Grade 9 Science - Consolidated Curriculum - 2021.pdf

CONSOLIDATED CURRICULUM
SCIENCE
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
NATIONAL CENTRE FOR EDUCATIONAL RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
3 Battery Road Kingston, Georgetown Guyana, South America | Tel: (592) 225 - 6723
GRADE 9
1
H
Hydro-
gen
1.008
2
He
Helium
4.002602
3
Li
Lith-ium
6.94
4
Be
Beryl-lium
9.0121831
10
Ne
Neon
20.1797
5
B
Boron
10.81
6
C
Carbon
12.011
7
N
Nitro-
gen
14.007
8
O
Oxy-
gen
15.999
9
F
Fluor-ine
18.998403163
11
Na
So-dium
22.98976928
12
Mg
Magne-sium
24.305
18
Ar
Argon
39.948
13
Al
Alumin-ium
26.9815385
14
Si
Sili-
con
28.085
15
P
Phos-phorus
30.973761998
16
S
Sulfur
32.06
17
Cl
Chlor-ine
35.45
19
K
Potas-sium
39.0983
20
Ca
Cal-cium
40.078
36
Kr
Kryp-
ton
83.798
21
Sc
Scan-dium
44.955908
22
Ti
Tita-nium
47.867
23
V
Vana-dium
50.9415
24
Cr
Chrom-ium
51.9961
25
Mn
Manga-nese
54.938044
26
Fe
Iron
55.845
27
Co
Cobalt
58.933194
28
Ni
Nickel
58.6934
29
Cu
Copper
63.546
30
Zn
Zinc
65.38
31
Ga
Gallium
69.723
32
Ge
Germa-nium
72.630
33
As
Arsenic
74.921595
34
Se
Sele-nium
78.971
35
Br
Bromine
79.904
37
Rb
Rubid-ium
85.4678
38
Sr
87.62
54
Xe
Xenon
131.293
39
Y
88.90584
40
Zr
Zirco-nium
91.224
41
Nb
Nio-bium
92.90637
42
Mo
Molyb-denum
95.95
43
Tc
98
44
Ru
Ruthe-nium
101.07
45
Rh
Rho-dium
102.90550
46
Pd
Pallad-ium
106.42
47
Ag
Silver
107.8682
48
Cd
Cad-mium
112.414
49
In
Indium
114.818
50
Sn
Tin
118.710
51
Sb
121.760
52
Te
Tellur-ium
127.60
53
I
Iodine
126.90447
55
Cs
Cae-sium
132.90545196
56
Ba
Barium
137.327
86
Rn
Radon
222
57
71
72
Hf
Haf-nium
178.49
73
Ta
Tanta-lum
180.94788
74
W
Tung-
sten
183.84
75
Re
Rhe-nium
186.207
76
Os
Os-mium
190.23
77
Ir
Iridium
192.217
78
Pt
195.084
79
Au
Gold
196.966569
80
Hg
Mer-
cury
200.592
81
Tl
Thallium
204.38
82
Pb
Lead
207.2
83
Bi
Bis-muth
208.98040
84
Po
Polo-nium
209
85
At
210
87
Fr
Fran-cium
223
88
Ra
Ra-dium
226
118
Uuo
294
104
Rf
Ruther-
fordium
267
105
Db
Dub-nium
268
106
Sg
Sea-bo
rgium
269
107
Bh
Bohr-ium
270
108
Hs
Has-sium
269
109
Mt
Meit-nerium
278
110
Ds
281
111
Rg
Roent-
genium
281
112
Cn
Coper-nicium
285
113
Uut
Unun-
trium
286
114
Fl
Flerov-ium
289
115
Uup
289
116
Lv
Liver-morium
293
117
Uus
294
57
La
Lan-
thanum
138.90547
58
Ce
Cerium
140.116
59
Pr
Praseo-dymium
140.90766
60
Nd
Neo-dymium
144.242
61
Pm
Prome-
thium
145
62
Sm
Sama-rium
150.36
63
Eu
Europ-ium
151.964
64
Gd
Gadolin-ium
157.25
65
Tb
Ter-bium
158.92535
66
Dy
Dyspro-sium
162.500
67
Ho
Hol-mium
164.93033
68
Er
Erbium
167.259
69
Tm
Thulium
168.93422
70
Yb
173.054
71
Lu
174.9668
89
Ac
227
90
Th
Thor-ium
232.0377
91
Pa
231.03588
92
U
Ura-nium
238.02891
93
Np
Neptu-nium
237
94
Pu
Pluto-nium
244
95
Am
Ameri-cium
243
96
Cm
Curium
247
97
Bk
Berkel-ium
247
98
Cf
Califor-nium
251
99
Es
Einstei-nium
252
100
Fm
Fer-mium
257
101
Md
Mende-l
evium
258
102
No
Nobel-ium
259
103
Lr
Lawren-cium
266
89
103
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
H
Hydro-
gen
1.008
Atomic
Mass
Name
Symbol
Atomic
Number
Lanthanide
Series
Alkali Metal
Alkaline Earth
Basic Metal
Semimetal
Nonmetal
Halogen
Noble Gas
Lanthanide

Grade 9 Integrated Science Consolidated Curriculum
1 | P a g e
Week
TOPIC GENERAL
OBJECTIVE
CONTENT ACTIVITIES RESOURCES EVALUATION
STRATEGIES
1 Life:
The microscope
Demonstrate
ability to use the
microscope and
recognize the need
for taking care of
the microscope
The microscope and its purpose
The purpose of each part of the
microscope
Practical
- using the microscope
Label parts of the microscope
from a diagram
Microscope
Diagram of a microscope
Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Unit 1
Worksheet Grade 8 Integrated Science
Week 1, Lesson 1 found at
https://education.gov.gy/web2/index
.php/secondary-resources/grade-8-
1/grade8-worksheets/grade-8-
worksheets-integrated-
science?limit=20&limitstart=40
Grading of practical
Grading of diagram
Quiz
2 Life:
Cells – building
blocks of life
Appreciate that
plant and animal
cells are living
units
Parts of animal and plant cells
Similarities and differences between
plants and animals cells
Function(s) of the nucleus, cell wall,
cytoplasm, mitochondrion, vacuole, cell
membrane, chloroplast
Types of plant tissues
The importance of cell organelles to their
functions in the plant and/or animal cell
Practical
- viewing cells under
microscope and drawing of
same
Viewing of DVD on the
function(s) of the organelles
Microscope, onion, cheek cells
DVD, Projector
Week 1, Lesson 2 found at
Grading of lab report
Grading of worksheets
3 Our
Environment:
Feeding
relationships in
the ecosystem
Appreciate the
interdependence
of organisms in a
community
Definition and types of habitats,
communities, population
Adaptation of organisms to their
communities
The population of various types of
vegetation can be identified using the
quadrat (calculates the percentage
Field trip
Calculation of percentage
population
Discussion
Quadrats
Calculators
Worksheets
Portfolio
Quiz

2 | P a g e
population)
Characteristics of Terrestrial and
Aquatic communities
4 Our
Environment:
Feeding
Relationships in
Ecosystem
Show curiosity
about feeding
relationships in an
ecosystem
Know the meaning of food chain, food
web, producers, consumers, ecosystem,
carnivore, herbivore, omnivore,
producers, prey, predator, decomposers
Know how food chains and food webs
are related or linked
Know how energy is transferred in a
food chain or web
Feeding relationships and energy
transfer in ecosystems
The names of the three trophic levels
Classify organisms according to its
trophic level
Discussion
Make posters of a food web and
a food chain
Construct a food web and
explain how the energy is
transformed through a food web
Name an organism and identify
its trophic level
Internet
Materials for making posters
Worksheets such as Week 10, Lesson
1, or week 8 lesson 2 found at:
worksheets-integrated-science
Grading of Posters
Quiz
5 Nutrition in
Plants:
Photosynthesis
Demonstrate
awareness of the
process of
manufacture of
food by plants
Definition of photosynthesis
Word and chemical formula of
photosynthesis
Importance of light, carbon dioxide and
chlorophyll to the photosynthetic
process
Uses of the products of photosynthesis
Discussion
Practical
testing for the conditions
necessary for photosynthesis
Materials for practical: To test a leaf
for starch and To investigate the effect
of light on photosynthesis
Chart on process of photosynthesis
Samples of soil containing organisms
Worksheets such as Week 4, Lesson 2
found at
Science in Daily life Book 3, Chapter 4
Portfolio
Grading of lab reports

3 | P a g e
Nutrition in
Plants: Food
Storage in Plants
Demonstrate an
understanding of
the storage organs,
their locations on
plants, and the
type of food stored
The categories of plant storage organs,
namely roots, stems and leaves.
Understand how the plant adapts its
organs for food storage.
The names and classes of food present in
storage organs
Discussion
Draw and label
Diagram the storage organs in a plant
Grading charts and
diagrams
6 Nutrition in
Animals:
Nourishment
Demonstrate a
curiosity about and
be able to name
the six food
groups, their
sources and the
functions of their
main nutrients
Demonstrate an
understanding of
the causes and
symptoms as well
as the methods of
prevention of
Beriberi and
kwashiorkor
Classification of food according to the six
food groups and six food nutrients
Balanced diet
Food tests – for protein, starch, fats/oils,
glucose
Deficiency diseases – causes, symptoms,
and methods of prevention
Viewing of DVD
Practical
– food test
DVD, projector
Materials for test for starch, protein
and fats
Quiz
7 Nutrition in
Animals:
Enzymes
Show an interest in
the topic Enzymes
in the digestion
process
Understand that
enzymes differ
from catalysts
Definition of enzyme and catalyst
Conditions necessary for enzyme activity
Practical
– effect of amylase on starch
- effect of ph of enzyme
- effect of temperature on
enzyme
Discussion
Materials for practical: cooked rice,
salivary amylase, iodine solution
Oral questions

4 | P a g e
8 Nutrition in
Animals:
Mammalian
Dentition
Our digestive
system
Appreciate the
importance of each
type of teeth
Show the
functioning of the
human digestive
system
Types of teeth – physical properties,
number, function
The main structures of a tooth as it
relates to its functions
Dental formula for names carnivores and
herbivores
State reasons for the differences
between herbivore and carnivore
dentitions
Care of the teeth
The human digestive system – parts and
their functions
Creation of posters of the types
of teeth
Research and presentation
Discussion
Materials for creation of poster
Internet
Samples of each type of teeth
Oral questions
Grading of posters
Quiz
Grading of presentation
9
Nutrition in
Animals: Our
digestive system
Show curiosity
about how
digested foods
enter the blood
stream
Appreciate the
importance of fibre
in our diet
Understand how
the digestive
enzymes work.
Identify the places in the digestive
system where physical and chemical
digestions occur and state examples of
each.
Differentiate between excretion,
secretion, and elimination using named
examples
Absorption of food
Role of the villi
Role of fiber in the diet.
The enzymes of man’s digestive tract –
their production sites, substrates, end
products and hydrolytic reactions and
their word equations
Discussion
Creation of poster
Grading of posters
Quiz

5 | P a g e
10 Life: Respiration Appreciate the
importance of
respiration to
living organisms
Respiration and Breathing
Similarities and differences between the
types of respiration (anaerobic and
aerobic)
Write word equations for anaerobic and
aerobic respiration:
Aerobic: glucose + oxygen = carbon
dioxide and water
Anaerobic: glucose = lactic acid
The characteristics of respiratory
surfaces
Discussion
Viewing of DVD on respiratory
surfaces
Creation of posters
Use the surface area to volume
ratio to solve simple problems
(and the effect on gas exchange)
Internet
DVD, projector
Materials for creation of posters
Worksheets for calculating surface to
volume ratios
Calculators
Grading of posters
Quiz
11 Life: Respiration Appreciate the
importance of
respiration to
living organisms
Gaseous exchange in plants and animals
(man, fish, and insect)
Importance of surface area to volume
ratio in living organisms
The value of anaerobic respiration in the
distillation of rum (Demerara Distillers,
Guyana)
Discussion
Drawing
Observing
Video on distillation of rum
Written assessment
12 Matter: The
Composition of
Matter:
Periodic table
Become familiar
with the periodic
table
The modern periodic table
Groups and Periods
Basis of arrangement of elements in the
periodic table
The names of elements in a mixture and
compound.
The differences in the physical
properties of mixtures and a compound.
Viewing of DVD
Problem solving
DVD, projector
Worksheets
Periodic table
Quiz

6 | P a g e
13 Matter: The
Composition of
Matter:
Atomic Structure
and Bonding
Willingness to
understand the
particulate theory
Show an interest in
atoms and
molecules
Show curiosity in
elements and
compounds
The particulate theory of matter
(Dalton’s Theory)
Models of the atom
The meaning of the terms atom, proton,
neutron, electron, element, compound,
molecule
Properties of protons, electrons and
neutrons
Atomic structure of 1st twenty elements
Types and examples of bonding
Properties of substances for each type of
bonding.
Making of models of atoms
Problem solving
Internet
Materials to create models
Worksheets
Quiz
Grading of models
14. Measuring
acidity and
alkalinity
Become familiar
with the concept of
pH and appreciate
its application in
daily lives
Definition of acid, base, pH, indicator,
universal indicators, acidity and
alkalinity, pH scale, litmus paper
Meaning of a neutralisation reaction and
be able to write and explain word
equations for neutralisation reactions
Examples of acids and alkalis in the
home or in the lab.
Applications of acidity and alkalinity in
everyday life
Discussion
Practical
- Making of an indicator
- Classification of substances
as acidic or alkaline
- Identify the pH levels of
various acids and basis
Presentation: Uses of acids and
bases in the home
Charts on acid and bases
Materials for experiments
Materials for presentation
Quiz
15 Our
Environment:
Pollution
Become aware of
the types and
dangers of
pollution
Definition of pollution and pollutants
Noise pollution
Air pollution; Greenhouse effect
The ozone layer: where it is, how it
Discussion
Creation of posters showing
effects of pollution
Internet and projector
Materials for making posters
Grading of posters

7 | P a g e
protects life on earth, the effect of the
hole on the earth, how ultraviolet rays
cause cancer and blindness in humans.
Water pollution; Erosion
Mining activity produces silt and
increases erosion
Understand mercury poison in humans
Sub-lethal levels of mercury pesticides
and oil derivatives lower resistance to
disease
Explain how global warming is
affecting life in Guyana
Explain the positive and
negative effects of mining in
Guyana
Explain how to protect well
water from contamination
16 Our
Environment:
Soil Properties
Soil Organisms
Show curiosity and
interest in soil
properties and soil
organisms
Types of soil and the effect on crop
cultivation
Structure, properties, weathering, and
uses of soil and its components
Testing soil for humus, air content, pH
level, water retention, permeability
Capillary action and how to measure
capillarity in soil
Water cycle, soil erosion and leaching
Names and descriptions of soil
organisms
Classification of soil organisms as useful
or harmful
The effect of temperature and light on
soil organisms
Discussion
Practical
- test samples of soil to find pH
level as well as the
percentage of air by volume
Materials for practical: Samples of soil,
pH paper or universal indicator,
beakers, water
Internet
Samples of soil containing organisms
Worksheets such as Week 11, Lesson
1 and 2 found at
Portfolios

8 | P a g e
17 Simple
Mechanics:
Forces and
motion
Appreciate that
objects move when
forces are applied
to them
Be willing to use
formula 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 to
determine the
magnitude of force
The meaning of force and acceleration
due to gravity
SI unit of force (Newton (N) which is
equivalent to 1
𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘∗𝑚𝑚
𝑠𝑠2 )
Formula: 𝐹𝐹 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚
Advantages and Disadvantages of
friction
Ways of reducing friction
Comparing the force required to move
an object along various surfaces
Problem solving
Practical
- Moving an object along
various surfaces
Internet
Worksheets
Materials for practical
Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Part of
Unit 7
18 Forces: Magnets Appreciate the
importance of
studying the
effects of magnets
Definition of magnets
Identification of poles of magnets
Laws of magnetism
Magnetic fields
Electromagnetism – definition, making of
electromagnet, application of
electromagnetism
Temporary and permanent magnets,
which metals can become magnetized
Explain how unknown poles can be
identified
Identify devices in the home which
involve magnets or electromagnets
Explain how lines of force can be plotted
using a compass
Practical
Discussion
(bar magnets, iron filings, paper sling,
thread)
Compass
Quiz

9 | P a g e
19 Forces: Centre of
gravity
Demonstrate
willingness to put
ideas to explain
observations
regarding centre of
gravity
Definition of centre of gravity
Ways of determining the centre of
gravity for regular and irregular objects
Stability in relation to centre of gravity
and base area
Practical
Discussion
Materials for practical: String, pin,
clamp and stand, irregular lamina
Quiz
20 Simple
Mechanics:
Machines
Demonstrate
appreciation of the
importance of
pulleys in our daily
lives
Examples of simple and complex
machines and their uses
Levers (1st, 2nd and 3rd classes)
The incline plane can be compared to a
screw
Pulleys – single and block and tackle
The two different levers in the human
body
Practical
- Pulleys and levers
Discussion
Materials for practical: pulley, incline
plane,
Science in Daily Life, Book 2, Part of
Unit 7
Grading of Lab Reports
Quiz
21 Energy:
Electricity
Appreciate the
need to conserve
resources that are
used to produce
electricity
Demonstrate a
curiosity in circuits
Methods to produce electricity (chemical
action, electromagnetic induction,
friction)
Some sources of electrical energy
Know the parts of a dry cell and how
they function
Components of a circuit and their
symbols and functions (including
voltage, current, resistance, power, watt)
SI units for current, voltage, resistance,
power
Discussion
Practical activity
Compare the brightness of the
bulbs and ammeter readings for
a series and parallel circuits
Diagram a simple voltaic cell
and label the parts
Worksheets

10 | P a g e
22. Energy:
Electricity
Demonstrate a
curiosity in circuits
Making series and parallel circuits
Using ammeters, voltmeters, rheostats,
galvanometer, and a domestic electric
meter
Calculations in electricity using
formulae: 𝑉𝑉 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼, 𝑃𝑃 =
𝐸𝐸
𝑇𝑇
, 𝑃𝑃 = 𝐼𝐼𝐼𝐼
Calculation of cost of electricity
Practical
- Making of series and parallel
circuits (attaching ammeters,
voltmeters and rheostats)
Problem solving
Discussion about the cost of
electricity for the reason the
smelting of Alumina in the
Bauxite industry is outsourced
in Guyana.
Worksheets
23 Energy: Waves Show an interest in
waves
Definition of amplitude, frequency,
wavelength, period, crest, trough
Types and examples of waves (including
transverse and longitudinal waves)
Sound waves
Using a diagram of a wave function to
identify frequency (pitch), speed of the
sound waves, amplitude and intensity
Drawing wave diagrams
Discussion
Demonstration
Materials for the practical’s: Tuning
fork, beaker, water
Worksheets
24 Energy: Waves Show an interest in
waves
Light waves
Demonstrate an understanding of
reflection and refraction of waves
Drawing wave diagrams
Discussion
Demonstration
Materials for the practical’s: Tuning
fork, beaker, water
Worksheets
25 Energy: Heat
Energy
Show curiosity
about conduction
of heat energy
Temperature and heat energy
Name of good and poor conductors of
heat and their uses
Transfer of heat energy by conduction,
convection and radiation
Convectional current
Practical
Discussion
Quiz

11 | P a g e
Heat and expansion of solids, liquids and
gases
Radiant energy
The advantages and disadvantages of the
effects of heat on materials
Understand a bimetallic strip works and
the purpose of the thermostat in
appliances
26 Energy:
Conservation of
our forest
resources
Demonstrate
concern for the
application of
scientific methods
and knowledge in
exploiting our
forest resources
Definition of biodiversity and
conservation
Ways in which forests are useful
Conservation of forests
Non– timber forest products as
importance to the economy of Guyana
The meaning and types of eco–tourism
The advantages and disadvantages of
eco-tourism in Guyana
Discussion
Internet and projector Grading of portfolio
27 Our Earth: Earth
resources
(Rocks)
Demonstrate
curiosity about
rocks
Appreciate the
Types, formation and properties of rocks
Rock cycle
The names of minerals which are mined
in Guyana
Examples of precious and semi –
precious minerals in Guyana and where
they are located
Uses of minerals
Location of bauxite mining sites in
Field trip
Presentation
Discussion
Chart of the rock cycle to explain
the formation of igneous,
sedimentary, and metamorphic
rock
Camera and notepads
Samples of rocks and minerals
Grading of portfolio
Grading of quiz

12 | P a g e
importance of
bauxite
Guyana
The process of extraction of Aluminum
Classify rocks using Mohs scale
28 Detecting the
environment:
The eye
Hearing Sounds
(The ear)
Appreciate that the
eyes are very
important to
organisms
Appreciate that a
series of processes
are involved in
being able to see
objects
Appreciate that the
ears are very
important to
organisms
The mammalian eye
- Parts and their functions
- Care of the eye
- Principle involved in seeing objects
Comparison of the eye and the camera
The parts of the ear and their functions
Principle how sound is detected (Sound
travels in waves)
How a microphone and stethoscope
function
Care of the ear
Creation of poster of parts of the
eye
Discussion
Demonstration with lenses of
various thickness to explain
accommodation
ear
Discussion
Model of the eye
Weeks 8 and 9, found at
Model of the ear
Grading of posters
Quiz
29 Detecting the
environment:
The nose
Appreciate that the
nose are very
important to
organisms
The olfactory organs
How smell is detected
Care of the nose
nose
Discussion
Model of the nose
Week 11, found at
Grading of posters
Quiz

13 | P a g e
Detecting the
environment:
The tongue
Detecting the
environment:
The skin
Appreciate that the
tongue are very
important to
organisms
Appreciate that the
skin are very
important to
organisms
The areas of the tongue which detect
sweet, sour, salty and bitter tastes
Describe tastes
Care of the tongue
Label parts and state the function of the
skin
Sensitivity varies in parts of the skin
The skin aids in regulating body
temperature
Care of the skin
30 Soil composition Appreciate the
importance of soil
to our daily life
The composition of soil – organic and
inorganic
Water retention and volume of air in soil
Physical properties of soil and the
importance of these properties
Importance of humus on plant growth
Practical
- Observing soil structure
- The effect of humus on plant
growth
Discussion
Soil samples, humus, measuring
cylinder, water, balance
Quiz
31 Soil types Show interest in
the study of the
different types of
soil
Three main types of soil – sand, clay and
loam/silt
Physical properties of the three types of
soil
Describe samples of soils in relation to
their particle size
Testing and improving the pH of the soil
types
Field trip
Collect, name, and identify the
three main types of soils
Discussion
Practical
- Identify and compare the
physical properties of sand,
silt, clay
Camera, notepads
Materials for each practical
Samples of different soil types,
universal indicator
Soil indicator
Grading of portfolio

14 | P a g e
Determine the pH levels for
different samples
32 Improving clayey
soils
Appreciate the
importance of
improving clayey
soils
Improving clayey soil for increased
production
Ways of improving clayey soils
The effects of sand, lime and ash on
clayey soil
Practical
- Grow garden crops on
original clayey soil and on
improved clayey soil
Draw graphs to show
comparison of plant’s growth
rate on original clayey soil ad
improved clayey soil
Discussion
Soil samples
Quiz
33 Improving sandy
soils
Making a
compost
Appreciate the
importance of
improving sandy
soils
Appreciate the
importance of
making compost in
relation to waste
management
Improving sandy soil for increased
production
The effects of clay, humus and fertilizers
on sandy soils
How compost is made.
Practical
- Grow garden crops on
original sandy soil and on
improved sandy soil
Draw graphs to show
comparison of plant’s growth
rate on original sandy soil ad
improved sandy soil
Discussion
Practical
Creation of a compost using
suitable materials and remains
from plant
Soil samples
Quiz

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