The document discusses globalization, defined as the integration of social, cultural, economic, and technological aspects among countries. It contrasts internationalization with social, political, and cultural dimensions of globalization, as well as early capitalist ideas and the role of organizations like the WTO. Key concepts include core countries, periphery nations, and dependency, highlighting the disparities in development and influence in the global landscape.

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Globalization

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3.  Globalization- the process of social, culture, economic, and
technological integration among countries around the world.
 It describes the way countries and people of the
world interact and integrate. Globalization has
many sides and can be economic, political and/or
cultural
 Internationalization - the process of business crossing nation
al and cultural border
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5.  Social :A measure of how easily information and ideas pass
between people in their own country and between different
countries(include access to internet and social media network)
 political: The amount of political cooperation there is
between countries
cultural: Dominance of one culture over others
 Hollywood movies, MacDonald’s, Disneyland, Starbucks
 Dominance of the English language and invasion of other
languages
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6. EARLY CAPITALIST IDEAS:
1. “Free Market Economy” (Adam Smith, Wealth of Nations,
1776)
Market is “free” from State control
2. Division of labor
3. Competition
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7. TODAY:
Economies Are Increasingly Linked Together
WTO (World Trade Organization)
 Only global international organization dealing with the rules
of trade between nations
 Goal: help producers of goods and services, exporters, and
importers conduct their business
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8.  Background: Modernization theory
 An evolutionary theory predicting how societies develop
◦ Argument: All societies naturally pass through certain
stages of development
 All societies start out as “traditional” hunter-gatherers
 Then, they develop agriculture; towns & cities grow
 Eventually, they become “modern” industrial societies
◦ Movement from one stage to the next is driven by things
like population growth & new technologies
 Society becomes more complex; greater division of labor.
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9.  Key concepts:
 Core: the rich, developed countries
 Also: west; metropolitan countries; developed world
 Periphery: poor, dependent nations
 Also: underdeveloped countries; satellites;
dependencies
 Semi-periphery: semi-industrialized countries
 Dependency: The vulnerable state of being exploited by
core countries
 They depend on the core for trade, investment, loans,
technology, etc. (related term: underdevelopment).
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