ICTs such as the internet, mobile phones, and digital technologies have eroded barriers of time and space, allowing for swift global communication flows. ICTs play an important role in globalization by facilitating the sharing of information worldwide and enabling real-time interaction across borders. While ICTs can promote development by increasing access to information, a digital divide still exists between developed and developing nations in infrastructure and skills. Both positive and negative consequences can arise from increased global media, including greater connectivity but also risks of exclusion.

1. GLOBALIZATION &
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGIES (ICTs)
LECTURE 3

2. POINTS TO COVER
1. What are some of the ways that ICTs have
facilitated globalization process?
2. What kinds of information skills are needed to be
personally, professionally, and academically
successful in the Information Age?
3. What factors contribute to the existence of digital
devices both within specific countries and between
developed and developing countries?
4. How might ICTs facilitate development?
5. What are some of the potentially positive and
potentially negative consequences of the
globalization media?

3. WHAT ARE ICTs?
ICTs are the services, platforms, and
devices that have eroded the barriers of
time and space, making swift and efficient
international communication flows
possible.

4. Types of ICTs
Digital technologies and infrastructure and products that
facilitate the acquisition, storage, analysis, manipulation, and
distribution of information.
Other technologies that enable collection, processing,
transmission, and presentation of information in a number of
ways including voice, data, text, images, video, and
animation.
3 dominant ICT technologies: PC, cell-phone/mobile,
internet
ICT also includes webcams, email, DVDs, flash memory,
hard drives, servers, and networks, soft-wares.
ICTs ~ digital technologies that have rapidly changed the
world

5. WHAT ARE THE ROLES OF ICTs IN
GLOBALIZATION PROCESS?

6. ROLES OF ICTs IN GLOBALIZATION PROCESS
ICT eroded the constraints of time and space- necessary
perquisite to the formation of global economy “with the
capacity to work as a unit in real time, or chosen time, on
a planetary scale”.
ICT reflects the convergence of communications- ability
to deliver a variety of media and communication services
(e.g.: Cell phones are not simply telecommunications
devices; they allow us to play game, download
information, surf net, listen to music, watch video, etc)
ICTs allow people to share information and to
communicate with each other at any time in any place,
extend human interaction, allowing people who are
dispersed in space and time to act in response to events
taking place in distant locales.

7. The Information Age
The information age~ proliferation of information and ability to
transfer, share, and instantly access information.
Many consider it begun in the last 20yrs of 20th century and
expedited in mid 90s by the widespread and development of
internet (though it has a long history dated back to 1962).
1440, Johannes Gutenberg developed printing press: allows
news and knowledge to spread across EU faster
1998: Larry Page and Sergey Brin co-found Google: increase in
the availability of information
Internet provides various forums for people to express their
ideas, to build consensus, to debate and to vote, to share, to
comment on a number of spaces (wikis, chat forums, blogs, etc.)

8. Global ICT development

9. Internet users in the World
(source:
www.internetworldstats.com/emarketing.htm)
NUMBER OF USERS
% WORLD
POPULATION
Dec. 1995
16millions
0.4%
Dec. 1996
36 millions
0.9%
Dec. 1997
70 millions
1.7%
Dec. 1998
147millions
3.6%
Dec. 1999
248millions
4.1%
Dec. 2000
361millions
5.8%
Aug., 2001
513 millions
8.6%
Sept., 2002
587 millions
9.4%
Dec. 2003
719 millions
11.1%
Dec. 2004
817 millions
12.7%
Dec. 2005
1,018 millions
15.7%
Dec. 2006
1,093 millions
16.7%
Dec, 2007
1,319 millions
20.0%
Dec, 2008
1,574 millions
23.5%
Dec. 2009
1,802 millions
26.6%
June, 2010
1,966 millions
28.7 %
DATE

11. Internet users per 100 inhabitants

12. ICTs in households

13. Global number of internet users by
development status

14. Mobile telephony

15. Mobile cellular telephone
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

16. Mobile signal coverage

17. Global village- MacLuhan (1962)
 The global village suggests that the globalization of communication media has
brought the whole world closer together, like a village in which everyone is.
 Global village closes the gap between countries, as an event experienced in
one part of the world could be witnessed from other parts in no time at all. it
establishes the image of a world where everyone is able to speak freely and
information can be shared across borders. (Source: Peter Hirshberg TED Talk:
The Web and TV, a sibling rivalry (2007)
 McLuhan chose the insightful
phrase "global village" to highlight
his observation that an electronic
nervous system (the media)
was rapidly integrating the planet
events in one part of the world
could be experienced from other
parts in real-time, which is
what human experience was
like when we lived in
small villages

18. The digital divide
Digital divide: Unequal access to physical ICTs, such as computers,
mobile phones, and internet access, as well as to imbalances in the
education and experience needed to develop information and
technology skills.
Global digital divide: disparities in technology access and use
between countries or global regions.
(Human Development Report, 1999): WWW not only connects but also
excludes, providing the connected with ever greater advantages:
“The network society is creating parallel communications systems:
one for those with income, education and – literally- connections,
giving
plentiful information at low cost and high speed; the other
for those
without connections, blocked by high barriers of time, cost
and
uncertainty and dependent on outdated information.”

21. HHs with internet access, by region

24. Global mobile subscriptions by
development status

26. Top 10 countries with the lowest
ICT prices

27. ICT Development indextop 5 per region

28. Where is Vietnam?
Measuring the Information Society- The ICT Development Index
Fixed
telephone
line per
100
inhabitant
s
Mobile
cellular
subscription
s per 100
inhab.
International
internet
bandwidth
per internet
user (bit/s)
Proportion
of H/Hs with
computer
Propostion
of H.Hs with
internet
Fixed
telephone
line per 100
inhabitants
Mobile
cellular
subscription
s per 100
inhab.
International
internet
bandwidth
per internet
user (bit/s)
Propostion
of H/Hs with
computer
Propostion
of H.Hs with
internet
2002
2007
2002
2007
2002
2007
2002
2007
2002
2007
Sweden
62.5
60.4
89.0
113.7
14,962
62,484
75.0
83.0
66.0
79.0
United
States
65.3
53.4
48.9
83.5
2,208
15,341
59.0
70.2
52.0
61.7
China
16.6
27.5
16.0
41.2
159
1,735
10.2
39.1
5.0
16.4
Vietnam
4.9
32.7
2.4
27.2
95
704
2.6
10.1
0.6
5.0

29. Internet in Asia- top 10 countries

30. Conclusion
ICTs encompasses the digital technologies and
infrastructure that have facilitated globalization
processes.
ICTs are the services, platforms, and devices that
have eroded the barriers of time and space, making
swift and efficient international communication flows
possible.
The important role of ICTs in poverty reduction
Efforts needed to provide people around the world
access to the information and communication tools
that can enhance their chances of achieving their
goals for themselves, their families and their
communities.
Convergence process of devices (mobile devices)
making media forms changing

31. Tutorial Questions
 What are some of the ways that
information and communication
technologies have facilitated globalization
processes?
 How might information and
communication technologies facilitate
development?
 What are some of the potentially positive
and negative consequences of the
globalization of media?