The attachment gives a brief outline of glycolic acid, its imports and exports details and Indian manufacturers

2. CLEANING
 Household & Institutional Cleaning
 Concrete Cleaners & Removers
 Dairy & Food Equipment Cleaners
 Industrial Water & Boiler System Cleaners
 Metal Cleaning & Finishing
MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS
 Cosmetics and Personal Care(medicines for skin and anti-aging)
 Oil Field & Petro Refining
 Leather Dyeing & Tanning
 Industrial Chemical Manufacturing
 Water Treatment & Water Well Stimulation
 High Purity Electronics & Semiconductor Processing

3. With the ability to chelate metal salts, Glycolic Acid fulfills many
unique roles in a wide range of industries.
 It is an extremely versatile liquid that is safer to handle, easy to use
and offers numerous additional benefits, including low corrosion to most
common metals, negligible odor, low toxicity and non-flammability.
The dual functionality of Glycolic Acid - acid and alcohol - on a very
small molecule, makes it a particularly useful organic intermediate.
 Compatible with many additives, it is soluble in water, easy to rinse
and environmentally friendly, biodegrading at a rate of 89% in 7 days.

4. The unique combination of properties of Glycolic Acid makes it the
ideal cleaner for maintaining tools, equipment and vehicles.

5. The high water solubility and small molecular size of Glycolic Acid
allows it to penetrate deep inside concrete residues and react from within.
 It is this unique combination of properties that make it the ideal
cleaner for maintaining tools, equipment and vehicles.
Because of its less corrosive nature, Glycolic Acid can be used on most
metal, painted and plastic surfaces without any concern for etching or
damage.
 Additionally, biodegradable Glycolic Acid is easier to dispose of than
other cleaning agents such as hydrochloric or phosphoric acid

6. Particularly effective at dissolving casein, the milk protein found in
milk stone, Glycolic Acid also helps decrease process downtime by
dissolving calcium carbonate and iron oxide scales faster than phosphoric
acid.
The resulting salts are highly water soluble versus insoluble
phosphates.
Essentially chloride free, Glycolic Acid is readily biodegradable, non-volatile
and will not cause stainless steel stress-cracking associated with
hydrochloric acid.

7. Glycolic Acid specifically for Electronics applications.
This product combines the unique properties of Glycolic Acid with
low ppb level trace metal content.
It is suitable for a new generation of wafer processing.
The attributes of good complexing and aqueous ions, low
corrosion rates and an efficient pH adjustment profile among the other
many attributes of Glycolic Acid, make it an attractive building block in
many semiconductor manufacturing applications

8. Glycolic Acid has one of the smallest organic molecules with both acid and
alcohol functionality, resulting in unique chemical attributes. Occurring
naturally in sugarcane, beets, grapes and fruits, DuPont synthesizes the
product through a purpose built manufacturing process.
Salts & Complexes
Oxidation & Reduction
Ester Formation
Reaction with Organic Amines

9. Glycolic Acid uses both the hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups to
form five-member ring complexes (chelates) with polyvalent metals.
 This complexing ability is useful in dissolution of hard-water scale
and prevention of deposition, especially in cleaning applications where
rinsibility is a factor.
 Glycolic Acid readily forms typical salts with active metals, metal
oxides and bases.

10. Glycolic Acid undergoes typical oxidation reactions to give
glyoxylic acid and oxalic acid, and reduction reactions with active
metals to form acetic acid.

11. Glycolic Acid undergoes reactions with organic alcohols and acids
to form esters.
 Computer simulations and laboratory studies of solvency suggest
that the low molecular weight alkyl glycolic esters have unusual
solvency properties and may be used as a substitute for n- and iso-propanol,
ethylenediamine, phenol, m-cresol, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate (EE
acetate), and ethyl and methyl lactate.
Higher molecular weight alkyl esters can be used in personal care
product formulations.
Glycolic Acid reacts with itself to form dimeric glycolide, head-to-tail
polyester oligomers and long-chain polymers.
 Copolymers can be made with other alpha hydroxy acids like
lactic acid.
 Polyester polymers gradually hydrolyze in aqueous
environments at controllable rates, making them useful in biomedical
applications such as dissolvable sutures and wherever controlled acid
release is needed to reduce pH.

12. Glycolic Acid removes hard water scale deposits (calcium, iron,
magnesium, manganese salts) by forming water soluble complexes
(chelates) which are easily rinsed away.
 Containing no phosphates, its ready biodegradability prevents
accumulation in the environment.
Glycolic Acid improves the efficiency of feeds, vapor flashing and
activated-carbon bed equipment in ground water remediation systems and
heat exchange efficiency in cooling towers.
 A mixture of Glycolic Acid and formic acid is fast and effective for
cleaning high pressure stainless steel steam generators.

13. Glycolic Acid is ideal for use in the leather industry where grain is
important and high quality desired.
In tanning, it is extremely efficient for bath pH adjustment, particularly
in the production of sole leather and other vegetable tannings. Its sodium
salt is effective as a masking agent. In deliming, Glycolic Acid penetrates
hides rapidly, frequently reducing operations time.
 It improves grain quality by eliminating excessive pelt swelling that
can cause wrinkles and reduce tear resistance.
 In pickling, Glycolic Acid forms metal complexes with chrome and alum
mordants which are beneficial in both fur and leather finishing.
 In dyeing, Glycolic Acid requires lower usage than volatile agents like
acetic acid.
 There are no corrosive fumes upon heating and maintenance of PH
levels is made easier.

14. Glycolic Acid is highly effective for copper and aluminum finishing and
metal cleaning applications, including boilers and heat exchangers.
Essentially chloride free, it can also be used for stainless steel without stress-cracking.
There are many metal cleaning applications in the electronics
manufacturing industry which should be considered.
Glycolic Acid readily dissolves carbonate, oxide and most casein scales.
 With the pH level of a 4% solution in water below 2.0, Glycolic Acid
emits little corrosive fuming when hot, and 70% concentrate can be quickly
diluted to any desired strength with water.
Glycolic Acid is compatible with additives, including surfactants,
biocidal agents, corrosion inhibitors.

15. Glycolic Acid ensures economical cleaning by providing low-cost
metal complexing in a readily biodegradable form that will not add
potentially undesirable Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) or Chemical
Oxygen Demand (COD) to formulated products.
It can be used with hydrochloric or sulfamic acids to prevent iron
precipitation in cleaning operations or water flooding
NSF-certified with low odor, low vapor pressure and non-flammability,
Glycolic Acid can effectively eliminate harmful deposits while
minimizing corrosion damage to steel or copper piping systems… and all
with safety in handling and ease of use.

16. Glycolic Acid is certified by the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF)
for use in cleaning potable water wells.
 It is used widely to rehabilitate the flow efficiency of water wells by
enabling water-soluble compounds (chelates) to be easily rinsed away with
low corrosion to metal parts.
 Glycolic Acid removes hard water scale (calcium, magnesium,
manganese salts), various iron deposits and polysaccharide deposits.
Organic wastes are easily handled as Glycolic Acid biodegrades
rapidly.
 It is an easy to handle liquid with low toxicity, low odor, is non-flammable
and has negligible fumes.

19. Mehul Dye Chem Industries
Shree Mahakali Dyes & chemicals
Shree Ram Industries