The document discusses global warming, its causes such as burning fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions from activities like agriculture and industry. This leads to higher concentrations of greenhouse gases trapping infrared radiation in the atmosphere and causing a greenhouse effect that has warmed the planet by about 0.6°C since the late 19th century. The rising temperatures cause more extreme weather events and affect human health, agriculture, sea level rise and vulnerable coastal regions. The document recommends actions by governments and individuals to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions through renewable energy, recycling, and more sustainable practices.

2. Global Warming
An average increase in the
temperature of the
atmosphere near the
Earth’s surface and in the
troposphere, which can
contribute to changes in
global climate patterns

3. Causes
Burning of fossil fuels (Coal/Crude oil)
Power plants generate electricity
Transportation-----fuels for transports (E.g. LPG,
kerosene, fuel oil)
Industrial processes (E.g. manufacture of
cement, steel, alluminium)

4. Causes
Other greenhouse
gases emission
Agriculture
Forestry
Other land uses
Waste management

5. Example : Using natural gas to cook
CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O

6. SERIOUS GREENHOUSE
EFFECT
Greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere
↓
Some infrared radiation is
trapped
↓
Greenhouse effect

8. increased about 0.6°C since the late19th
century
increased to 2°C over the past 25 years

9. Regions that have temperatures (1-3°C)
warmer than the average:
United States
Most of the Europe
Regions that have temperatures (1-3°C)
cooler than the average:
Australia

10. rising at an average rate
of 1 - 2 mm/year over
the past 100 years

12. Increase in average temperature
More extreme heat waves during the summer;
Less extreme cold spells during the winter
Harmful to those with heart problems, asthma,
the elderly, the very young and the homeless

13. Heat waves; Cold waves; Storms; Floods and
Droughts
Global warming
An increase in the frequency of extreme events
More event-related deaths, injuries, infectious
diseases, and stress-related disorders

14. An increase in the concentration of
ground-level ozone
Damage lung tissue
Harmful for those with asthma and
other chronic lung diseases

15. Rising temperatures and variable precipitation
Decrease the production of staple foods in
many of the poorest regions
Increasing risks of malnutrition

16. Rising sea levels
Increase the risk of coastal flooding
(Necessitate population displacement)
More than half of the world's population now lives within
60km of the sea.
Most vulnerable regions: Nile delta in Egypt, the Ganges-
Brahmaputra delta in Bangladesh, many small islands, such as
the Maldives, the Marshall Islands and Tuvalu.

17. Government
* set some laws to limit the amount of
pollutants produced by factories
* develop the skills of using renewable
fuels, e.g. solar energy, wind energy

18. * encourage the factories to replace fossil fuels by
renewable fuels, which would not cause
environmental pollution
* carry out energy saving scheme → reduce the
pollution produced by burning fossil fuels
* build more plants → reduce the pollutants e.g. CO2

19. Citizens
* reduce the use of plastic bags →
as burning plastic emit CH4
* recycle the resources, e.g. plastic
* reduce the use of sprays →
as CFCs would be emitted out

20. * reduce the use of air-conditioner, which will emit
CFCs
* use public transportation instead of private cars →
reduce the pollutants emitted by cars