Grammar: vox activa, vox passiva. Latin Phrases (miscellaneous): etc., ca., i.e., e.g., p.s., via, verbatim, et al., agenda, per se.

2. #2
a

3. #2
a

4. #2
a

5. #2
a

6. #2
b

7. #2
b

8. #2
b

9. #2
b

10. Some Latin
Words & Phrases
Used As English

11. Et cetera
(etc. / &c.)

12. Et cetera
(etc. / &c.)
“And the other things.”
“And the rest (of them).”

13. Circa
(ca. / c.)

14. Circa
(ca. / c.)
“Around.”

15. Id est.
(i.e.)

16. Id est.
(i.e.)
“That is.”
(Lit., “It is.”)

17. Exempli Gratia
(e.g.)

18. Exempli Gratia
(e.g.)
“For (the sake of) example.”

19. Post Scriptum
(P.S.)

20. Post Scriptum
(P.S.)
“After the Writing.”

21. Via

22. Via
“By way of.”

23. Verbatim

24. Verbatim
“Word for Word.”

25. Et Alii
(et al.)

26. Et Alii
(et al.)
“And the other people.”

27. Agenda

28. Agenda
“Things to Be Done.”

29. Per Se

30. Per Se
“By Itself.”
“By himself/herself/themselves.”

32. Agent

33. Agent
The doer (of a verb).

34. Agent
The doer (of a verb).
I love my wife.
My wife is loved by me.

35. Direct Object

36. Direct Object
Object directly receiving
the action of a verb.

37. Direct Object
Object directly receiving
the action of a verb.
I love her.
I give the roses away.

38. Indirect Object

39. Indirect Object
Object affected by the verb indirectly.

40. Indirect Object
Object affected by the verb indirectly.
I give her the roses.
She tells me a secret.

41. Nominative Case

42. Nominative Case
Set of forms for making a subject.

43. Nominative Case
Set of forms for making a subject.
1. I we
2. thou [ye/you]
3. he/she they

44. Genitive Case

45. Genitive Case
Set of forms for showing belonging.

46. Genitive Case
Set of forms for showing belonging.
1. my/mine our(s)
2. thy/thine your(s)
3. his/her(s)/its their(s)

47. Objective Case

48. Objective Case
Set of forms for making an object.
(Direct Object, Indirect Object, or Object of a Preposition)

49. Objective Case
Set of forms for making an object.
(Direct Object, Indirect Object, or Object of a Preposition)
1: me us
2: thee [you]
3: him/her them

50. Active Voice

51. Active Voice
When the agent is the subject.

52. Active Voice
When the agent is the subject.
I love her.

53. Passive Voice

54. Passive Voice
When the direct object is the subject.

55. Passive Voice
When the direct object is the subject.
She is loved by me.

115. The Passive Voice...
...is much beloved of politicians. Why?

116. Well, which of these
do you have to use
in the active voice,
that you don’t necessarily
have to have in the passive?
—Agent
—Direct Object

117. Well, which of these
do you have to use
in the active voice,
that you don’t necessarily
have to have in the passive?
—Agent
—Direct Object
Consider the following...

139. This trick
of leaving out
the agent
hasn’t gone
entirely unnoticed.

140. This trick
of leaving out
the agent
hasn’t gone
entirely unnoticed.
In other (active) words:
Some people
do in fact
notice this trick.

141. Keep an ear
out for it
next time
you hear a
politician
or bureaucrat
addressing
a scandal.

142. Keep an ear
out for it
next time
you hear a
politician
or bureaucrat
addressing
a scandal.
Ask yourself
who the agent
of the passive
verb is.