Education is key to reducing poverty and influencing economic growth in developing countries. When girls receive an education, their income can increase by 20% as adults, and a nation's economic growth can increase by 3.7% for every year the average level of schooling rises. However, 65 million girls worldwide are out of school due to factors such as child marriage, gender bias that favors educating boys, and schooling costs. Ensuring access to quality education for girls has widespread social and economic benefits.
Parents Attitude towards Girl Child Education: A Sociological Study of HaryanaRHIMRJ Journal
Girls and boys have the same rights to get a quality education. But the ‘gender gap’ becomes painfully evident when
looking at who is in the classroom. Girls lag behind than boys at all levels of formal education in Haryana. Enrolment,
retention, transition and achievement rates for girls are always lower than that of boys. This means that even many of the girls
who are enrolled in school do not complete Secondary School education. There is the strong belief that negative parental
attitude must be blamed for the low level education of girls. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to assessing
current parental attitude towards the education of girls children. The study analyzed the data from 50 parents, who had one or
more than one school going children. Out of these, 20 parents belonged to upper caste families, 15 parents belonged to middle
caste families and 15 parents belonged to lower caste families. The age range of the sample was 18-50 years, and they all
belonged to Bohar village of Rohtak District. 20-item questionnaire schedule was used for collecting data. The findings
showed that the overall attitude of the respondents was moderately favorable and positive towards schooling and education of
their children. The study reflects that generally parents would want to educate both boys and girls, however when there are
other demands on the family's resources that the education of the girl child is considered a secondary issue.
Parents Attitude towards Girl Child Education: A Sociological Study of HaryanaRHIMRJ Journal
Girls and boys have the same rights to get a quality education. But the ‘gender gap’ becomes painfully evident when
looking at who is in the classroom. Girls lag behind than boys at all levels of formal education in Haryana. Enrolment,
retention, transition and achievement rates for girls are always lower than that of boys. This means that even many of the girls
who are enrolled in school do not complete Secondary School education. There is the strong belief that negative parental
attitude must be blamed for the low level education of girls. The purpose of the present study was, therefore, to assessing
current parental attitude towards the education of girls children. The study analyzed the data from 50 parents, who had one or
more than one school going children. Out of these, 20 parents belonged to upper caste families, 15 parents belonged to middle
caste families and 15 parents belonged to lower caste families. The age range of the sample was 18-50 years, and they all
belonged to Bohar village of Rohtak District. 20-item questionnaire schedule was used for collecting data. The findings
showed that the overall attitude of the respondents was moderately favorable and positive towards schooling and education of
their children. The study reflects that generally parents would want to educate both boys and girls, however when there are
other demands on the family's resources that the education of the girl child is considered a secondary issue.
Meaning, Objectives and Importance. Significant Problems of Women, Place of Women in Economic and National Development, Practical Activities for Women Development
An evaluation of girl-child education in Nigeria. What are the policy issues that guide the education of a girl-child and what is the society's view of a girl-child?
The Impact of Girl-Child Education on Community Development: A Study of Ika L...iosrjce
This research work investigated the impact of Girl-Child Education on Community Development with
focus on Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The specific objectives of the study are to identify the
role of Girl-Child Education in Community Development, to determine the factors impeding against girl-child
education in the aforementioned area and to examine how social, economic and political development affects
Girl-Child Education in Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The total population for this study is
39,500 and the sample size of three hundred and ninety five (395) persons from the selected communities i.e.
Ikot Inyang Udo, Ikot Akata, Urua Inyang, Ikot Oyo and Ikot Okon were drawn. The study adopted a descriptive
survey design and data were analysed using the chi-square (X2
) statistic at 0.05 level of significance. It was
found among other things that Girl-Child Education helps in Community Development and the factors militating
against girl-child education were culture and poverty level of the people. Based on the findings, the following
recommendations were made; the society should stop the discrimination of the girl-child in the provision of
education, also that government should make policy statements that will make the education of the girl child
legal and compulsory.
Today we recognize that to try and improve the position of women one needs to look at the girl child who is a woman of tomorrow. Only when we visualize a female child with high self esteem not merely in recipient roles but in active productive roles with a concern for human dignity will be have strong and empowered women. The ultimate goal is to have an active, healthy and confident female child unfettered by 2009 2009 Social Institutions and Gender Index with equal access to knowledge information and opportunities.
A girl’s discrimination begins even before birth. Our statistics clearly point out to some facts that abortion of female fetuses is on the rise,It is reported that about 4,000 female babies are aborted in Tamil Nadu (southern India) every year. Sex determination tests are widely resorted to even in the remotest rural areas. Since most deliveries in rural areas take place at home, there is no record of the exact number of births/deaths that take place. Therefore, it is difficult to assess the magnitude of the problem. The ratio of female to male is declining. Even though the national sex ratio in the 2011 Census 944 is more than 2001’s 934, in states like Punjab, Haryana the sex ratio is about 899 and 885 respectively. There is reluctance to seek medical aid for ailing daughters. Regardless of the economic background the status of the female child has never been the same as that of the male at any level.
Gender roles are conceived, taught and enacted in a complex set of relationships within the family and society at large. Needless to say, the media reinforces the same stereotyped gender roles. The girl child grows up with a low self esteem. She grows up with a notion of temporary membership in her natal home to be disposed off with assets and dowry. A traditional saying sums it up thus, a daughter is like ghee (clarified butter)—both will stay good only upto a point. If you do not dispose them off they start stinking. Her productive role is to continue the household drudgery added to which is her reproductive responsibility.
The situation analysis of girl child is mentioned in this ppt.
This presentation describes in detail the problems of women's education in our time. Such important issues as women's rights, the need for education and financial independence are considered.
To make India a better place for girl children, the nation should protect rights of girl children, ensure gender equality and focus on education for girls.
"Ayurjeevanam Sewa Samiti" is working ceaselessly with Government of India and its other partners to save protect and improve the lives of children in India.
You can help people escape from the bonds of poverty through our sponsor programme. Your valuable contribution guarantees that a sponsor person receives benefits alters his/her course of life.
Hereby ‘Our Society’ Ayurjeevanam raises the standard of average health in India. If you feel for any of these, then take time out to participate in their events. A few hours in your busy life can change the life of another human being.
Our goal is to create unforgettable experiences for children and their families through our wish granting process. But we can’t do it alone. Every single donation helps to ensure that every child’s one true wish comes true.
By donating to Needy person, you help transform lives. You give children with life-threatening medical conditions a reason to hope for a brighter future. And most of all, you help make their magical wishes come true.
Ayurjeevanam Sewa Samiti (Rampur) Society managed by Dr. Kuldeep Singh Chauhan & their Volunteers, which is part of the corporate social responsibility activities Government, Project Nanhi Kali supports over 57,000 students.
Project Nanhi Kali sees educating girls and women as a way to positively impact India in the long run. Dr. Kuldeep Singh Chauhan & Smt. Shabana, the Secretary of the non-profit organisation, told the Daily News and Analysis in an interview that "we wanted to create global awareness about the plight of young girls in the country who are denied their basic right."
Students who are selected for Nanhi Kali receive both financial and academic support. They attend special classes to learn math, science, and language concepts. Nanhi Kali pays for the hidden costs of their education, including pencils, notebooks, uniforms, school bags, clothes, and shoes. Funding is from individual and corporate donors, who sponsor a particular child and receive regular updates on her progress at school. Sponsors can also go to the online "Girl Store" to purchase particular items for a student. Ayurjeevanam Sewa Samiti sponsors the education of 11,000 girl children through Project Nanhi Kali.
Third-party assessments show that Nanhi Kali has a significant impact on the girls' lives. Over a one year period, Nanhi Kali students' improvement in learning outcomes ranged from 40 percent in Rampur, Moradabad, Kanpur to 78 percent in Ghaziabad
Meaning, Objectives and Importance. Significant Problems of Women, Place of Women in Economic and National Development, Practical Activities for Women Development
An evaluation of girl-child education in Nigeria. What are the policy issues that guide the education of a girl-child and what is the society's view of a girl-child?
The Impact of Girl-Child Education on Community Development: A Study of Ika L...iosrjce
This research work investigated the impact of Girl-Child Education on Community Development with
focus on Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The specific objectives of the study are to identify the
role of Girl-Child Education in Community Development, to determine the factors impeding against girl-child
education in the aforementioned area and to examine how social, economic and political development affects
Girl-Child Education in Ika Local Government Area of Akwa Ibom State. The total population for this study is
39,500 and the sample size of three hundred and ninety five (395) persons from the selected communities i.e.
Ikot Inyang Udo, Ikot Akata, Urua Inyang, Ikot Oyo and Ikot Okon were drawn. The study adopted a descriptive
survey design and data were analysed using the chi-square (X2
) statistic at 0.05 level of significance. It was
found among other things that Girl-Child Education helps in Community Development and the factors militating
against girl-child education were culture and poverty level of the people. Based on the findings, the following
recommendations were made; the society should stop the discrimination of the girl-child in the provision of
education, also that government should make policy statements that will make the education of the girl child
legal and compulsory.
Today we recognize that to try and improve the position of women one needs to look at the girl child who is a woman of tomorrow. Only when we visualize a female child with high self esteem not merely in recipient roles but in active productive roles with a concern for human dignity will be have strong and empowered women. The ultimate goal is to have an active, healthy and confident female child unfettered by 2009 2009 Social Institutions and Gender Index with equal access to knowledge information and opportunities.
A girl’s discrimination begins even before birth. Our statistics clearly point out to some facts that abortion of female fetuses is on the rise,It is reported that about 4,000 female babies are aborted in Tamil Nadu (southern India) every year. Sex determination tests are widely resorted to even in the remotest rural areas. Since most deliveries in rural areas take place at home, there is no record of the exact number of births/deaths that take place. Therefore, it is difficult to assess the magnitude of the problem. The ratio of female to male is declining. Even though the national sex ratio in the 2011 Census 944 is more than 2001’s 934, in states like Punjab, Haryana the sex ratio is about 899 and 885 respectively. There is reluctance to seek medical aid for ailing daughters. Regardless of the economic background the status of the female child has never been the same as that of the male at any level.
Gender roles are conceived, taught and enacted in a complex set of relationships within the family and society at large. Needless to say, the media reinforces the same stereotyped gender roles. The girl child grows up with a low self esteem. She grows up with a notion of temporary membership in her natal home to be disposed off with assets and dowry. A traditional saying sums it up thus, a daughter is like ghee (clarified butter)—both will stay good only upto a point. If you do not dispose them off they start stinking. Her productive role is to continue the household drudgery added to which is her reproductive responsibility.
The situation analysis of girl child is mentioned in this ppt.
This presentation describes in detail the problems of women's education in our time. Such important issues as women's rights, the need for education and financial independence are considered.
To make India a better place for girl children, the nation should protect rights of girl children, ensure gender equality and focus on education for girls.
"Ayurjeevanam Sewa Samiti" is working ceaselessly with Government of India and its other partners to save protect and improve the lives of children in India.
You can help people escape from the bonds of poverty through our sponsor programme. Your valuable contribution guarantees that a sponsor person receives benefits alters his/her course of life.
Hereby ‘Our Society’ Ayurjeevanam raises the standard of average health in India. If you feel for any of these, then take time out to participate in their events. A few hours in your busy life can change the life of another human being.
Our goal is to create unforgettable experiences for children and their families through our wish granting process. But we can’t do it alone. Every single donation helps to ensure that every child’s one true wish comes true.
By donating to Needy person, you help transform lives. You give children with life-threatening medical conditions a reason to hope for a brighter future. And most of all, you help make their magical wishes come true.
Ayurjeevanam Sewa Samiti (Rampur) Society managed by Dr. Kuldeep Singh Chauhan & their Volunteers, which is part of the corporate social responsibility activities Government, Project Nanhi Kali supports over 57,000 students.
Project Nanhi Kali sees educating girls and women as a way to positively impact India in the long run. Dr. Kuldeep Singh Chauhan & Smt. Shabana, the Secretary of the non-profit organisation, told the Daily News and Analysis in an interview that "we wanted to create global awareness about the plight of young girls in the country who are denied their basic right."
Students who are selected for Nanhi Kali receive both financial and academic support. They attend special classes to learn math, science, and language concepts. Nanhi Kali pays for the hidden costs of their education, including pencils, notebooks, uniforms, school bags, clothes, and shoes. Funding is from individual and corporate donors, who sponsor a particular child and receive regular updates on her progress at school. Sponsors can also go to the online "Girl Store" to purchase particular items for a student. Ayurjeevanam Sewa Samiti sponsors the education of 11,000 girl children through Project Nanhi Kali.
Third-party assessments show that Nanhi Kali has a significant impact on the girls' lives. Over a one year period, Nanhi Kali students' improvement in learning outcomes ranged from 40 percent in Rampur, Moradabad, Kanpur to 78 percent in Ghaziabad
Utilizing search engines in the classroom. Includes different types of search engines and what they offer, as well as tips to help students when using search engines.
Image-Präsentation über die Dienstleistungen von DTS Bulgarien: Die größte Incoming Agentur für den deutschsprachigen Markt in Bulgarien. Die Vorteile von Kooperation mit der Agentur.
The anonymised slides from an old (but hopefully still relevant) talk on the case for placing a strategic focus on design testability. The material covers the technical, process and organisational considerations arising from such a strategy and is predominantly a summary of the ideas presented in Brett Pettichord's 2001 "Design For Testability' paper available here. The presentation makes a case for why a high level of design testability can be seen as a critical success factor in achieving sustained agility.
Software Developers In Test: The Supply-Side Crisis Facing Agile AdoptorsRichard Neeve
The slides from my facilitated discussion session at the UK Test Management Forum in London held on Wed 30th Oct 2013. See more at www.richardneeve.net
Final Report - Commercial Vehicle Tire Condition SensorsTiroGage
The load carrying capability of a tire is critically linked to the inflation pressure. Fleet operators will generally select a particular “target pressure” for their trucks based on the unique load, operating, and environmental conditions in which they operate. If not properly inflated the useful tire life, as well as safety, are compromised.
The act of tire pressure maintenance is labor and time intensive. An 18-wheeled vehicle can take from 20 to 30 minutes to check all of the tires and inflate perhaps 2 or 3 tires that may be low on air. To complete this task once each week on every tractor and trailer becomes a challenge for many fleet operators. As a result, tires are often improperly inflated.
Very little empirical data exists with regard to actual tire pressure maintenance practices on commercial vehicles, and the extent of the “problem” (i.e., improper inflation) is not well understood. Over the last several years, new approaches and technologies have been developed for the commercial vehicle market to help improve tire maintenance practices, including automatic tire inflation systems and various types of tire monitoring systems. However, fleet maintenance managers often lack the information to determine if such systems will offer a reasonable return on their investment.
TiroGage is an American Analog Tire Pressure Monitoring System for the RV and Commercial Trucking Industry. Here is the NHTSA Debris Study fro Commercial Medium Tire.
A power point presentation on girl education with wonderful images,information and quotes.
Ping me at Twitter (https://twitter.com/rishabh_kanth), to Download this Presentation.
This article has been written for Techkriti Blog for a Cause Contest.
The topic was:
90% of children in India don’t go for College Degree.” How far have we progressed in terms of Education and what can be done to improve the scenario?
For more information visit: http://www.socialscribblers.in/techkriti-blog-cause/
Gender Issues in Educational Administration Systems.
Gender and Contemporary Issues in Educational Practice in Pakistan.
Gender Issues in Higher Level Education
A girl is like a flower to be nurtured. She is a goddess to be revered. She is mother earth that sustains the very breath of humanity. How can man even think of killing her in the womb? It is said in the Bhagwat Gita that the karma of the past catches up. For those who have killed their daughters mercilessly they will go through the same fate. But the woman whose tender heart continues to nurture will still give a chance to evil to redeem. Unless India gives women a chance to survive, it would fail as the world’s largest democracy.
As we all know that the education is one of the most important factor for the growth of any country. If we have to be the world dominance nation then we have to work in the field of education. India have average of 50% of women population. As we have to increase the Literacy Rate of our country then we also have to focus on the women education in India
Build Tomorrow for Poor Students kurnoolSERUDS INDIA
We have been approached by many bright students seeking the sponsorship of school and tuition fees, but are constrained by lack of resources. You can sponsor for such needy children and fund for their better education through the following online support options
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/charity-for-poor-students-india/
#childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsorforgirlchild, #donateforgirleducation, #girlchildeducation, #sponsorbookstosorphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool
By 2021, Education Cannot Wait aims to reach 8.9 million children and youth living in areas affected by fragility, conflict and violence. Half of them will be girls. In all, this means reaching over 4.4 million girls living in some of the worst conditions on the planet with safe, reliable education, gender-responsive multi-year educational resilience programming, and the support and resources they need to thrive.
Education is a human right that often goes unfulfilled when crisis hits. While crises don’t necessarily ‘pick their victims’ based on gender, the effects of gender inequality are often magnified. Recent analysis indicates that worldwide around 39 million girls are out of school, or have had their education disrupted, because of war and disaster.
The social-cultural expectations and customs that already exist in these communities often heighten gender discrimination and continue to perpetuate unequal education opportunities. This means girls can’t go to school. It means girls are at increased risk of sexual violence and exploitation. It means girls lose their voice. And when girls lose their voice, our work to build a more equal, more peaceful world as outlined in the Sustainable Development Goals begins to unravel.
Education in india and Women Empowermentkunalgate125
This the outcome of my 6 months of research on the state of Education in India with an emphasis on Education of girl child and women and discusses related issues and roadmap for further educational reform focusing on quality and not just quantity.
Any comments and suggestions are welcome..!
Gender norms and changing childhoods: evidence from Young Lives multi-country study tracking inequalities in girls’ and boys’ trajectories
By Gina Crivello, Senior Researcher
(Young Lives, University of Oxford0
Presented at thw Conference on Gender Equality Norms and the Politics of Development Cooperation,
At DIIS - Danish Institute for International Studies
Copenhagen, 18-20 May 2016
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
Girlhoods project
1. “It has been proven that
education contributes
directly to the growth of the
national income by
improving the productive
capacities of the labour
force.”
Farzaneh Roudi-Fahini & Valentine M. Moghadam
2. When a girl receives an
extra year of education, her
income percentage as an
adult can rise by 20%
3.
4. “My dad thinks only he [her brother] should
go to school and I shouldn’t. Since I have no
mum, there’s no one to clean the house and
to wash the clothing, and Dad thinks that I
shouldn’t go to school.”
Girl, 13, Serbia
Gender Inequality:
5.
6.
7. In developing countries, the long-term
economic growth will increase by 3.7% for
every year the adult population’s average
level of schooling rises.
8. Education for BOTH men and
women, is a KEY strategy for
reducing poverty and influencing
economic growth for all in
developing countries.
9.
10. As consistent female
education rises, fertility,
population growth and infant
and child mortality fall and
family health improves.
11.
12. Every year, 10 million girls
are forced or coerced into
marriage.
13. Today, 65 million girls across
the world are out of school.
Did know?
15. “I really want to study. I studied up to
class five, but because of circumstances,
my family now keeps me at home. I do
household chores and farm work. My two elder
brothers studied up to class eight... but my
older sister, who is 20, hasn’t studied at all.
Nobody in my family supports my studies. If I
got free notebooks, maybe I could study. If
others also did housework, then I would have
time to study.”
- Munni, 13, Uttar Pradesh, India
16.
17.
18. In more than 100 countries
around the world, school is not
free and many parents cannot
afford the tuition or the cost of
uniforms.
19. Why is Education for Girls
Important?
Education has the ability to empower girls
by introducing new ways of thinking about
traditions and issues.
As a result, girls begin to challenge
traditionally held gender roles!
20. “In a number of countries, girls are given less food
than boys. Girls may also be given poorer quality
food than their brothers.
And because girls may receive less medical care
than boys, girls’ under-nutrition may go
undetected, leading to serious health problems...”
- Girl, 20, republic of Korea
21.
22. A high school education, in combination with
financial assets and life skills, is an essential part of
girls’ empowerment, development and protection.
23. Due to implemented social biases
in struggling countries, parents
often choose their sons over their
daughters in the decision of who
to send to school if they cannot
afford to send all of their children.
24. It is a proven fact that
If we educate girls,
we can change the
world for the better.
25.
26. “I would really like to go to school one
day and be like the other girls in their
school uniforms. I know if I go to school,
one day I will be able to help my family as
I will get a good job that pays well.”
-
- Sofia, 13, Tanzania
28. We believe that girls will respect themselves
through education and learn to respect
others. Education contributes significantly to
personal development and self worth.
29.
30.
31. “Nowhere are the risks to young
women of working in the informal
economy more apparent than in the
area of domestic service. over 100
million people – predominantly young
women and girls – are estimated to be
working in this least regulated and
protected of sectors.”
32. Of the world’s 130 million out-
of-school youth, 70% are girls
Did know?
33. Due to the poor quality of education
globally, 120 million children enrolled in schools
today, will not reach fourth grade.
This being said, 130 million children remain in
school but do not learn basic literacy and
numeracy skills.
Did know?
Editor's Notes
Source: Empowering Women, Developing Society – By: FarzanehRoudi-Fahini & Valentine M. Moghadam
