2. TOPIC OUTLINE
I. Introduction
II. Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
III. Dispensing Process
IV. Points to Remember
V. Summary
3. GOOD DISPENSING PRACTICE
“No medicine, pharmaceutical or drug
whatever nature and kind or device shall
be compounded, dispensed, sold or resold,
or otherwise be made available to the
consuming public except through a
prescription drugstore or hospital
pharmacy….”
RA 5921, Section 25
4. What is Dispensing?
24 June 2015 4
• Refers to the process of preparing and
giving medicine to a named person on
the basis of a prescription.
• Involves the correct interpretation,
accurate preparation and labeling of
medicine for use by the patient.
• Vital elements of the rational use of
medicines.
5. 24 June 2015 5
What is Dispensing?
Administrative Order No. 63 s. 1989 known
as
“Rules and Regulations to Implement
Dispensing Requirements under the Generics
Act of 1988 (RA 6675)”
Section 1.1. Dispensing is the act by a validly
registered pharmacist of filling a prescription
or doctor’s order on the patient’s chart.
6. 24 June 2015 6
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
1. Staff/Personnel
– Good personal hygiene
– Knowledge about the medicines being
dispensed
– Good calculation and arithmetic skills
7. 24 June 2015 7
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
1. Staff/Personnel
– Skills in assessing the quality of
preparations
– Attributes cleanliness, accuracy, and
honesty
– Attitudes and Skills required to
communicate effectively with patients
8. 24 June 2015 8
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
“ No prescription shall be filled or
compounded except by a registered
pharmacist in the employ of the
drugstore or pharmacy.”
RA 5921, Section 30
9. 24 June 2015 9
PHARMACIST
Provide the medication need of
the patient
Fill prescriptions
in a precise
manner
Provide the patient with
information and guidance to
ensure patient’s compliance
to the medication prescribed
Advise the prescriber of
drug substitutes the
patient may have, or
other medications taken
by the patient
Maintain trust of
the prescriber
and the patient
10. 24 June 2015 10
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
2. Premises
– Physical Surroundings
(free of dust and dirt)
– Shelving and Storage Areas
FIFO , FEFO
– Surfaces used during work
11. 24 June 2015 11
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
How to maintain a clean dispensing
environment
• Regular routine of cleaning shelves
• Daily cleaning of floors and working
surfaces
• Daily removal of waste (garbage)
12. 24 June 2015 12
• Spills should be wiped up immediately
• Food and Drink must be kept out of the
dispensing area
• Refrigerator used strictly for medicines
ONLY
• Conduct regular monitoring of the
refrigerator temperature
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
13. 24 June 2015 13
Factors Affecting Good Dispensing
Practice
3. Equipment and Packaging Materials
Tablet Counter – for loose tablets
Graduated Cylinder
Spatula
Scissors
Containers
Red and White Labels
Rubber Stamp
18. DISPENSING PROCESS
1. Receive and validate the prescription
– Cross – checking
– Confirm the name of the patient
24 June 2015 18
19. 24 June 2015 19
Prescription
- An order for medication issued by a
physician, dentist, veterinarian or other
properly licensed medical practitioner
- Designate a specific medication and
dosage to be administered to a particular
patient at a specific time
20. 24 June 2015 20
Parts of Prescription
1. Patient Information
2. Date
- Time the prescription is written
A lapse of time more than a couple of days between
the date the prescription was written and the date it
was brought to the pharmacy may be questioned by a
pharmacist to determine if the intent of the physician
and the needs of the patient can still be met
21. 24 June 2015 21
3. Rx Symbol or Superscription
– “take thou” or “you take”
4. Medication Prescribed or Inscription
- body or principal part of the prescription
- contains the name and quantity of the
prescribed drug
22. 5. Dispensing Directions to Pharmacist or
Subscription
– Contains directions for the pharmacist for
preparing the prescription
6. Directions for the Patient or Signa
– As indicated by the prescriber, the
directions for the patient’s use of the
medication
24 June 2015 22
23. 7. Refill, Special Labeling or Other
Instructions
- Indicate the number of authorized
refills in the prescription by its
prescriber
If no refill information is provided, it is
understood that no refills have been
authorized.
24 June 2015 23
25. Classification of Drugs
1. Prescription or
Ethical Drugs
– these drugs can only
be dispensed upon a
written order of a
validly-registered
physician, dentist or
veterinarian.
24 June 2015 25
26. Classification of Drugs
2. Non-prescription or Over-the-Counter
(OTC) Drugs – purchased without a
prescription
27. 2. Understand and interpret the
prescription
– Read the prescription
– Correctly interpret any abbreviations used
by the Prescriber
24 June 2015 27
28. – Confirm that the doses prescribed are in the
normal range for the patient (sex and age)
– Correctly perform any calculations of dose
and issue quantity
– Identify any common drug-drug interactions
32. 5. Record the action taken
– Three different methods can be used to keep
a record of medicines dispensed
Prescription is retained
› the dispenser should initial and annotate the
prescription with strength and quantities
dispensed and either file it or enter the
details into a record book as soon as time is
available.
24 June 2015 32
33. Prescription is returned to the patient
› list of the medicines dispensed must
be entered into a record book before
the items are issued to the patient
Use of computers to record the dispensing
details
24 June 2015 33
34. 24 June 2015 34
6. Issue medicine to the patient with clear
instructions and advice
35. POINTS TO REMEMBER
24 June 2015 35
• Containers used in dispensing should be
appropriate to the particular product
being dispensed.
• It is important to open and close
containers one at time
Note: air eventually deteriorate quality of
medicines.
• Labels of medicinal products should be
legible and clear.
36. • A prescription record book should be
used for recording dispensed
prescriptions. It should be open for
inspection anytime when the pharmacy
is open for business and must be
preserved for a period of two years after
the last entry in it has been made.
24 June 2015 36
POINTS TO REMEMBER
37. POINTS TO REMEMBER
• All fully served prescriptions must be
recorded in the prescription record
book, numbered consecutively and shall
be put on file for two years.
• Smoking and eating should not be
permitted in the dispensing area.
24 June 2015 37
39. 24 June 2015 39
Patients should receive the appropriate
medicine, in the proper dose, for an
adequate period of time, and at the
lowest cost to them and their community.
