Gm Hedging Strategies Yen

Gm Hedging Strategies Yen
| Foreign exchange hedging strategies at General Motors| Competitive exposures| Project on International FinanceMar 2011|
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Overview of General Motors and its corporate hedging policy
General Motors was the world's largest automaker and since 1931, the world's sales leader. In 2000, it had a net income of $4.4 billion on revenues
of $184.6 billion. North America represented the majority of sales to end customers but international operations were also growing and international
sales had reached 18% of overall sales.
The key objectives of GM's foreign exchange risk management policy was to reduce cash flow and earnings volatility, minimize management time and
costs dedicated to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The above calculations have not taken into account any growth of the market or other variables. Also assuming that GM would not respond to a 20%
change in exchange rates also may not be realistic.
–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
Sensitivity Analysis
A sensitivity analysis has been carried out, by varying the Yen/Dollarexchange rate from $1 = 120 yen to $1 = 80 yen. Also the content sourced from
Japan has been varied from 20% to 40%. Varying these parameters, we get the values for income loss/gain for 2001. These values are discounted at
20% to find out the loss/gain to perpetuity. In this analysis, the margin passed on by Japanese carmakers has been fixed at 45%.
Income loss/gain to perpetuity for GM with changes in exchange rate and Japanese content in Japanese carmakers automobiles: Exchange Rate: $1= |
120 ВҐ| 100 ВҐ| 90 ВҐ| 80 ВҐ| Japanese content| | | | | 20%| –$623,405,090| 0| $415,596,830| $935,097,790| 30%| –$935,097,790| 0| $623,405,090|
$1,402,636,840| 40%| –$1,246,790,490| 0| $831,193,660| $1,870,175,890|
Another sensitivity analysis has been carried out, wherein the Japanese content in the automobiles is varied from 20% to 40% and the margin passed
on by Japanese carmakers to customers has been varied from 15% to 45%. Here the exchange rate has

... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Identity And Its Own Language
Identity is created in language. Through language we show other people who we are and what we purport to be. Our sense of self and our sense of
otherness are constructed by the language we speak. Each community has its own language, its own vocabulary or its own sounds of speech, which
represent the community's identity. For instance, the major Japanese regional language, Kansai–ben is characterized as a friendly and humorous dialect
by speakers of the standard Japanese. An individual speaking Kansai–ben is therefore acknowledged as belonging to that linguistic group. Speaking a
common language develops a sense of belonging to the community. Of necessity or voluntarily, we can assimilate into the particular linguistic group, of
which we ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She leaned and spoke Arabic in a school, but not her native language Dari. Most of her education had taken place in an international school where all
of the subjects were taught in English. She immigrated to Australia in 2011, and she is now the second year student at the University of Melbourne
majoring in physics. Mariam spoke Dari, Arabic, Urdu and English, and was familiar with basic French and Latin. Mariam positioned herself as
privileged and different because unlike ordinary Afghan women, she had been exposed to diversity and modern thinking thorough foreign languages,
which offered her to develop alternative narratives of self.
Acquiring a new language is a way to change in one 's subjectivity for becoming the person we wish to be that might be unavailable in his first language
. Eva Hoffman expresses this in Lost in Translation: "This language is beginning to invent another me" (Hoffman 121). Away from conventional
ways of being, doing and talking, individuals are exposed to new linguistic practices, which constitute them as a different kind of speaker. Mariam's
exposure to foreign languages offered possibilities of encoding meanings, which were not allowed in Dari. She was free to speak in front of men in
English or Arabic, which she could not do in Dari. Foreign languages also allowed her to have informal and assertive communication, which was not a
desirable manner in Dari.

Japan Yen
The Rise (and Fall) of the Japanese Yen
Lawrence Cifarelli III, Nazanin Ershad, Natthima Sonsoem, Anyesha Mahaptra
University of New Haven
Abstract
This Case study provides an insight to the fluctuations experienced in the currency of Japan, Yen from the late 1990's to recent years. Japan follows the
floating currency monetary policy due to which there is no measures taken on to control the fluctuations. Japan experienced magnificent growth through
the 60's, 70's, and 80's leading into the 90's beginning. In the late 1990's, Japan's economy marked its growth significantly slower, which had then
come to be known as the 'lost decade' due to Japanese Asset Price bubble that collapsed. Eventually the nation faced major issues regarding ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For the following issues the Bank of Japan (BoJ) responded by embarking on Quantitative Easing (QE) in the early 2000's which did little to quell the
deflation and Yen Strength that had plagued the nation entirely.
The major problem for the export–heavy nation became the strength of the Yen. When the exporters saw a more expensive Yen, they faced more
difficulty to compete with domestic manufacturers in other nations. Also, due to extremely low rates of interest in Japan, it experienced massive
outflows of capital from retirees and investors looking for yield in other economies such as United States, Europe and Australia.
Subsequently, the Japanese economy maintained a long–lasting recovery beginning in early 2002. However, the path has not always been smooth,
given two "soft patches" (temporary softening in the market) and weakness in some parts of the economy.
Japan commenced on a multi–pronged approach by June 2012 in an urge to end the multi–decade slide that was seen in growth numbers for its
economy. This approach was initiated by Shinzo Abe during his campaign for Prime Minister, once installed as the political leader of Japan's economy
with Hiroki Kuroda installed as the head of the Bank of Japan, the country spurred into putting effort in order to inculcate inflation consequently
inflation back to the nation.
The current Japanese bond market bubble has contributed greatly to the fluctuation of the

General Motors, Jpy-Usd Exposure
Daniel Pinga
AEM 4290
General Motors, JPY–USD Exposure
Executive Summary
General Motors Corporation, the world's largest automaker, has an extensive global outreach, which places the firm in competition with automakers
worldwide, and subjects itself to significant exchange rate exposure. In particular, despite most of its revenues and production being derived from
North America, depreciating yen rates pose problems for the firm indirectly through economic exposure. While GM possesses 'passive' hedging
strategies for balance sheet and income statement exposures, management has not yet quantified or recognized solutions to possible losses from the
indirect competitive exposure it now shared with Japanese automakers in the U.S import ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
dollars. Having appreciating USD in their assets column, with depreciating yen in their liabilities column, this has lowered cost structure and expanded
profit margins for firms such as Nissan, Honda and Toyota. Now, these automakers are able to pass on their reduced costs to consumers via sticker
price reductions between 15–45% of cost savings, or through added incentives. According to Exhibit 6, as of 2000, per–vehicle incentives of GM
($1,969) far exceeds those of Toyota and Honda, at $725 and 664, respectively; this competitive advantage GM currently holds, as well as its relative
market share in the U.S., are endangered if Japanese firms choose to move their incentive values closer to the industry average. Looking into the
competitive threat more closely, the auto industry in the United States is rather sensitive to price, with a price elasticity of 2, or a 5% increase in price
contributing to a subsequent 10% fall in demand. Thus, based upon the sticker price decreases potentially implemented by Japanese automakers,
Japanese companies' combined market share (roughly 4.1m units in 2000) stands to increase substantially, and could eat into General Motors' overall
market share. To highlight the sensitivity to the USD–JPY spot exchange rate, GM's VP of Finance, Eric Feldstein, suggests that just a one–yen
depreciation increases competitors' operating profit by $400m. With $900m in net yen receivables, $500m in outstanding yen–denominated bonds, and
more

Examples Of Japanese Culture In Tanpopo
Japanese culture through its culinary path.
Emiko's "The Ambivalent Self of the Contemporary Japanese" is an interpretation of Itami Juzo's Tanpopo that was dominated with observation to the
highest detail of every subject, object and symbol portrayed in the movie. The interpretation have deliberately projected how Japanese culture has
changed under the effects of foreign cultures through the way their food, one of the most important element that defined national culture for its high
quality and aesthetic sense, have come to developed.
'Tanpopo' as the central point of view on food culture development.
Tanpopo has one central storyline following a widow and her quest to rebuild her late husband ramen shop with the help of a wild–west–cowboy hero
figure named Goro, along with his friends. However, the main story did not flow smoothly throughout the movie but rather constantly interrupted by
multiple cuts of small stories with different settings and unnamed characters. The singular impressiveness about Tanpopo was the... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
However, their long cumulative traditional values of being reserve, following the group opinion, borderline hierarchy, avoiding consequence (Hofstede,
2016)would interfere with the process. Therefore, it is undeniable that Japanese would struggle with their collective self when interacting and absorbing
new culture elements when the nation finally decided to match up with the world. It was what originated the crossbreed food, the yoshoku, the
combination which takes a form that can be handled either way that comforts the people. It is still true to this day where a lot of restaurant that labeled
as western (e.g Italian, French...) provide the utensils of both chopsticks and western dining fork/knife/spoon for

Japanese Religions : Shinto And Buddhism In Japan
Numerous religions are popular within the Japanese culture. Two of the most powerful religions, Shinto and Buddhism, they are wealthy and
complicated, and it consists of many contradictory developments which may additionally puzzle a Westerner. Inside the center of the way of life is
Shinto, the "natural" faith of Japan. also in the center is Buddhism, the Indian faith that became added to Japan in the sixth century from Korea and
China. For the duration of the history of Japan, it's been these two religions that have contributed maximum to the Japanese know–how of themselves
and their surroundings, and to many important activities. Shinto and Buddhism that assist formed plenty of Japanese values are Shinto and Buddhism,
played a big role in shaping Japanese values. Various likenesses and contrasts keep running between these two religions; nonetheless, Japanese accepts
more than one religion at the same time. It is also possible due to the polytheistic nature of maximum popular religions in Japan. It is not difficult to
state that religion is a major piece of Japanese culture because a ton of religious convictions can in any case be found in their regular daily existences.
A brief of statement about Shinto, as an antiquated religion of Japan, Shinto was initially a mix of nature worship, divination strategies, and
shamanism. Shinto is a native religion of Japan and furthermore one of the most established religions on the planet, dated came back to 660 B.C. In
Shinto, regular

Japanese Culture Places High Value On Privacy Essay
On the first morning, Jeanne and Mama try to use the latrine in their block but discover that the toilets are overflowing onto the floor. They try
another latrine two blocks away, but just like every other latrine in the camps were the same. The toilets are back to back with no partitions. One
old woman sets up a cardboard box around her toilet as a makeshift partition. She offers the partition to Mama, who graciously accepts it. These
cardboard partitions become widely use until sturdier partition appeared, but many people still choose to wait for the bathroom until late at night for
more privacy. As Wakatsuki Houston explains, "Mama knew cooperation was the only way to survive. At the same time, she placed a high premium
on personal privacy. Almost everyone at Manzanar had inherited this pair of traits from the generations before them" (33). Japanese culture places
high value on privacy, women especially take it more serious. They were taught to be modest and conservative. Nowadays, people are more
comfortable with each other. When my friend and I go to the pool and we're in the locker room, we are not shy about changing out clothes in front of
each other. My friend had told me that her Japanese mom was more modest about it. Her mom was taught that one should not expose herself to others
and to keep do most of her things in privacy. Mama's stunned silence upon first seeing the dust–covered room gives us a glimpse of the real pain the
relocation causes the Japanese

Friedrich Von Schiller's Happiness : The Will Of Man Is...
Happiness
Friedrich von Schiller thought that "The will of man is his happiness". Happiness is a perpetual topic during human life, even the ultimate aim of
living. But, what is happiness? How to gain happiness? People have diverse answers. As Alain–Rene Lesage said that "I am happy and content because
I think I am." Happiness is a very subjective personal feeling, how happiness people feel depends on themselves. Everyone has different definition and
expectation of happiness, which depends his or her values. People's attitudes toward life also affects their happiness feeling. However, if you are
willing to, happiness is following you and it is easy to access.
In my view, when people gain something they value, they will feel happy. Individuals' values are different. Therefore, people will feel happy for
different reasons. For instance, Materialists value fortunes indicates that they will feel happy when their property increase. Intellectuals value
knowledge means that their happiness is positively correlated to learning and reading. In my personal interview, Zhang is a boy who values individual's
effort and achievement. When being required to describe a happiness moment, he told us that, recently, on his fourth try after months of study, he
finally passed the TOEFL test. His hard–working gains the reward, he gained an achievement, so he felt happy. It is also a good example for how
values guide person's happiness feeling. As far as I am concerned, I cherish friendship. I

Japanese Business Norms And Customs, Culture, And...
As one may know, cultural aspects differ between a myriad of countries. In particular, Japan is a traditional yet historical society that is worlds apart
from the familiar United States. Specifically, Geert Hofstede and Edward T. Hall conducted a study based on cultural influences in relation to the
workplace as well as characteristics of a high context society. However, it is vital to recognize Japan's business norms and customs, culture, and
etiquette before one's journey begins.
Japanese Business Norms and Customs:
Geert Hofstede studied that Japanese business culture has much influence from the power distance aspect. This element deals with the equality of the
Japanese from a hierarchy standpoint. Japanese society has a somewhat ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The business aspect is taken very seriously in Japan. A few tips within the business world are provided.
If one needs to schedule an appointment, it is important to give several weeks notice by communicating by telephone.
One should be prepared to meet with a group of professionals for fellow opinions.
Create quality business cards. They are exchanged very frequently within the business culture. When received, one must study and read the card
thoroughly.
Japanese Culture:
Culture in Japan is so pristine that it cannot be compared to American society. Most of the Japanese practice one of two religions, Shinto and
Buddhist, whereas in the United States, hundreds of religions are practiced. The linguistic aspect of Japan is spoken so beautifully that rarely does
one hear the language being broken. There are several values within Japanese culture, yet harmony is their main fortune. This thinking has guided all
civilization to work as one instead of focusing on a single individual. The Japanese are aware of the age and status on fellow citizens to show respect.
It is believed that everyone must value those who are older with a higher status.
Japanese Etiquette:
The Japanese are known for being extremely polite and refined. If one is not familiar with Japanese foreign etiquette, one could reflect as being
offensive. When meeting a Japanese civilian, most would think to shake hands. However, it is known that one does not shake hands but bows. The

Japanese Anthropology Essay
Prof. Bodoh–Creed Anth 338 – Section 1 February 27, 2012
On an ordinary Saturday afternoon, my sister and I made our way to 1st St. and Central Ave. from a failed attempt at another left–to–be–unnamed
cultural epicenter, which was a very disappointing trip. Little Tokyo proved to be quite the opposite, as I was able to ascertain a much deeper
understanding of the Japanese culture because of it, and at the same time was able to reflect on the differences and similarities of my Filipino heritage.
From what I was able to gather, the Japanese and Filipino cultures have quite a few significant differences, but have more similarities than I originally
anticipated. As the name would suggest, Little Tokyo is fairly little, with its... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, along 2nd Street one can find a Pinkberry and Japanese tavern sharing close proximity to one another, just one example of the comingled
culture of Little Tokyo. We met many friendly people during our visit, but had the most luck getting interviews while we were in the shops and making
small talk with the workers and customers. The predominant religion in Little Tokyo is Buddhism, but sentiment varies widely depending on their
connection to the Japanese culture and their age. I was told that there were a handful of temples scattered throughout the area, and according to an
elderly female store owner many
people find it very important to observe the religious decrees and go every Sunday to meditate. A younger Japanese woman who worked in one of
the shops seemed to think otherwise, as she expressed that nobody really follows the customs anymore, but certainly like to profess it. She continued
by saying, "The only time we really care is during funerals", but during weddings they are seen in churches wearing American style gowns, bearing a
mark of Judeo–Christian Western ideology. Although Buddhism is widely recognized to be the major religion among the Japanese, some of the
smaller religions like Shinto and Christianity bring in a small following also, just not in Little Tokyo. Strolling along the Plaza, I encountered a pleasant
Japanese American student in her mid–20s who had come all the way from Orange County. She told

Evidence Of Diversity In The Community
Each individual develops a set of values based upon family and community values. Values are generally an asset to the individual and community.
However, when a value or learning is to hurt someone else, this has a negative influence on the community. As we look at society, we see values in
individuals' being exhibit, are positive and uplifting to everyone. One value is accepting diversity in others. A community made of diversity in race,
belief, gender and political persuasion strengthens the community and each individual. As one looks at the history of the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter–day Saints and all other religion they have been exclusive to some degree. There has always been a group of people left out of the circle to
some degree or another. Churches believe everyone should conform to the same beliefs without room for different points of view and understanding.
This may also include different opportunities based upon distinguishing features, such as color or race. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As empires raised to power, they always classified groups of people differently based upon their diversities from the ones in power. Roman Empire
had slaves, bought and traded human life based on religion, nationality and other differences. The Pharaoh of Egypt become scared of the population
of the Israelites and enslaved them for generations. United States setup internment camps for the descendants Japanese immigrants during World War
II. Germany rounded up all of the Jews in an effort to cleanse the white race. These examples show individuals operating in fear of the unknown.
Being unfamiliar with individuals' differences will make us respond out of fear. Responding to the feelings of fear being uncheck breeds

Japanese Culture And Cultural Culture
In today's modern world, we encounter a wide diversity of people from Americans to Japanese. However, as we encounter such people, we ask
ourselves, how much do we know about their culture or even about their family roots. Personally, the encounters with many Americans have been
peacefully satisfying to point of acknowledging their culture and traditions. On the other hand, the Japanese community is still a cloudy subject that
needs a clear path of understanding. Therefore, as more information integrates to our multicultural world, the Japanese community need to be valued,
unified, and appreciated by many other cultures, including ours. The Japanese culture has a fascinating and multi–faced culture, covering its cultural
traditions to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As stated in the InsideJapan website (2017), many younger generations face the challenge that a job is no longer guaranteed, as well as for
employees working in a company for many years. The website also argues that one and three million young adults have never left their home,
resulting in a decrease in the total tax money to support the Japanese economy and aging population (InsideJapan, 2017). In other words, as the
Japanese community continues to have less young adults working or even in a part time status, a struggling dilemma to support the elderly
population will become a challenge for the economy and for the culture. On a different note, the Japanese culture has interesting traditions that shape
how the values, beliefs, and social practices are viewed by others. For example, the Japanese culture has embraced several religions that one person
can practice their entire life. The InsideJapan website supports this information by stating, "This is why they say that in Japan, people are born
Shinto, get married Christian, and die Buddhist (2017). Many religions coincide alongside other religions to have a greater impact on their followers
as it happens in the Japanese culture as in other cultures. Consequently, their values, beliefs, and social practices can be both different and be same as
each other. Social practices and cultural traditions are also greatly valued by Japanese culture as part of

Objectives Of Internal Environment
UNIT 2: Internal Environment of Business – An Overview
пѓ LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
пѓјUnderstand the concept, meaning and objective of an internal environment of business
пѓјUnderstand the various factors of internal business environment that has an impact or implication on the business
пѓјUnderstand the analysis of internal environment
пѓјUnderstand the concept and importance of SWOT analysis with its advantage and limitations
пѓ STRUCTURE:
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Objectives
2.3 Meaning of Internal Environment
2.4 Constituents of Internal Environment
2.4.1 ValueSystem
2.4.2 Vision, Mission, and Objectives
2.4.3 Management Structure and Nature
2.4.4 Internal Power Relationship
2.4.5 Human Resources
2.4.6 Company Image and Brand Equity
2.4.7 Organizational Climate
2.4.8 Other Factors
2.5 Analysis of Internal Environment
2.6 Concept of SWOT Analysis (with examples)
2.7 Importance of SWOT Analysis (including a brief ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, identified threats in the business environment, such as new government regulations regarding a product design or the introduction of

competing products, might alert the business owner that a proposed investment in a new manufacturing production line should be more carefully
evaluated. In addition, an awareness of a company weakness such as a lack of qualified employees might suggest a need to consider outsourcing
particular functions. In turn, opportunities such as the availability of low–interest loans for start–ups might encourage the entrepreneur to pursue the
development of a new product to meet a rising customer demand. In contrast, identified strengths, such as extensive experience in an industry
experiencing rapid international growth, might suggest the need to partner with foreign

Japanese Cultural Values
Cultural Values in Comparison with the United States
According to Murai, adjusting to the Japanese culture is often challenging for foreign companies (1). Some global firms such McDonalds and
Starbucks have entered the Japanese market and positioned themselves as respected brands through adapting to the prevailing culture. However, others
have struggled to win the minds and hearts of the discerning Japanese customers. The difference between the successful and not so successful firms is
that the latter employed the right steps to understand and address the cultural differences and utilized them as vital resources. According to Geert
Hofstede's Six Dimensions of National Culture (qtd. in Ferraro and Briody 31), different states have different cultural assumptions and value attachment
dimensions, which represent the independent preferences of a specific state of affairs over another that differentiates countries from each other
(Hofstede Insights 1). A Hofstede's cultural analysis and comparison between Japan and the United States would reveal the information shown in
Figure 1 below. Fig. 1. Japan–United States Hofstede's cultural analysis comparison. Information from Hofstede Insights. Hofstede–insights.com, 22
Nov. 2017, https://www.hofstede–insights.com/country–comparison/japan,the–usa/.
Power Distance
Japan has an intermediate score of 54 compared to the United States' score of 40. The stated disparity is due to Japan's identity as a borderline
hierarchical and

How Do People Perceive Value Of Objects?
How do people perceive value of objects?
As a designer, how can I create a system of making emotional value?
How can I evoke people's emotional responses out of objects?
Summary of reflective journals
I am always interested in relationships between human and objects, especially psychological relationship. Why memento is thought so precious?
Would people see samevalue in between their favorite watch they have keep using for many years and same products that is in the shop?
Through making and researching, I would like to discover how people value objects. I would like to design products that can be used and cherished
for long term. So as to that, I think it is worth to consider and research aspects of psychological way of valuing ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In Unit2 I focused to choose right materials to make amulets and to decide outcome for this project. As I realized that a creation of emotional
attachment acts important role in order to create value into object, I decided to make bespoke amulets and its kit so as audiences to be able to get
involve its process. Sometimes people make amulets by them selves wishing good luck. I thought it would be interesting that I make amulet and see
how people perceive them.
According to Donald. A. Norman, who is a cognitive scientist, human's emotions strongly influence how people associate with objects. Strong narrative
induces your emotion. The emotional attachment makes things special, valuable. How those narratives of objects speak to you and induce your
emotion positively defines part of the value.
In the research paper I researched 'How contemporary designers perceive emotional values and giving the values to their products'. What I reckoned
out of the reseach was that designer have to care about the story behind the making process. Purchasing those objects is that people are somehow
investing onto the designer's imaginary world. Objects can became precious not only because its material, but because of its process, extraordinary
skill or unique skills, and the time are invested to create.
Emotional attachment is a key word. This is what I found out that in order to produce emotional

Energy Commission Information ( Eia ) Essay
The United States is the largest economy in the world. According to the World Bank its GDP is approximately 16.8 trillion as of 2013. As the U.S.
grows in population, so does the demand of goods. Is the country heading towards greater prosperity or towards a dismal hole? Is the United States
practicing weak or strong sustainability and should we be worried about running out of non–renewable resources?
We all know what non–renewable resources are economic values that cannot be replaced within a reasonable time frame. According to the U.S. energy
commission Information (EIA) Administration the United States consumed approximately 6.89 billion barrels of petroleum in 2013. Now, 6.89 billion
barrels of petroleum may seem like an overwhelming amount of oil, but according to the EIA we should have enough oil to meet demands for the next
25 years. The EIA predicts that the demand for non–renewable resources will be met for at least 25 more years, but what happens after that? Some
people would argue that the U.S. has been sustained up to this point in time however others would say the contrary. So, first I would like to define my
interpretation sustainability as, "being able to meet today's demand, without compromising tomorrows". Under this definition I believe that the U.S.
has been sustainable up to this point in time. Although non–renewable resources have been utilized, new discoveries are still happening.
The track record of finding non–renewable resources has fared

Advertisement as a Cultural Product Values, Practises and...
ADVERTISEMENT AS A CULTURAL PRODUCT VALUES, PRACTISES AND CULTURAL SYMBOLS REPRODUCED IN THE JAPANESE
COMMERCIALS
Abstract This paper explores the most important aspects of Japanese advertising, both economic and cultural. The presentation consists of two main
parts. First we will have a quick look at the data on the structure and organisation of the advertising industry and on the forms of advertisement
transmission. Than a short history of consumerism and advertising will help us to determine it's specific characteristics and main trends. Basing on the
television advertising and on a interview with the leading japanese advertising agency i show the most commonly used motifs connected with the
Japanese culture, that is concerning ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To understand the power of advertising market in Japan a deeper look in media structure is needed. Just as in other countries, the four mayor media in
Japan where ads are most displayed include: radio, Television, newspapers and Magazines. The spread of democratic institutions, university education,
and urban lifestyle in the 20th century created an enormous market for such media. in terms of ad expenditures, since 1975 money paid to television
firms exceeded those paid to newspapers, and television has been the top advertising medium ever since. The television market in 2002 maintains this
trend and, although spending was down over the last few years, that has happened across the board for all media. in Japan, where newspaper readership
is widespread, the average number of newspaper subscriptions per household is 1,06, and newspaper advertising accounts for about 18% of total
advertising expenditures. The main characteristic of Japanese newspapers is their broad readership. newspapers have a very high penetration rate
because of the home delivery system. They are read in most homes and are aimed at the market segments that compose households. There are five
nationwide dailies, all of which have correspondingly high circulation: Asahi Shimbun, Yomiuri Shimbun, Mainici Shimbin, nihon Keizai Shimbun,
Sankei Shimbun. The major newspapers print both morning and evening editions, which is one of the distinguishing characteristics of Japanese
newspapers. The

The Origin Of The Japanese Values Of Precision And...
The Origin of The Japanese Values of Precision And Punctuality
Introduction
Precision and punctuality is believed to be the order of the day in the Japanese society in both workplaces and social settings. Punctuality is highly
regarded as an important factor that has contributed to the success of the Japanese economy in global scene. In 2013, the train transport between
Osaka and Tokyo recorded an average delay of six seconds only. There is a deep sense of respect for other people's businesses with concerns that
such activities should not be interrupted due to lateness. However, the lack of flexibility has been faulted by critics who believe that the Japanese
people are too obsessed with time keeping and precision. However, the origin of such values is still unknown to many with questions arising on
whether such values existed before industrialization in Japan. The fact that the values are associated with Japan's position as a global economic
powerhouse raises concern on the origin of such values.
The History of the Japanese Culture of Punctuality and Precision
Nara period
Heian period
The Tokugawa period Researchers believe that the Japanese were not punctual in Tokugawa period, which lasted between 1603 and 1868. In 1857, a
historical document by Willem Van Kettendyke showed how the Japanese society valued modest and politeness but failed in keeping time. However, the
Meiji restoration period between 1868 and 1912 became a turning point for the Japanese where time

The Pros And Cons Of Japanese Culture
Comparative politicians often describe Japanese culture as a Confucian collectivist culture that emphasizes family and work group goals above
individualistic needs (Haddad). Embedded in their language, Japanese culture adheres to a hierarchal structure set in place by Confucian ideals.
Different from western ideologies such as the ideals of The United States and The United Kingdom, these cultural beliefs are, consequently, seen by
western countries as the root to key differences within a state. Indeed, when attempting to interpret differences seen in foreign states with ideologies
distinct from western ideologies, comparative politicians will often resort to cultural arguments as a default explanation. Yet, for many phenomena,
cultural arguments alone are prone to several errors that will often result in the generalization of a population's actions (Reed). While a cultural
argument seems to be a plausible explanation for events occurring in states with different cultures, a cultural argument alone is not sufficient, instead
creating a broad explanation for complex economic and political events. One argument that is considered to have an insufficient cultural explanation is
the differences between litigation as an action to settle disputes between Western Countries and Japan. In Japan, their population filed only 1,257 civil
cases per 100,000 people in 1970. When compared to the United States and Britain, the number of civil suits brought before the Japanese court system is

Effects Of Emigration On Japanese Family Values
Susan Sitoula
140075
Ms. Joanne Bretzer
Writing Seminar
10 April, 2015 Effects of Emigration on Japanese Family Values "When my children reached school age, there was not any Japanese people around
us, nor any Japanese school. My children were reluctant to speak Japanese, to be different from others. At first, they seemed to enjoy having their
own secret language, but then later on, told me not to speak Japanese outside" (Izuhara and Shibata). These are the words of one of the Japanese
migrant women who decided to settle in the UK. Many Japanese girls and women have migrated to Britain after the end of Second World War. These
women travelled to a foreign country for their foreign partners, education ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The largest Japanese emigrant families can be found in the North and South America. Japan is a post Confucian country with strong and strict family
traditions. Extended family and the nation are emphasized in Confucianism (Chae–bong Ham). The male is the head of the family. However, the
emigration that has occurred has resulted in people living in foreign countries not slowly giving up these values just like they convert from one religion
to other. International migrations in Japan is not a new matter, it has been going on since late 1800s. It started because of overpopulation and the
requirement of employment in other countries. As a result, the Japanese government facilitated emigration and sent numbers of Japanese out of the
country. Some Japanese returned back from their host countries for better jobs or facilities if the political or economical state of their host countries
was dire. Emigration affected the way in which the migrant families or people performed, followed or didn't follow their culture. The migrant Japanese,
after staying for a long time in their host countries, either absorb the other prominent culture or try to keep their culture intact but in

Anth 338 Research Paper
Prof. Bodoh–Creed
Anth 338 – Section 1
February 27, 2012
On an ordinary Saturday afternoon, my sister and I made our way to 1st St. and Central Ave. from a failed attempt at another left–to–be–unnamed
cultural epicenter, which was a very disappointing trip. Little Tokyo proved to be quite the opposite, as I was able to ascertain a much deeper
understanding of the Japanese culture because of it, and at the same time was able to reflect on the differences and similarities of my Filipino heritage.
From what I was able to gather, the Japanese and Filipino cultures have quite a few significant differences, but have more similarities than I originally
anticipated.
As the name would suggest, Little Tokyo is fairly little, with its borders... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Nisei, meaning a 2nd generation Japanese American, started the week long festivity over 60 years ago to celebrate their pride in being both
Japanese and American in Little Tokyo. With the exception ofNisei Week, many of these events emulate the kinds of activities Japanese would
observe in their homeland. The store employee told me that many small parts of Japan have its own festival. "In my city, we have a fireworks
festival like every year", she said. It seems these festivities serve as a reminder of Japanese heritage in a country inclined towards American values.
According to the Japanese American student, Little Tokyo does not resemble any specific place or region in Japan, it merely creates a "general feel" of
the culture.
For the most part, traditional cultural values and constructions are strongly honored among the people of Little Tokyo and those living in Japan. For
example, many of the people I spoke to maintained monogamous relationships and grew up in homes where it was highly valued. Moreover, divorce
is uncommon for these relationships, unlike here in America where divorce rates are exceptionally high. It likely has something to do with the way
the Japanese people present themselves out in the public sphere. The store owner told me the Japanese are very mindful of appearances, and how
people would think of you because of it. Certain things like divorce may in turn cause

The Importance Of Culture On My Culture
My culture is the Netflix and/or binge–watching culture. This culture has a variety of different elements that are within it. These elements each have
their own importance to how they impact my culture. Also, without any of these elements it would change the culture completely.
To begin, the first element is the values of my culture. Values are the principles or standards that society uses to make judgments. One of the values
associated with Netflix is modification. Netflix is always being modified so that the viewers could see newly released shows as well as movies.
Movies and TV shows are always being produced as well as what is trending in the country and world. Another value is variation, this allows subscribers
to have an unlimited number of movies and TV shows to watch. On the Netflix website, the values they used to convey themselves was judgment,
productivity, creativity, intelligence, honesty, communication, selflessness, reliability and passion. I think these all represent the company very well.
The next element to my culture is beliefs. Beliefs are the opinions or theories that people accept. Some of the beliefs associated with the beliefs of
Netflix are the 5–star rating system that is used to measure the quality of the show. The higher number of stars the better the movie/show should be.
This is also based on a consensus so even if it has a high rating you still might not like the movie/show and vis versa. Another belief is that Netflix is
more for watching movies not necessary TV shows like Hulu offers. Some other TV/movie online media streaming websites are: Amazon Prime, Hulu,
Sling TV, HBO Now, etc.
Knowledge is the ability to be informed and understand concepts to help people through life. There are several types of knowledge someone needs to
understand when they use Netflix one of which is how to use the technology. From how to properly run a computer to how to run Netflix and navigate
through the app. Another is the ability to understand the language the show is in, and if it's not offered in someone's first language then you can put
the subscripts on so you can understand it. Its also important to know release dates or dates that shows will be removed from Netflix.
Norms are the

Police Culture Research Paper
Culture has a significant influence on groups of individuals, it "refers to patterns of human activity or the way of life for a society" (Dempsey
160). It provides people with a sense of identity and it is typically associated with a set of values or norms. Values refer to the things that are deemed
important in a particular individuals life and norms are the expected way individuals should act in given circumstances. We all have cultural
differences which provide us with more diversity in the way we see the world and the way we think. A few major characteristics ofculture include that
it is shared and it can be learned.
Culture is shared by groups of people that work in the same occupation, live in the same region, or go to the same university. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In America alone, we have so many different cultures that allow us to build diverse communities and appreciate new things. Culture is essential
because it defines an individual's identity. It helps us connect to one another and share the same values. It bonds us with a group and links us to our
past. Culture is very meaningful and shapes us into who we are. It instills different morals and traditions into our lives that get passed down from
generation to generation.
What are some of the unique aspects of the police culture? How do they impact the police role?
Working as a police officer is associated with a lot of stress and tension. Officers encounter countless dangers on the job and have a lot of pressure
put on them to fairly serve and protect communities. All these aspects of police work shape police subculture and how officers use their powers.
Typically, police culture is associated with cynicism, social isolation, and secrecy. Police culture is unique because it is influenced by a number of
factors and hostility from the public has a major toll on an officer's values. All these factors influence how the police view the public and how they
view their colleagues. They have strong loyalty among themselves and protect each other at whatever cost known as the "Code of Silence." Loyalty
matters more than anything to an officer this can take a toll on building personal relationships outside of the workplace and learning how to cope with
issues while they are not on the

Relationship Between Language And Culture
Frantz Fanon once conveyed, "To speak a new language is to take on a new world, a culture." This is the reality for billions of active foreign language
learners globally. As they embark on a linguistic journey, they gradually find out that their native culture may not coincide with the new culture
ascribed to the new language. As such, this experience could be exhilarating or discombobulating, contingent on how receptive the individual is. The
purpose of this paper is to ascertain the relationship between language and culture. The relationship is evident in that language mirrors a culture which
bears the personal values and perpetuates the identity of an individual. To an individual, culture is of an inherent value reflected in a language. In her
poem, Search for My Tongue, Sujata Bhatt surmises that by studying English in another country, she relinquishes her native language, Gujarati.
Eventually, she contends that her mother tongue "pushes the other tongue aside" (Bhatt), implying that the Gujarati language is integral to her, thus
she chooses to conserve it. Consequently, this begs the question of why this must be a strenuous decision for her. Assuredly, she has not made
adjudications based on the sounds of the language nor its grammatical structure. As Bhatt is a first–generation immigrant, the Gujarati language is
essential to her because she does not want to lose her identity as a Gujarati woman. Bhatt grew up in Gujarat being cognizant of the language and
possessing

Internal And External Factors Of Business Environment
Business environment consists of external and internal factors. Internal environmental factors are events that occur within an organization. An
organization's internal environment is composed of the elements within the organization, including current employees, management, and especially
corporate culture (that defines employee behaviour). Although some elements affect the organization as a whole, others affect only the manager.
Generally internal environmental factors are easier to control than external environmental factors. Some examples of internal environmental factors are
as follows:
Management changes
Employee morale
Culture changes
Financial changes and/or issues
2.2 OBJECTIVES:
п‚§Identification of Influential Factors: The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Just as each person has a distinct personality, so does each organization. The value system of an organization distinguishes it from others and shapes the
actions of its members. There are four important components that make up a Valuesystem or Organizational Culture: o Values o Heroes o Rites and
rituals o Social network
Values are the basic beliefs that define employees' successes in an organization. For example, many universities place high values on professors being
published. If a faculty member is published in a professional journal, for example, his or her chances of receiving tenure may be enhanced. The
university wants to ensure that a published professor stays with the university for the duration of his or her academic career – and this professor's
ability to write for publications is a value.
The second component is heroes. A hero is an exemplary person who reflects the attitudes, image or values of the organization and serves as a role
model to other employees. A hero is sometimes the founder of the organization (think Steve Job of Apple and JRD of Tata). However, the hero of a
company doesn't have to be the founder; it can be an everyday worker, such as hardвЂђworking paralegal Erin Brockovich, who had a tremendous
impact on the

Culture And Cultural Values In The Japanese Culture
Whether you are a business owner, starting up a business or working in a business, you cannot change a cultural norm that has been around for
thousands of years. Japans cultures are group oriented and it can take a long time to allow someone in their group. Your first impression are valuable
when doing business, if you respect their cultures they will respect you and the relationship will grow.
Japanese do not facilitate with one religion. They use a blend of different religions and it depends on their state of life their in, for instance, they will
take values from one of these religion, Shinto, Buddhism, Confucianism, as well as Christianity. For example, they may be purified by Shinto right
after birth, may get married in a Christian church as well as being married in a Buddhist ceremony. Depending on the year, they may visit different
temples or shrines throughout the year. When census is done, they will mark whatever is going on in their life at that time, therefore, the religion
percentage is different every year.
Japanese cultures are taught in the classroom, teaching their students that they are never equal. You are born knowing your place and as they mature
and move through society, there is a place for them, therefore, they are brought up to train their self for improvement.
It is an excellent idea to know how to bow properly. As you encounter one another you greet with a proper bow. In Japan, it is extremely impolite not to
bow. The bow has multiple meanings,

Similarities Between Malaysian And Japanese Moral Curriculum
III. Moral Education Curriculum of Malaysia and Japan
A. Similarities of the Moral Education Curricula
The first aspect of similarity between the Malaysian and Japanese moral education is the subject is taught as an independent subject. The teaching
period for Malaysian moral education is allocated in the school timetable. It is one of the core subjects taught to non–Muslim students in all primary and
secondary schools in Malaysia. In a week, three teaching periods of forty minutes each are allotted for the subject (World Data on Education, 2011).
Similarly, following France which teaches moral education as a separate subject, Japanese moral education was established as special hour in the
official Course of Study (World Data on Education, 2011). Therefore, as a teaching subject in school, like any other subject lessons, the Japanese
moral education develops, incorporates and enhances its own instruction. Classified as general studies rather than academic study, it is taught once a
week in elementary and lower secondary schools, allowing Japanese students from the first grade to the ninth grade to have 35 lesson hours of moral
education in a regular school year (Bolton, 2015).
Secondly, both Malaysian and Japanese moral education have explicit focus on nature. Malaysian moral education emphasizes on the love for the
environment. The values relating to the environment require man to love and protect the environment, live harmoniously with the environment,
maintain the good

Japanese Cultural Food : Japan
Japanese Cultural Food Japan's multifaceted culture is often unspoken about; Japan has one of the longest cultural back lives dating thousands of
years back. Although the culture and tradition of Japan stay strong, the society is constantly changing. With all the history that is distinctly
important to Japanese Cultural Food Japanese culture, it is no surprise the role that food plays in Japan. Japanese cultural food is 2 distinctly
different from western civilization and highlights very different food groups in comparison to western civilization. However, Japan just like any
other country has foods/beverages that are consumed regularly, although different from tradition. There are specific foods that are reoccurring in the
cultural foods in japan; Rice is one of these foods, called "Kome" rice is incorporated into many typical Japanese foods. Although, a bowl of rice is
common in most Japanese meals, rice contains about 242 calories per cup. Rice is also used to make foods like rice cake (Mochi) which are about 4
calories a piece, rice crackers (senbei) which are about 30 calories a piece and it even makes sake which is "rice wine" about 263 calories in each cup.
More traditional rice dishes include takikomi gohan which is a dish that included rice, seafood and vegetable, and amounts to 365 calories a cup.
Taimatsu kayu is another dish which is a salt seasoned rice porridge used as a remedy for the cold; this has about 1000 calories per serving size. Lastly,
there is

Weaker Yen Essay
I. Introduction
Japan's exports rate last month at the fastest annual rate in more than two years. The weaker yen also boosted the energy heavy import bill, although
the rose 10 per cent from a year earlier, economists said the net effect of the yen's retreat remained positive, because higher export revenues translate
into higher exporter earnings and consequently more investment and worker's bonuses.
Japan's stock market is heavy on exporting, The Prime Minister Abe's government also hopes that the export windfall will shore up general business
and consumer confidence. This is way to aim to pull Japan out of its liquidity trap and end nearly two decades of economic stagnation and deflation.
This essay will discuss about background and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
III. Objectives and Effects of Weaker Yen
The Prime Minister Abe tried to make lower currency of Yen with two strategies. First strategy is 'Printing Money' and second strategy is 'Buying Yen
from other countries'. Both of strategies increase supply of JPY. [pic]
Weaker Yen sounds like loss of Japan. Actually, it brings a lot of benefits to Japan. There are many effects from weaker Yen.
3.1 Growth of Export Companies
Japan's fiscal policy is demand–pull for international consumers and Cost–Push for domestic consumers.
DPJ (Democratic Party of Japan) thinks that cost–push inflation will increase the cost of goods and services however, having demand–pull is more
important. It means growing demand will pull the economy into stability (J. Metcalfe, May 2013). Lower value Yen is same as income for household.
It means an international consumer is able to buy Japanese products in lower cost.
[pic]
In Figure 3.1, previous currency of Yen was Y0 and after weaker Y1, it turned as income for international consumers. Thus, aggregate demand for
Japanese products. Increased exporting will activate economy of Japan and there will be Inflationary gap between Y0 and Y1. It is enough to stimulate
to recover Japanese economy. The Minister Abe thought weaker Yen will bring increase of export and demand for domestic products and services and
it is true. The exporting rate of Japanese

Influence Of English In The Japanese Language
2. English in the Japanese language
2.1. Adaption and Integration: Influence of English on Japanese Language Use
It has been many years since English was first introduced to Japanese society. In the progress of the 19th, 20th and 21st century, the English language
was a continuous but varying influence on the Japanese language and its culture. The result of this centuries long process is a Japanese language that
contains more than its fair share of English loanwords.
Although most Japanese people, even those of older age, are familiar with a lot of English loanwords, this does not necessarily mean they are familiar
with English. In my personal experience, I witnessed a Japanese woman struggling to find the English word for 'elevator', despite ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
These words, which are taken from English and used functionally in Japanese conversation primarily by native speakers, often have an already
existing, possible common Japanese equivalent. Therefore, these loanwords could be considered redundant and quite 'double' to an outsider. However,
in certain situations, the English word is greatly preferred, whereas the Japanese word would stand out strangely, for reasons which will be thoroughly
discussed in this section. These English loanwords in Japanese language have been dubbed 'double loanwords', for the sake of creating an
understandable and clear term, specifically for this paper.
Notably, there are two domains where these double loanwords appear in Japanese speech; fashion and food. These domains are not coincidental, as
both have been heavily influenced by foreign culture. Japanese fashion and Japanese Western style cuisine, or youshoku жґ‹йЈџ, are inspired largely by
their French, English and American equivalents. Although these Japanese styles do originate in Western influence, they have been made their own by
the Japanese fashion industry and the Japanese

The, Menaka 's, And Alexa 's Pecha Kuchas
Intro:
Hook: beautiful chaos.
Preview of ideas:
Though Hannah's, Menaka's, and Alexa's Pecha Kuchas, the underlining theme of self expression and
Calligraphy– Calligraphy allows self expression make–up brushes–
Pottery–
Thesis: The Japanese aesthetics of irregularity and simplicity manifest in the artistic creations in calligraphy, make–up brushes and pottery. Through an
examination of the both the process by which these items are created as well as the final object made, the soul and personality of the creator emerges.
Paragraph 1:Caligraphy– Irregularity
Each Japanese Calligrapher reveals a part of their soul through each unique stroke. A message bigger than the words written is told through the width,
length and curvature of a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This idea fosters love for creating and exploring and discovering new methods of art. The art is elegant unpretentious and yet highly complex." The
accidental beauties of calligraphy are the puzzle pieces to the artist's soul. The viewer identifies the differences in the art and recognizes the parts of
the artists. Each complex irregularity is a complex characteristic of the artist. The irregularities of calligraphy are complex yet the art is simple. The
paradoxical art of simplicity and complexity centers itself to communicate the self–expression of the artist.
Paragraph2: Calligraphy– Simplicity
Starting with the simple structure of a brush, and a hand–made paper, a calligrapher can create anything he or she desires. The Japanese atheistic of
simplicity is present within the tools. Each tool has one simple job, however, no brush or paper is made the same as well as the artists who use them. In
Hannah's pecha kucha, she explains the beginning of the process of calligraphy. Hannah mentions the importance of the brushes in calligraphy and
their connection to simplicity. She analyzes,
"Furthermore, no two artists are the same. Each one possesses his or hers own preference and style; some brushes are incredibly elegant with family
names inscribed on the handles. Well others appear as if they were made from a stick of bamboo. Ultimately it does not matter how expensive a tool
may be but

Impact Of Caste System In Pakistan
The Effects of Castes on the Politics of Pakistan in Modern Day
Social system of a nation based on local culture. Culture is the practical aspect of a nation's theories. Culture is a way of life including general
customs and beliefs of a group of people in a particular territory. Furthermore; the culture of Pakistan is a blend of many cultures i.e Dravidians, Aryans,
Arabs, Greeks, Mongols, Turks and the British although the Aryans are the most dominant. One of the most controversial topics regarding the Indian
and Pakistani society and culture is the vast involvement of caste system (zat biradari) in our political culture. Other components of political culture
are how attitudes, beliefs, values and behavior relate to the political system. This comprises the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The offspring of ancestor belong to the same caste and collection of castes is called biradari.
Biradari literally meaning Brotherhood is the identified with group identities such as family, kinship, and caste and on a larger level membership in a
village faction. These collectively play a more important role in determining voting behavior rather than individual preferences.
Caste system has existed throughout history and throughout the world. In France as well as in Britain, if you're born into the working class you'll
probably stay there. One of the strongest patterns of Japanese history is its long domination by clans and their leaders.
Japanese pride themselves on their group orientation. Almost like a big family. Everyone has a place which has to be kept.
But the most well–known caste system today is in Indo–Pak Sub–Continent. Around one in 25 people in the world experiences some form of caste
discrimination; more than half of these are in India and Pakistan. This system dates almost 3600 years back and was formed on the need to form a
social order in ancient India but is still prevalent today in the

Cultural Values That Are Instilled Into Society By The...
Within the Japanese culture, one can find several cultural values that are instilled into society by the Japanese creation myth. The Japanese creation
myth begins with a man, Izanagi, and a woman, Izanami, on a bridge with the task of creating the land of Japan. After this task was completed, the two
walked in opposite directions on the newly formed land until they met in the middle. Once they met, the woman spoke first and then they procreated.
The offspring was a failure and they asked the gods why their attempts were not successful. The gods told them that it was because the woman spoke
first. The two walked around the land they created and met in the middle once again. This time the man spoke first and the procreation was successful.
After several births, the woman gave birth to a fire–child and she was burnt so severely she passed on to the underworld. The man chased after her and
when he found her decomposing body, he ran in terror. As he washed away his horrifying experience, several more children were born. One of these
was the ancestor of the ruling family of Japan. Japan's first ruler met a beautiful woman and asked for her hand in marriage. Her family granted the ruler
the woman and her sister. The ruler refused the sister, even though she could grant their children immortality, because of her ugliness (Philippi). From
this myth, the reader can gather that Japan values men over women, beauty, and obedience to authority. It is evident within the creation myth that

Symbolism In The Sound Of Waves By Yukio Mishima
In the novel, The Sound of Waves, by Yukio Mishima, the West's encroachment into the East is depicted allegorically. Mishima incorporates the
symbolism of the West's encroachment of the East in a multitude of ways. The author uses characterization to depict how Japanese life was affected by
Western culture after World War II. Minor characters such as Yasuo Kawamoto and Chiyoko symbolize the West, while theisland of Uta–Jima is a
symbol of Japan as a whole. The novel pits the ancient, traditional values of the island against the new, brash values of the West. Off the shores of
Uta–Jima, the author describes a world slowly succumbing to Western encroachment. The author depicts Shinji as the embodiment ofJapanese values
pre–World War II. Shinji is described as living an average islander life. He supports his family by fishing, something that men on the island have done
for generations. The author illustrates the ocean's importance to the island many times in the novel. Shinji believes the ocean "only brings the good and
right things that the island needs" (Mishima 53). The islanders' livelihood is heavily reliant on the ocean. The West, however, is not something that the
"island needs." Uta–Jima is described as being hardly touched by the West, and that is why "there's not a thief on... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Chiyoko represents the West's neutral impact, while Yasuo represents the West's negative impact. Mishima's depiction of how long
–established
Japanese values and customs were altered by the United States' involvement in Japan offers both a negative and positive viewpoint. Minor characters
such as Yasuo and Chiyoko were created to symbolize the Western encroachment on Japan. The small island described in the novel is an allegory for
the entire island chain of Japan. The author uses Uta–Jima to describe the West's slow chipping away at the culture he held so

Summary Of In Praise Of Shadows
Throughout author Jun'ichirЕЌ Tanizaki's In "Praise of Shadows", he expresses his firm belief that simplicity and contrast – common Japanese values –
have immense beauty, even as these elements become less common in a changing society. As the world around him shifts away from these values, and
more towards values of innovation and uniformity, he feels Japanese traditions deserve to remain appreciated and understood. As a result, Tanizaki
utilizes "shadows" to represent not only literal shadows but also the various traditions in Japanese culture that are becoming more underappreciated, as
time goes on. Similarly to shadows, these Japanese customs seem to go unnoticed and are no longer a significant aspect of everyday life. Tanizaki's use
of metaphors and repetition throughout "In Praise of Shadows" help to exemplify his high gratitude of traditional Japanese Culture. For many portions
of the essay, Tanizaki is praising the beauty of shadows within the world around him. This is quite prevalent in the section about gold. Although he
speaks often about how he doesn't enjoy the beauty of lustrous metals that shine aggressively, Tanizaki has a differing opinion when it comes to gold.
He beckons, "And surely you have seen, in the darkness of innermost rooms... how gold leaf... will pick up a distant glimmer..."(22). In this certain
lighting he feels the shine of gold is not aggressive, rather inviting; absorbing light in beautiful ways that seem almost impossible. Tanizaki

Reflection Paper On Japanese Garden
The Japanese gardens is going to be the basis of my reflection paper with regards to the topic on reconnaissance. The Japanese gardens are small
gardens with a certain unique landscape found especially in eastern japan. The Japanese gardens apart from being archaic, are existent to date. In
major countries in the world today, it is next to impossible to find practices that have existed to date bearing in mind the speedy population growth
(Harry). Moreover, japan being one of the most industrialized countries in the world, one would think that the population should be thinking of more
industrial expansion for the benefit of economic growth. Japan has however defied the odds by preserving their gardens not only for this generation but
also for the generations to come. This is something in my opinion that is of keen interest. There are certain elements that are depicted in the reading
that are depicted that makes it stand out as compared to the other three genres that were provided. First, their religious beliefs are automatically
depicted in their environment.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The art employed in its design is something that leaves a lot to be asked. The symbolism employed in its design such as the three stones to represent
Buddha and the raked sand to represent water flow is something that brings out the aesthetic value of the gardens. Beauty in its general meaning is not
just something or someone that looks good on the face of it. Beauty should be able to speak for itself in a way that can be understood not by anyone
but only by those whom it is designed to communicate to leaving the rest of the world guessing. The Japanese gardens have not failed under this
definition. They speak a lot on the Japanese culture but only the Japanese understand it. The rest of the world only marvel at its uniqueness while at the
same time understanding close to nothing on the very meaning of the Japanese gardens. That to me is

The Japanese Culture Of Japan
The Japanese are a nation with a culture influenced by many yet uniquely Japanese and connected to their past. They retain strong ties to their early
legends, religions, and traditions while continuing to progress with the rest of the world. With these ideas that have been passed down and preserved,
there have also been forms of dance and music that have been influenced by other countries, made uniquely Japanese, and continued through today.
The Japanese people as we know them today were not the original inhabitants of the land. The native people, the Ainu, were hunters and fishermen
closer in resemblance to Caucasians. There is now only a small group of them residing in the Northern section of Japan. The Japanese people are
believed, based on physical characteristics as well as language, to originate from central Asia. Movement from mainland Asia continued throughout the
history of Japan and played a large role in how their culture developed. The country consists of four large islands all of which are lush and
mountainous. The people of Japan have survived because of their developments in agriculture, supplemented by their fishing capabilities (Morton 6).
Japanese religious ideas and beliefs have a root in Shinto, a naturalistic religion with a focus in animism. Early Shinto legends express that the land
was created by, then inhabited by the gods Izanagi and Izanami. When Izanami died while giving birth to the Fire God, Izanagi went to the underworld
to retrieve her, only

Japanese Value Honor And Family
To say the Japanese culture value family is an understatement. To say they value honor is a no brainer. What many don't know is just how deep these
values go, as well as how often they are reflected in their literature. In the past the Japanese valued honor, now they call it saving face in our modern
times. Both terms mean the same thing and can be lost or earned almost the same way. The Japanese value honor andfamily, both are equally displayed
in various works of literature. The Tale of the Heike gives prime examples of how the Japanese honor others and themselves. The tale also shows how
the Japanese culture values family of their own as well as others.
Honor, when one hears the word your chin rises and you're eager to show your face. This is why today they use the term "saving face". Japanese
people ancient and modern are very big are bringing honor to one's self and family. The Heike were considered great samurai in ancient times, today
they are compared to businessmen. "The Japanese businessman is compared to a Samurai warrior" (Basics of Japanese Culture) like samurai they
used a mask to hide their identity, only after a battle was the winner able to reveal his opponents true identity. This is done in business today when two
business 's come into negotiations neither know what the other truly wants. Only after usually nonverbal cues and various questions worded in ways to
get their opponent to reveal themselves do they reveal the other business's desires or

Gm Hedging Strategies Yen

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to Gm Hedging Strategies Yen

Similar to Gm Hedging Strategies Yen (15)

More from Wendy Boyd

More from Wendy Boyd (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Gm Hedging Strategies Yen