FSCONS 2010 talk about how copyright and patents were created to deal with scarcity; in today’s world of creative and inventive abundance, we need neither. Freeing up knowledge for all to use would cause a positive feedback loop of creativity and invention.
The various movements based on digital openness – free software, open content, open data, open science, open government etc. – have made huge strides in recent years, and transformed many aspects of the modern world dramatically. But that is just the beginning. The key drivers of openness – the shift from analogue to digital, and global connectivity – imply much more: digital abundance. And that, in its turn, requires us to re-examine ancient intellectual monopolies born of analogue scarcity.
On July 4, the European Parliament voted by a huge majority to reject the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) in one of the most bitterly-fought political battles in recent years. Why did an apparently obscure trade agreement about counterfeits turn into a fight for the soul of the Internet – and a key moment for the future of European democracy?
This talk examines the origins of ACTA, and how it forms part of a larger attack on the Internet and on online freedom. It considers what ACTA’s defeat means for the Internet, digital activism and European politics.
The various movements based on digital openness – free software, open content, open data, open science, open government etc. – have made huge strides in recent years, and transformed many aspects of the modern world dramatically. But that is just the beginning. The key drivers of openness – the shift from analogue to digital, and global connectivity – imply much more: digital abundance. And that, in its turn, requires us to re-examine ancient intellectual monopolies born of analogue scarcity.
On July 4, the European Parliament voted by a huge majority to reject the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) in one of the most bitterly-fought political battles in recent years. Why did an apparently obscure trade agreement about counterfeits turn into a fight for the soul of the Internet – and a key moment for the future of European democracy?
This talk examines the origins of ACTA, and how it forms part of a larger attack on the Internet and on online freedom. It considers what ACTA’s defeat means for the Internet, digital activism and European politics.
Design and development of a web-based data visualization software for politic...Alexandros Britzolakis
Presenting a tool for identifying political popularity over Twitter. AthPPA (which stands for Athena Political Popularity Analysis) is a tool for identifying how popular a political leader is over Twitter. For the purposes of this dissertation the Twitter accounts of the most prominent Greek political leaders have been identified. Structured data such as likes, re-tweets, text-length per tweet as well as the number of subscribers per account have been visualized. Furthermore, sentiment analysis is calculated and visualized using spaCy module and a sentiment lexicon which contains a set of emotion based labeled words.
Chapter 11 of a university course in media history by Prof. Bill Kovarik, based on the book Revolutions in Communication: Media History from Gutenberg to the Digital Age (Bloomsbury, 2nd ed., 2015).
Quote’s
Definition
Why business ethics?
4P’s
Case Study-1 (Fraud)
Case Study-2 (Non Ethical Governance)
Case Study-3 (Good Ethics)
Promote Good Ethics
Our Responsibility
Conclusion
Design and development of a web-based data visualization software for politic...Alexandros Britzolakis
Presenting a tool for identifying political popularity over Twitter. AthPPA (which stands for Athena Political Popularity Analysis) is a tool for identifying how popular a political leader is over Twitter. For the purposes of this dissertation the Twitter accounts of the most prominent Greek political leaders have been identified. Structured data such as likes, re-tweets, text-length per tweet as well as the number of subscribers per account have been visualized. Furthermore, sentiment analysis is calculated and visualized using spaCy module and a sentiment lexicon which contains a set of emotion based labeled words.
Chapter 11 of a university course in media history by Prof. Bill Kovarik, based on the book Revolutions in Communication: Media History from Gutenberg to the Digital Age (Bloomsbury, 2nd ed., 2015).
Quote’s
Definition
Why business ethics?
4P’s
Case Study-1 (Fraud)
Case Study-2 (Non Ethical Governance)
Case Study-3 (Good Ethics)
Promote Good Ethics
Our Responsibility
Conclusion
This ppt is made to study the marketing ethics. This ppt will tell us about the various wrong practices in market and what should be sone to stop them. Who to complain and what to do.
Slide notes - Changes in media production and distribution which have led to ...Holly Grover
Slide / Speaking Notes for:
www.slideshare.net/htgrover/changes-in-media-production-and-distribution-which-have-led-to-the-development-of-creative-commons-17663413
Presentation licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 New Zealand Licence, however please note the images each have their own individual licence, as shown.
presentation given at South Tyrol Free Software Conference on November 18, 2011. It explores how the new world of abundance creates and requires new kinds of open, digital innovation. It also looks at some of the possible business models for companies based around open data.
Glyn Moody - Dark ages 2.0 - and a snigletglynmoody
The Internet is under attack . Fundamental aspects of it are under pressure - things like truth, expertise, knowledge, sharing and privacy. Librarians have a key role to play in fighting back. Here's how.
Glyn Moody - Trade deals: what are we trading away?glynmoody
Trade deals are proliferating. The claim is they boost economies. The reality is rather different, and the costs - especially for those in the farming sector - are high. Too high to accept, in fact.
Glyn Moody - The culture of freedom: free software, free speechglynmoody
Free software has achieved amazing things in many fields, one of which is open publishing. The application of the open source methodology to this sphere has created a new media force - one that has already had a massive impact on the world through its successful efforts to block the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) in the US. That, in its turn, helped people mobilise against the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) in 2012, which is now providing a template to resist the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP).
Open source has not only taken over most fields of computing, its methodology has spread to many other domains too. So are there any big challenges left for the next generation of coders? Edward Snowden's revelations indicate what needs to be done: adding strong crypto to a new generation of free software programs that give us back our freedom.
Glyn Moody TAFTA/TTIP talk at re:publica 14glynmoody
This short talk presents a brief background to the Transatlantic Trade & Investment Partnership (TTIP), also known as TAFTA, and explains why the predicted benefits are far smaller than are generally believed. It also explores an important but neglected aspect: the likely costs.
Glyn Moody - European Unitary Patent Court and software patentsglynmoody
Patents are not granted in Europe for computer programs "as such". But they are granted for the mysterious "computer-implemented inventions". Put that together with the imminent Unitary Patent Court that will allow companies in 25 EU countries to be sued using just a single patent, plus a shift from national jurisdictions to one overseen by the software patent-friendly European Patent Office, and you have a recipe for disaster. US-style patent trolls, which have cost the US economy hundreds of billions of dollars (details included) are probably coming to Europe soon.
Open access is now well over 10 years old. Its achievements are great and many, but the journey is only half complete. These slides explains where open access came from, what the problems are, and how they can be overcome to complete the open access revolution.
Glyn Moody - TAFTA/TTIP - trade, Internet and democracyglynmoody
the trade agreement currently being negotiated between the EU and US has major implications for the Internet and democracy, largely because of the likely inclusion of investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), which allows companies to sue nations for alleged loss of future profits. The net effect of this will be to place companies above national laws, and to create a chilling effect on legislation in the public interest.
Glyn Moody: from open source to open researchglynmoody
We are moving from closed, analogue innovation to an open, digital form. That was first seen with the creation of GNU/Linux, but is now driving exciting developments like open access, open data and open research.
This presentation was given at the European Parliament in the context of the announcement of Horizon 2020 research programme.
Talk given at OpenForum Europe 2011
The power and potential of openness becomes more evident every day. The (open) Internet, open source, open content, open data and open standards are all becoming more central to modern life.
But against that background of success, it is easy to take openness for granted. This talk will examine the main threats to openness, and suggest ways they can be mitigated.
Glyn Moody: The great prize: open innovationglynmoody
talk given at European Parliament, 31 May. Details here: http://www.greenmediabox.eu/archive/2011/05/31/innovation/ and http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2011/06/the-great-prize-innovating-without-monopolies/index.htm
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
2.
the wars
1971 – the war on drugs
1971 – the war on cancer
2001 – the war on terror
2010 – the war on digital sharing
3.
ACT(A) of war
Anti-Counterfeiting Trade
Agreement
US, EU, Japan + 7 others
negotiated in secret
analogue counterfeits; digital
piracy added later
HADOPI (.fr), Digital Economy Act
(.uk), similar ”3-strike” laws in
S.Korea, Taiwan, Finland
4.
the engines of war
collison between:
uncontrolled, decentralised
technologies designed to share:
the Internet
government-backed, centralised laws
designed to monopolise: copyright
and patents
fundamentally antagonistic
software code vs legal code
(TCP/)IP vs ”IP”
5.
Internet
relatively familiar
new: its history as a mass medium
is only 16 years old (Netscape
Navigator released October 1994)
perfect, near-instant, near-
frictionless, global replicator
of digital content
feature, not a bug
once a digital file is online
anywhere, it is effectively
ubiquitous and abundant
6.
”IP”
relatively obscure
”IP” is a bundling of totally
disparate things: copyright,
patents, trademarks etc.
nothing in common – except the fact
that they are time-limited,
government-granted monopolies
”IP” is a clever rebranding of
something generally deprecated
(monopoly) as something generally
approved (property)
7.
intellectual monopolies
”IP” a relatively recent invention
(1888)
World International Property
Organisation (WIPO) - 1967
Trade-Related Aspects of
Intellectual Property Rights
(TRIPS) - 1994
but patents and copyright are
medieval monopolies
8.
anglophone bias: an apology
personal reasons
historical reasons
practical reasons
*good* reasons
war on digital sharing is being
driven by the US, whose law is
based on the English tradition
9.
letters patent
issued by monarch to grant
monopoly for particular industry
called ”patent” because not sealed
– early ”open source” law
first English patent granted a 20-
year monopoly to Flemish stained-
glassmaker (1449)
”pirating” skills from continent
afterwards, knowledge released
later abused: patents on salt,
etc.
10.
Statute of Monopolies
1624
”making of any manner of new
manufactures within this realm to
the true and first inventor”
”which others at the time of making
such letters patents and grants
shall not use”
”so as also they be not contrary to
the law nor mischievous to the
state by raising prices of
commodities at home, or hurt of
trade, or generally inconvenient”
11.
inventive scarcity
patent law was framed in a world
with few inventors, and few
inventions
monopoly was offered
to attract foreign master craftsman
to make technical knowledge freely
available after monopoly expired
to stimulate local industries
to encourage more inventions
12.
inventive abundance
today, we live in an abundance of
inventors and invention, as the
creaking patent system shows
in 2009, 482,871 patent
applications filed with USPTO;
135,000 in Europe
abundance creates patent thickets
that impede progress, rather than
promoting it
most evident with software patents
13.
software patents
abstract – patent of maths/idea
obvious – Wang's overlapping
frames/windows
trivial – Amazon's 1-click
ridiculously wide
”system for reproducing information
in material objects at a point of
sale location” (1985)
used to sue generic e-commerce
sites
14.
software patent problems
most litigated – causing much of
the backlog of cases in US
3% in 1984, 26% in 2002
for 1996-1999, the total cost of
litigating software patents in US
was $3,888 million per year
total US profit attributable to sw
patents annually was $100 million
software patents = overall net
loss
15.
why have software patents?
patent infringement lawsuits
entrench incumbents' position
raise barriers to entry for
newcomers
make innovation harder
ACTA is all about *strengthening*
enforcement of intellectual
monopolies, including patents
raise barriers to entry higher,
reduce innovation further,
disadvantage developing countries
16.
”copy right”
in 16th
and 17th
century England,
the Stationers' Company had
exclusive and perpetual state
monopoly over producing copies
every registered book (their
”copy right”)
aim was to *control* what was
printed by establishing
responsibility – instrument of
censorship
17.
Statute of Anne (1710)
”An Act for the Encouragement of
Learning, by Vesting the Copies
of Printed Books in the Authors
or Purchasers of such Copies,
during the Times therein
mentioned.”
gave limited monopoly (14 years +
14 year extension) to authors or
publishers (”purchasers”)
quid pro quo was book entered
public domain after that period
18.
US copyright law
US Constitution (1787) Section 8
To promote the Progress of Science
and useful Arts, by securing for
limited Times to Authors and
Inventors the exclusive Right to
their respective Writings and
Discoveries;
US Copyright Act (1790)
An Act for the encouragement of
learning, by securing the
copies...during the times therein
mentioned. (14+14)
19.
copyright then and now (1)
originally: books
now: books, maps, charts,
engravings, prints, musical
compositions, dramatic works,
photographs, paintings, drawings,
sculptures, films, sound
recordings, choreography and
architectural works
20.
copyright then and now (2)
originally: 14 years + optional 14
years extension
public domain relatively soon after
first appearance
public domain included recent books
now: UK, US, Sweden etc.: life +
70 years
public domain hugely impoverished
no longer have free access to
creation of our contemporaries
21.
copyright then and now (3)
then: analogue
now: analogue *and* digital
adds computers and the Internet
into the mix
22.
copyright infringement then
analogue publishing of an
unauthorised copy required:
somebody to typeset the text
somebody to print the sheets
somebody to bind the book
somebody to distribute the book
23.
copyright infringement now
digital publishing of an
unauthorised copy requires
digital content (CD, DVD, ebook,
etc.)
a computer + (free) software
an Internet connection
they've been available for years:
why the war on digital sharing
*now*?
it's all about abundance...
24.
of CDs...
first CD appeared in 1982
without any kind of copy protection
because it was impossible to copy
the CD's 700 Mbytes of data: the
1983 IBM PC XT had a 10 Mbytes
hard disc – less than one song
similarly impossible to share it
across the Internet: the Hayes
Smartmodem, released in 1981, had
a speed of 300 bits/s – about 400
hours to upload one song
25.
...and MP3s
developed in early 1990s, just as
Internet was taking off
used clever tricks to reduce music
file size to 10% of original –
reduced time to upload file by
factor of 10
modem speed then 14.4 Kbit/s
(Netscape Navigator was optimised
for this speed) – less than one
hour to upload/download one MP3
song: slow, but possible
26.
today
Mbit/s broadband connection means
that entire films can now be
shared
P2P networks like BitTorrent make
it even easier to distribute
those files and share them in the
background
1 Terabyte hard disc (1000 Gbytes)
costs 50 euros; stores 150,000
MP3s
27.
tomorrow
gigabit/s connections will
transmit 1000s of mp3 files
anywhere in seconds
a 1 Petabyte (1000 Terabytes) USB
stick will cost 50 euros and
store every song ever recorded
a 1 Exabyte hard disc (1000
Petabytes) will cost 50 euros and
store every film ever recorded
28.
unless
the content industries win the war
on digital sharing through
increasingly Draconian
legislation - ACTA 2.0, ACTA 3.0
if they do, they will err towards
too much enforcement – already
seen with DMCA abuse
as a result, much less will be
shared freely, and much more
content will be paid for
29.
●would that be so bad?
maybe not – for you and me
maybe not - for those who can
afford to pay
but...
30.
what about the others?
what about the billions that can't
afford it?
what about the 4 billion that
don't even have access to the
Internet?
double obstacle to overcome:
they must get connected
they must then pay for access to
the world's knowledge
31.
●what if the war on digital
sharing is ”lost”?
every person on this planet with
Net access could obtain a copy of
every digital artefact – text,
image, sound, video - ever
created
could give access to practically
all human knowledge, to anyone
with a Net connection – not just
the developed world, or the rich
shouldn't we hope for this Pyrrhic
”defeat”?
32.
back to basics
copyright not about preserving the
West's grip on content
copyright not about protecting old
business models
copyright not about defending
authors' or publishers' ”rights”
copyright is about ”the
Encouragement of Learning”
33.
creative scarcity
copyright was framed in a world of
creative *scarcity*: few authors
producing few books
designed to encourage more authors
to write more books, and for
publishers to print them
because the process was
complicated and costly, and
incentives were needed
34.
creative abundance
today, we live in a world of
creative abundance
the Internet liberates creativity
by removing barriers to
publication
anyone with an Internet connection
can create and publish for near-
zero cost
incentives are no longer needed
35.
the virtuous circle
today, the optimum way of
”encouraging learning” is to free
it up for the billions who
currently have little access to
it
educating them through access to
knowledge will feed back even
more creativity into the system
self-fuelling, positive feedback
36.
but
”nobody has the right to diminish
my copyright in this way”
but society *does* have that right
- just as it had the right to
strengthen copyright, repeatedly,
by extending its range and its
term
society might well decide changed
circumstances require *reduced*
copyright terms
37.
the precedent (1)
for those who insist that simply
can't be done, there is a
historical precedent: the first-
sale doctrine
rights to control the change of
ownership of a particular copy
end once that copy is sold
society decided this was a fair
and reasonable limitation for the
sake of balance
38.
the precedent (2)
those who talk of ”IP” compare
copyright infringement with
trespass
in 20th
century, law on trespass
radically limited by taking away
airspace rights
"every transcontinental flight
would subject the operator to
countless trespass suits"
39.
digital airspace
we need to allow copies to pass
freely through the associated
digital space ”above” analogue
objects, just as planes can pass
freely through airspace above
private property
if not, the war on digital sharing
becomes a war on the ability of
the mind to connect, to share, to
collaborate freely online
40.
ethical copyright?
copyright was originally 14 years
+ 14 years; the copyright
”ratchet” has been moving it up
to 70 years + life
the ratchet went the wrong way –
should have decreased the term of
copyright as more creators
arrived, less incentive needed
for analogue content, perhaps
bring it back to 14 years
41.
Internet time
what about digital content?
famously, one calendar year is
seven Internet years
digital content lives on Internet
time, so for that, should measure
copyright on Internet time
14 Internet years = 2 calendar
years
42.
ethical patents?
what about patents?
as for copyright, there are two
kinds of patents: analogue and
digital
analogue patents operate on
calendar time, so leave the term
of 20 years (as it was in 1449)
digital patents – software patents
– block innovation
abolish them
43.
ethical intellectual
monopolies?
are ”ethical copyright” and
”ethical patents” a contradiction
in terms?
perhaps need to abolish both
completely to allow all knowledge
to be shared freely, to let
humanity soar
growing evidence that's not only
ethically right, but economically
possible