Climate change influence of climate change

1. Submitted by
Name: Pawan Kumar Yadav
Qualification: Graduation & Currently
pursuing M.A in Geography
Name of Institute:
Banaras Hindu University
Contact details: Mob: 9621226922
Email: pawanyadav835@gmail.com
Address: Bhadaura Belthara road, distt. Ballia-
221715, UP
Assignment work of course:
Urban Disaster Risk Mitigation & Climate Resilient
Development.

2. Introduction to the City
• Selected City: Ballia
• Extension : 25:33 latitude
85:30 longitude
Area: 2981 Km2
Population : 3,239,774
Ballia is situated in extreme north-eastern part of Uttar Pradesh. It is surrounded by
Azamgarh on the west, Deoria in the north, Bihar in the north eastern part and
Ghazipur in the south western part. The city is in an irregular shape and has one
of its corners or boundaries at the confluence of two major rivers; Ganges and
Ghaghra. These rivers separate the city from other neighboring cities. Like River
Ganges separate Ballia from Bihar and River Ghagra separate Ballia from Deoria.
Story behind the name of City
According to a story the city is named as Ballia due to quality of the soil of the land.
Ballia has a sandy soil and this type of soil is known as ‘Ballua’. It is believed that
this city was initially called as ‘Balian’ and then was transformed as ‘Ballia’.

3. Hazards
• A hazard is an extreme event that occurs naturally and causes harm to
humans.
• In simple words hazards is anything that can cause peril to a person,
property or environment.
• Hazards can be classified as:
• Physical hazards, Mechanical hazards, Chemical hazards, Biological
hazards, Ergonomic Hazards, Psychological hazards.
• Six indicators of measuring and analysis of Natural
hazards
• Magnitude.
• Speed of onset.
• Duration.
• Frequency.
• Areal extent.
• Areal reliability.

4. Hazards in Ballia
• The selected city i.e. Ballia experiences various types of hazards like:
Flood, Drought, earthquake
• As per the report of the National Commission on Floods, 23% of the flood
prone area of India is concentrated in Uttar Pradesh. Out of the total
losses due to flood in Uttar Pradesh, 60% concentrated in Eastern (Uttar
Pradesh). Due to such losses every year, the development of the eastern
part is deflated.
• The selected city Ballia lie in Central Ganga Plain which is prone to severe
flooding every year
• The normal annual rainfall is 983 mm while monsoon rainfall is 864.8
mm. The average annual rainfall in the district is 1,013.1 mm. In the last
calamity of flood (2013) flood water covers 324 villages and affected
273600 population, in which sixteen people and six cattle died people lost
their 3525 homes and 210738 (ha) crops that the cost was about 4.38
Crore settlements and improvement of drainage system.

5. Continued
• Draught : draught is also a severe hazard in Ballia.
• In 2015 Ballia experienced severe draught where 60 % decline in
rainfall had been recorded.
• Loss of life and property from these hazards are in terms of 1.5 crores
annually
• The city have been declared drought-prone will not be recovered till 31
March 2016.
• Earthquake
• The killer earthquake in Nepal has also been felt in some part of UP
among which Ballia has been affected by the tremors.
• It was the alluvium cover in the Indo-Gangetic plain which acted as a
cushion and prevented large scale damage in Ballia.
• Ballia has been put in the seismic zone IV just because it is close to the
Himalayan foreland, but the city has not received even a single crack in
the building during the earthquake.

6. Climate Change
• Climate change is simply means change in weather conditions in
a particular area over a long period of time.
• Climate change is common sense the beginning of the earth but it
has increased its limits since the industrial revolution due to
anthropogenic activities.
• Causes of climate change:
• (i) Anthropogenic activities
• (ii) emission of green house gases into the atmosphere via
industries.
• (iii) Burning of Fossil fuels
• (iv) Ignoring the use of renewable sources of energy
• (v) Over population.

7. Climate Change in Ballia
• Ballia experience very hot climate during
the summer months from March to
June. The temperature goes as high as 45
Deg. C in the day time. However, the
winters are cool and pleasant. The
temperature falls till 17 Deg. C during a
pleasant day.
• Temperature over Ballia (India) as
stimulated by 29 climate models from
1951 to 2100 with (RCP4.5) or without
(RCP8.5) climate change mitigation
policy.
Pattern of Climate Change in Ballia
(1951-2100)

8. Factors for Hazards and Climate
change in Ballia
• Natural disaster mainly create havoc which lead to loss of life
and property.
• Ballia is increased risk from disaster in terms of natural
disaster mainly from flood.
• Various natural calamities also causes natura disaster.
• Flood
• As it is situated at the confluence of two river viz. Ghagara &
Ganga so the chances of flooding increased.
• Due to its alluvium soil locally called as ‘Ballua’ erosion by
these rivers are so common.

9. What causes drought
• Lack of Rainfall : due to minimum or below average rainfall
drought occur.
• Surface Water Flow: Some regions are also well distributed
its surface water.
• Human Factors : deforestation is the main deterioration
cause of irregularity which causes severe drought.
• Unplanned, unmanaged urban development as well as
hazardous activity makes the city more vulnerable.

10. What causes Climate Change
• Temperature:
• Ballia faces some times of climate changes like change in temperature,
precipitation, relative humidity, and wind speed and wind movement
pattern.
• Climate of Ballia vary from season to season but a huge change have been
seen since decades.
• The maximum temp. register a gradual fall through the month fall through
the month of December (24 Deg. C to 17 Deg. C)
• The minimum temp. have a similar march through the season falling from
about 11 Deg. C .In the beginning of December to about 9 Deg. C by end
of the month
• They remain around that value till third week of January and then rise
slowly to about 10 deg. C till and of January. The minimum temp. reach to
about 14 Deg. C by end of the season.
THANK YOU