This document summarizes a seminar presentation on using chitosan-based nanoparticles for ocular drug delivery. It begins with an introduction to chitosan and how it can be used to improve drug transport and retention time in the eye. It then discusses the anatomy of the eye and describes common nanoparticle preparation methods like ionic gelation and solvent displacement. Applications of chitosan nanoparticles for ocular delivery are also mentioned, such as increasing drug transport across the cornea. Mechanisms of action involve either radioactivity markers or fluorescent markers to track nanoparticle interactions with eye tissue. Future areas of development include new preparation methods and controlled release formulations.

1. By
Miss. Gharge Varsha Gajanan
(B. Pharm.)
Under the Guidance of
Dr. Pawar P.K
Head of Department of Pharmaceutics
Gourishakar Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research
Limb, Satara.
(2015-16)
Chitosan Based Nanoparticles In Ocular Drug
Delivery System
A
Seminar
on
1

2. Chitosan Based Nanoparticles In
Occular Drug Delivery System
2
●Chitosan is of increasing interest in ocular drug
delivery.
●It is known, for example ,to transport of hydrophilic
drug by preparing chitosan Based nanoparticles .

3. OBJECTIVE-
3
Chitosan-based Nanoparticles systems to improve
the surface ocular retention time and to enhance the
transport of drugs across the cornea.

4. Contents:
¤ Introduction
• ocular system
•Chitin
•Chitosan
•Nanoparticles
•Chitosan based nanoparticles
•Chitosan based nanoparticles in ocular system
•Conclusion
¤References
4

5. 5

6. Human eye consist of :- 3 main Layers
Stroma Endothelium
Cornea
Inner PartMiddle PartOuter Part
Sclera
Choroid layer
Ciliary body
Iris
Retina
Epithelium
6
Anatomy of Eye-

7. 7
Anatomy of Eye-
Figure No. 1 Structure of the eye.

8. 8
1. Cornea which acts like a camera lens.
2.Iris of the eye functions like the diaphragm of a camera
3.The light then travels through the vitreous humor.
4.Retina converting optical images into electronic signals.
5.The optic nerve transmits signals to the visual cortex
in the brain

9. Chitin-
1.poly (b-(1-4)-N-acetyl-Dglucosamine).
2.It is a natural polysaccharide.
3.Identified in 1884.
4.This biopolymer is synthesized by living organisms.
5.It is also produced by plant and animal.
6.It is derived from crustacean shells such as crabs,
shrimps and lobsters.
9

10. Chitosan-
1.It is a modified natural carbohydrate polymer.
2. It is prepared by the partial N-deacetylation of
chitin.
3.Chitosan is also found in some microorganisms,
yeast and fungi.
4.chitosan is soluble in most organic acidic solutions
at pH less than 6.5.
10

11. Biological Properties Chitosan -
11
1.Chitosan is in this category of mucoadhesive polymers.
The mucoadhesive character of chitosan relates to the
attraction.
2.Its positively charged amino groups and the negatively
charged in the mucus along with other forces such as
hydrogen bonds.
3.In addition to this special property, chitosan exhibits
other attractive features.
4.As antibacterial agents, gene delivery vectors and
carriers for protein release and drugs

12. 12
Chitosan Applications -
chitosan
Food area
Agriculture
area
Health area
Cosmetic
area
Industrial
area

13. Nanoparticles-
13
1.Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles with
diameters ranging from 1-1000 nm.
2.In This the active ingredient is dissolved, entrapped,
encapsulated, adsorbed or chemically attached.
3.Polymers used to form nanoparticles can be both
synthetic and natural polymers.
4.These properties render chitosan a very attractive
material as a drug delivery carrier.

14. Preparation Method-
14
Stirrer
Nanoparticles
Chitosan + drug solution
1) Ionic gelation method -
TPP Solution

15. Preparation Method-
15
Nanoparticles
Stirrer
Aqueous phase
Organic Phase
(Drug + Polymers)
2)Solvent Displacement Method-

16. Preparation method-
3)Sieving method-
16
Cross linked gel
Seive(2-50nm)
Cnanoparicle loaded with dru
Chitosan gel with drug
4)Cross Linking Method-
Cross linking polymer(TPP,CD)
Chitosan solution
nanoparticles
Chemical cross linking

17. Chitosan based nanoparticles-
17
1.Chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide, is one of such
biodegradable polymers.
2. which has been extensively exploited for the
preparation of nanoparticles for controlled delivery of
several therapeutic agents.
3.chitosan derivatized polymers for the preparation of
nanoparticles due to its vastly improved properties,
such as better drug retention capability, improved
permeation, enhanced mucoadhesion and sustained
release of therapeutic agents.

18. Mechanism of action of chitosan-based systems
upon contact with the eye surface-
18
Two types-
1.Radioactivity and further evaluation by
gamma-scintigraphy
2.Fluorescent markers and further evaluation
by fluorimetry

19. 1.Radioactivity-
19
Gamma emitters
as marker
It gives prolonged
retention at
ocular surface
B
U
T
This mechanism not provide
interactions between the
polymers and biological
membrane
Mechanism of action of chitosan-based systems
upon contact with the eye surface-

20. 2.Fluorimetry
20
Mechanism of action of chitosan-based systems
upon contact with the eye surface-
Chitosan
Fluorescein
acid
Chitosan
nanoparticles
Add to
Rabbit
eye
It forms
corneal &
conjunctiva
interaction
1.It forms the greater
corneal retention
time than chitosan
solution
2.It gives retention of
nanoparticles was
important in the
conjunctive tissue
than cornea

21. APPLICATIONS :Chitasan based nanoparticles in
ocular drug delivery system -
21
1.Improving the delivery of drugs to ocular mucosa.
2.The in vitro release studies performed increase the surface
retention Time
3.It also increase the hydrophilic drug transport across
cornea.

22. Future Prospects-
22
1.Development of new method of preparation.
2.Development of controlled release dosage form.

23. References-
1) Megha Agarwal, DP Nagar1, Nalini Srivastava2 and MK Agarwal1
Division of Biotechnology, Defence Research and Development
Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior, India- 474002,2School of study in
Biochemistry, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, India- 474002,1-13.
2)S.Selvaraj,J.Karthikeyan.,N.Saravanakumar.DepartmentofPharmaceutics,C
herraan’s College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. 641039.
3) A Krishna Sailaja, P Amareshwar, P Chakravarty, Osmania University,
Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.474-484.
4) Joana Ribeiro Costa, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia da Universidade
Católica Portuguesa Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto,
Instituto Superior de Ciências da Saúde – Norte,1-62.
5)Waree Tiyaboonchai,Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000,
Thailand.51-66. 23

24. References-
24
6) Santhi Kumaraswamy, Sokalingam Arumugam Dhanaraj, Sridevi Chigurupati,
and Selvadurai Muralidharan. Unit of Pharmaceutical technology, Faculty of
pharmacy, AIMST University, Semeling, 08100, Kedah state, Malaysia.
7) Ashaben Patel, Kishore Cholkar, Vibhuti Agrahari, Ashim K Mitra, Division of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City,
Kansas City, Missouri-64108, United States,47-64.
8) Meetali Mudgil, Nidhi Gupta, Manju Nagpal, Pravin Pawar, Chitkara College of
Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Chandigarh-Patiala National Highway, Rajpura
140401, Patiala, Punjab, India.
9) Inmaculada Aranaz, Marian Mengíbar, Ruth Harris, Inés Paños, Beatriz Miralles,
Niuris Acosta,Gemma Galed and Ángeles Heras Department of Physical Chemistry
II, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Biofunctional Studies, Complutense University,
Paseo Juan XXIII, nº 1. Madrid 28040, Spain,203-230.
10) Krishna Sailaja A, Amareshwar ,University college of technology,Osmania
University, Hyderabad, India.72-74.

25. 25
THANK YOU…