This document discusses different aspects of grading systems, including: - Sample student grades and units from various subjects. The average grade for this student is 88. - The roles of grading in evaluation, communication, motivation, and organization of student work. - Two conflicting roles for teachers as coaches and judges. - Two types of grading systems - norm referenced and criterion referenced. - Examples of grading scales from two schools, SDCA and CVSU. - Four key questions around grading, such as whether grades should reflect achievement only or include other factors. - An overview of standardized test scoring and the two main grading systems used in the Philippines.

1. Grading
System

2. Subjects
Grades
Units
Mathematics
89
3
English
90
3
Science
88
3
Filipino
91
3
Principles of Teaching
86
3
Biology
85
3
Physical Education
82
2
Rizal
89
3
*Grades are in Percentage Form.
*23 UNITS

3. Process:
• Multiply the Grades to the Number of
Units.
• Get the average of Grades and the
number of units
• Divide its average to the total units (23)

4. =87.74 or 88

5. Decision Making- perhaps the most critical
teaching skills
* The key to being a good teacher lies in the
decisions that the teachers make.

6. Roles of Grading
1. Evaluation – the grade claims to be
valid, fair and trustworthy judgment about
the quality of the students work
2. Communication – the grade
communicates the teachers judgment of
the students work
3. Motivation- because it affects the time
and effort students spend, grading is a
powerful part of the motivational structure
of a course

7. 4. Organization – a grade helps mark
transitions, bring closure and focus efforts
for both teachers and students
Teachers need to :
• Establish clear and thoughtful criteria and
standards to students work
• Exercise professional judgment

8. Two Conflicting roles of teaching
• Coaches
• Judges
* Teachers themselves are often judged by
the grades they give

9. Two types of Grading
 Norm Referenced Grading or Reflect
Relative Performance - compare an
examinee’s performance to that of other
examinees.
Criterion Referenced Grading or Reflect
Absolute Performance - each
examinee’s performance is compared to a
pre-defined set of criteria or a standard.

10. Grading System from SDCA
Grade
%Equivalent
1.00……….. 98-100
1.25……….. 95-97
1.50……….. 92-94
1.75……….. 89-91
2.00……….. 86-88
2.25……….. 83-85
2.50……….. 80-82
2.75……….. 77-79
3.00……….. 75-76
5.00……….. Below 75
Interpretation
Excellent
Superior
Very Good
Good
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Average
Fair
Passed
Failed

11. Grading System From CVSU
Grade
1.00………..
1.25………..
1.50………..
1.75………..
2.00………..
2.25………..
2.50………..
2.75………..
3.00………..
5.00………..
%Equivalent
95
93
90
89
85
83
80
78
75
FAILED
Interpretation
Excellent
Superior
Very Good
Good
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Average
Fair
Passed
Failed

12. Grading System from SDCA
Grade
%Equivalent
1.00……….. 98-100
1.25……….. 95-97
1.50……….. 92-94
1.75……….. 89-91
2.00……….. 86-88
2.25……….. 83-85
2.50……….. 80-82
2.75……….. 77-79
3.00……….. 75-76
5.00……..Below 75
Interpretation
Excellent
Superior
Very Good
Good
Very Satisfactory
Satisfactory
Average
Fair
Passed
Failed
Grading System From CVSU
Grade
1.00………..
1.25………..
1.50………..
1.75………..
2.00………..
2.25………..
2.50………..
2.75………..
3.00………..
%Equivalent
95
93
90
89
85
83
80
78
75
Interpretation
Excellent
Very Good
Good
Satisfactory
Passing Grade

13. Four Questions in Grading
1.
2.
3.
4.
(Corresponds to the Opinion of Ms. Svinicki)
Should grades reflect absolute achievement level or
achievement relative to others in the same class ?
Should grades reflect achievement only or non
academic components such as attitude, speed, and
diligence?
Should grade report status achieved or amount of
growth?
How can several grades on diverse skills combine to
give a single mark?

14. Standardized Test Scoring
Is a process by which a teacher or
researcher made tests are validated and
item analyzed

15. Two Types of Grading System
Used in the Philippines
1) Cumulative Grading System – the grade
of a student in a grading period equals his
current grading period grade equals his
current grading period grade which is
assumed to have the cumulative effects
of the previous grading periods

16. 2) Averaging Grading System- the grade of
the student in a particular grading period
equals the average of the grades obtained
in the prior grading periods and the
current grading period.