This document discusses different types of higher education institutions and governance structures in India. It outlines two main types of degree-granting institutions: constituent colleges, which are an integral part of the university, and autonomous colleges, which have autonomy over curriculum and examinations but are still affiliated with a university. It also discusses recommendations from past committees on improving university governance, such as ensuring autonomy from external control and democratic administration. Autonomous colleges provide more flexibility but also face challenges in implementation that require monitoring and support from regulatory bodies.

1. Governance Of Collage, System & Affiliation
Presented By:-
Gaurav Chandra
M.Ain Geography
Banaras HinduUniversity
Varanasi-221005

2. Governance Of Collage, System & Affiliation
• November, 1948 the govt. of India appointed a
university education commission under the
chairmanship of Dr. S.Radhakrishnan to report on
Indian University education and suggest it
improvements.
• THERE ARE TWO TYPE OF INSTITUTIONS’ IN INDIA:
• (i) Degree granting and non Degree granting
institutions the degree granting institution increased
form 103 in 1970-71 to 692 in 2013-14.
• Non degree granting institutions collages has
increased a compound growth rate of 56% between
1970-71 to 2011-12

3. CONSTITUENT COLLEGES
• Constituent collage, which is an integral part of the university at
which it belongs.
• At oxford and Cambridge each college is an independent body, but
collectively the college provides all the students and almost all the
staff of the university.
• Without the colleges there would be no university. Teaching is
shared between the college and university.
• The oxford and Cambridge colleges are much wealthier and
charge much higher fees than India College but the system is not
dependent on wealth.
• Colleges tuition is less intensive, and the colleges are not
Independent Corporation, own governing body, but ultimate
financial responsibility lies with the university council.

4. AUTONOMOUS COLLAGES
• Autonomous colleges have autonomy with
respect to the curriculum, examination, and
admission.
• Because they are not allowed to grant degrees,
they are affiliated to a government university,
which grant the degree.
• Most of the older and established colleges are
autonomous in nature and financed by the
central/state govt. As madhav institutes of
technology of sciences financed by the M.P govt.

5. CONDITIONS FOR AFFILIATION
• No college should be fully affiliated unless it
can satisfy the university that it is eligible for
grant-in-aid.
• No college should be affiliated unless it is
able to undertake the internal assessment of
its own students work during their degree

6. COLLEGE GOVERNING BODIES
• A college governing body consisting of 12 to
15 members should include.
• Representatives of the body, principal,
teaching staff alumni of the college,
university, public opinion to be co opted by
the others.

7. LIMIT TO NUMBER OF COLLEGES
• Under the best circumstances, no universities
can properly control conditions in a group of
colleges 50 or more, the only remedy its own
merits.

8. MODEL ACT OF UNIVERSITY
• The ministry of education appointed a
committee in Dec.1961 to consider broadly the
organizational structure of the universities in
India and to prepare the outline of ‘Model Act’
suited to their role and functions in the present
counter of our fast developing society.
• Dr. D.S.Kothari chairman U.G.C-(1964-66)
• The success of any university depends not upon
the act, statutes, ordinances and regulations but
on the personnel and the sense of responsibility
and discipline.

9. MODEL ACT OF UNIVERSITY:
RECOMMENDATIONS
• Two basic principles should be accepted, viz.
• Autonomy of universities form external control and
Internally democratic administration and effective
participation of the academic community in the
formation and implementation of the university
policy and programmes.
• 2. The president of India in the case of central
universities and the governor of the state
concerned in the case of state universities should
be the visitor of the universities.
• 3. Chancellor elected by the court. He should be an
office of honor………… Contd.

10. • 4. The committee is unable to recommend any one
pattern as the most suitable one for all the
universities in India for the appointment of Vice-
Chancellor. The Vice-Chancellor should be
nominated by the Visitor/Government and (ii) be
elected by the court form among three persons
recommended by a majority of the members of
the Executive Council.
• 5. (a) Salary commensurate with his position and
responsibility.
(b) The term of five years
• 6. to relive the Vice-Chancellor of some of his duties,
there should be a Pro-Vice-Chancellor or Rector
chosen by the Vice-Chancellor.
Contd.

11. • 7. except in special circumstances, the Registrar
should be a permanent officer of the university.
• 8. The Treasurer/Finance Officer should be a
whole time salaried officer of the university
appointed by Executive Council.
• 9. for building programmers: efficient and
versatile engineer.
• 10. The court should be the policy-making body of
the university. It should consist of not more
than 100 members, of whom approximately 50
per cent should be external ones.
Contd.

12. • 11. The executive council should consist of 15 to 20
members.
• 12. The academic council should be the sole authority
for determining the courses.
• 13. Financial rules and external audit
• 14. (a) students are in the affiliated colleges, due a
attention should be devoted to such colleges.
(b) The gap between the condition of service of
teachers in the affiliated colleges and university
departments should be reduced.
(c) The grant-in-aid to colleges should be
improved.
(d) Provision to enable colleges to try our new
methods and courses.
Contd.

13. • 15. (a) Careful consideration by the competent
authorities, perhaps in consultation with the
University Grant Commission.
(b) The power of appointing teachers and
other employees and m should vest in the
university.
• 16. Dean of students and devote special attention
to students welfare.

14. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGES:
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
• Autonomy in principle enables a college to develop and propose
programmers that are considered relevant by that college, to its
immediate environment as well as the country as a whole.
• A college should be able to identify the aspirations of the
community that is around it and effectively translate those
aspirations into viable academic programmers.
• A autonomous college will have the freedom to decide on
curriculum and course of study.
• Teacher study the individual and social needs based on the
feedback from the industry, employers, faculty, students and
current status of technology, will arrive at the course of study and
design the curriculum
Contd.

15. • The main thrust in an Autonomous college is
maintaining and promoting academic excellence
among its students.
• students’ attitude, basic improvement in discipline,
better staff and student interaction and higher
employability
• An effective regulatory mechanism should be
established by the UGC to monitor the functioning of
the colleges.
•
• Before extending Autonomous status to other
colleges, objective, evaluation and revamping of the
existing Autonomous colleges may be done.
Contd.

16. AUTONOMOUS COLLEGES:
CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS
• To ensure effective implementation, the Scheme has to
undergo review and revision from time to time.
• Call for serious dialogue for removing unfounded
apprehensions in the minds of teachers, managements
and the governments, mainly concerning the service
conditions, security of jobs and proper implementation of
the scheme.
•
• Changes in Acts and Statutes of the Universities are also
needed to provide them necessary powers to confer
autonomous status to the identified and selected colleges.
Contd.

17. • Students of autonomous colleges are treated ‘less
than equals’ by their own university.
• Performances of the students are not evaluated by the
autonomous colleges on the same set of parameters
as applied to the parent university.
• Bring down the reputation of the institution in the
eyes of the public, which in turn demoralizes
institution management and the students.
• Such kinds of suspicions / apprehensions need to be
resolved and ambiguities removed.
Contd.

18. • The most crucial missing component of the scheme
has so far been its poor monitoring. A Regional / State
level monitoring mechanism through networking may
provide practical solutions to many of the problems
being encountered by the colleges during the
implementation of the scheme.
• Cross fertilization of ideas between and among the
autonomous and non-autonomous colleges, at regular
intervals, and also about the ‘successful’ and ‘not so
successful’ innovations made by the autonomous
colleges may improve quality of higher education as,
such interaction and may provide much deeper insight
into the problem areas and offer alternatives to the
existing remedial / correctional practices.

19. Thank You