This document discusses the causes and effects of global warming. It begins by defining global warming as a gradual increase in Earth's temperatures due to increased greenhouse gases from human activities like burning fossil fuels. While the greenhouse effect was initially beneficial for regulating Earth's temperature, human pollution has now made it a curse. The major greenhouse gases are then identified as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, ozone, and water vapor. The document goes on to describe some of the effects of global warming, such as rising sea levels submerging land, more frequent extreme weather like droughts and wildfires, damage to coral reefs, and negative impacts on human health.

1. MADE BY- RISHABH DEV PANDEY
CLASS – IX-A
ROLL.NO- 27

2. What is Global Warming?
 Global Warming is a gradual increase in the
overall temperature of the earth's atmosphere
generally attributed to the greenhouse effect
caused by increased levels of carbon dioxide,
CFCs, and other pollutants.

3.  Is Green House Effect a Boon or Curse ?
 Yes, Green House Effect is a Boon. As in this
process the Earth traps the heat which makes
conditions suitable for living.
 If Green House Effect wasn’t there on this planet
then it would be uninhabitable, frozen wasteland.
But also it has now become a Curse!!!!!. As, since
people have started to use Fossil Fuels to run cars,
trucks, planes, etc. And due to this, the temperature
of earth has risen.

4. GREEN HOUSE GASES
 A greenhouse gas is a gas in an atmosphere
that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal
infrared range. This process is the fundamental cause of
the greenhouse effect.
 The primary greenhouse gases are:
Carbon dioxide
Methane
Ozone
Nitrous oxide
Water Vapours

5.  Carbon dioxide:
• combustion of solid waste, fossil fuels (oil, natural gas, and coal), and wood and wood
products.
 Anthropogenic increase: 30%
 Average atmospheric residence time: 500 years
 Methane:
• production and transport of coal, natural gas, and oil. Methane emissions also result
from the decomposition of organic wastes in municipal solid waste landfills, and the
raising of livestock.
 Anthropogenic increase: 145%
 Average atmospheric residence time: 7-10 years
 Nitrous oxide:
• agricultural and industrial activities, as well as during combustion of solid waste and
fossil fuels.
 Anthropogenic increase: 15%
 Average atmospheric residence time: 140-190 years
 Water Vapours:
• Water Vapour is the most powerful Greenhouse gas. If there is a cloud cover, the heat is
trapped by water vapour as a greenhouse gas.

10. has heated up by about one degree
Fahrenheit over the past century.
Before After
TEMPERATURE

11. One degree not a big deal?
Consider this.....

12. In global average
temperatures
between modern
times and the last
Ice age

13. Was only about 9 degrees Fahrenheit!!!!!!
Chinais the # 1 global warming polluter in the world.
It has been given this title because it uses its advance
technology and system due to which pollution occurs.
It has created problems everywhere i.e. land, water, soil, air
, etc pollutions.

14. Effects of Global Warming
 Due to increase in temperature the arctic ice is rapidly
disappearing. Polar bears and indigenous cultures are
already suffering from the sea-ice loss.
 The glaciers on the mountains have started
disappearing.

15. CORAL REEFS

16.  Coral reefs which are highly sensitive to small changes
in water temperatures. They suffered the worst bleaching
or die off in response to stress ever recorded in 1998.
 People who are polluting the environment should know
that they are also playing with the future of their next
generation.
Before After

17. FOOD & DROUGHT

18.  The first half of 2012's historic drought saw more than
80 percent of the country in abnormally dry or drought
conditions in mid-July.
 Drought of course threatens our water and food
supplies and is driving up the cost of everything from
corn to milk. Unfortunately, drought conditions are
expected to become the new for many parts of the
country if we don’t do more to address climate change.
 India and other countries will face higher risks of water
shortages by mid-century as the result of global
warming.

19. Some states in India are developing comprehensive
drought monitoring programs and emergency water
supplies, and is implementing ways to increase water
storage capacity for times of drought.
There are solutions to addressing the effects of drought.
For one thing, we can stop wasting so much water, and
energy that's required to pump it around.

20. HEALTH

21.  Extreme heat in the first half of 2012 killed more than
1000 people.
 If we don't do more to reduce fossil fuel emissions and other
heat-trapping greenhouse gases that are making heat waves
more intense, more than 150,000 additional people around
the world could die by the end of this century due to
excessive heat.
Heat-related death is just one deadly
side effect of extreme weather tied to
climate change. Extreme storms can
cause drowning, contaminate drinking
water and result in outbreaks of
infectious diseases.

22.  Heat and ozone smog increases respiratory diseases
such as asthma and worsens the health of people
suffering from cardiac or pulmonary disease.
 There are solutions to address the health
effects of climate change. For starters, we need our
lawmakers to quit ignoring climate change and start
limiting carbon pollution that is heating our
planet and increasing the intensity of extreme weather.

23. FLOODING

24.  Tropical Storm Debby brought record rainfall and extreme
flooding to Florida in the first half of 2012, killing at least
seven people, destroying more than 100 homes and causing
tens of millions of dollars in damage to beaches, businesses
and homes.
 But 2012's flooding is just part of the trend. Some of the
most disastrous flooding in the United States has occurred
in recent years. In 2011, rainfall in the Ohio Valley was nearly
300 percent of normal, flooding the Mississippi River and
causing $3 billion in damage and 7 deaths.

25.  Hurricane Irene, meanwhile caused 45 deaths and
nearly $10 billion in damage, much of it from flooding.
 Between more intense rainstorms and sea level rise,
flooding will only increase if we don't address climate
change. Some cities and states are taking steps to
address climate change-related water issues, but many
more have yet to begin.

26. WILDFIRE

27. Climate change will make hotter temperatures and
longer dry seasons in summer create conditions that
can lead to more frequent wildfires.
• Exposure to wildfire smoke can cause serious health
problems, such as asthma attacks and pneumonia, and
can worsen chronic heart and lung diseases.
• People with respiratory problems like asthma or with
heart disease are particularly vulnerable, as are people
living in areas with high levels of particulate pollution
from roadways and industrial sources.

28.  The very youngest are also at risk: lower birth weights
are found among babies born to mothers exposed to
wildfire smoke during pregnancy. Even otherwise-
healthy people may experience minor symptoms, such
as sore throats and itchy eyes.
 Because smoke can harm respiratory health for millions
more people in addition to the thousands affected
directly by wildfires, action is needed to prepare
communities to react quickly when wildfires do occur.

29. SEA LEVEL

30.  Two major mechanisms are causing sea level to rise:
 First:, shrinking land ice, such as mountain glaciers
and polar ice sheets, is releasing water into the oceans.
Second:, as ocean temperatures rise, the warmer water
expands.
 The consequences of sea level rise include:
 High tides and storm surges riding on ever-higher seas
are more dangerous to people and coastal
infrastructure.
1983 2011

31.  Natural protections against damaging storm surges
are increasingly threatened. Barrier islands, beaches,
sand dunes, salt marshes, mangrove stands, and mud
and sand flats retreat inland as sea level rises, unless
there are obstructions along the retreat path. If they
cannot move, these natural protections are washed
over or drowned.
 Many shorelines have sea walls, jetties, and other
artificial defences to protect roads, buildings, and
other vital coastal resources. In these areas, sea-level
rise increases erosion of stranded beaches, wetlands,
and engineered structures.

32. Sea-level rise can mean that saltwater intrudes into
groundwater drinking supplies, contaminates
irrigation supplies, or overruns agricultural fields.
Low-lying, gently sloping coastal areas are particularly
vulnerable to contamination of freshwater supplies.

33. VIDEOS (PART-1)

34. VIDEOS (PART-2)