(12)Mermaids are described as having long flowing hair. (13)This
is probably because manatees like to swim up to the surface of the
water in areas where there is seaweed. (14)The seaweed
surrounding the manatee’s head when they eat could give the
impression of long hair.

19. 11- Which of the following can fill the space in sentence (1)
as the topic sentence of the paragraph?
A. Mermaids are scary creatures.
B. We all know that mermaids are man eaters.
C. We have all heard about mermaids.
D. Mermaids are humans.
12- What is the best answer to fill the blank in sentence (2):
A- where
B- what
C- whose
D- that
13- What change , if any, should be made in sentence 3?
A- Change them to they
B- Change have to has
C- Change and to but
D- Make no change.

20. 14- What changes ,if any, should be made in sentence (6)?
A- Change a to an
B- Change ever to never
C- Then to than
D. Make no change
15-Which is the best revision in the underlined part of
sentence 7?
A- Correct as it is.
B- Manatees, where are also called sea cows,
C- Manatees, which are also called sea cows,
D- manatees, who are also called sea cows,
16-What changes, if any, should be made in sentence (9) ?
A- Change many to much
B- Change beginning to began
C- Change their to them

21. 17- What is the best revision for sentence (10) ?
A-Correct as it is.
B- Because manatees are upright when they didn’t this,
C-Because manatees are upright when they do this,
D-Because manatees are upright when they don’t this,

22. Answer Key
1- A (brought)
2- A (choose)
3- D ( No error)
4- A (will submit)
5- B (going)
6- B (will)
7- C (it)
8- D (No error)
9- C (in)
10- C (him)

23. 11- C
12- D
13- A
14- A
15- C
16- B
17- C