GFS MEGR102 was awarded the Australian Cleantech Award for 2013 for the Mining Sector. The use of GFS MEGR102 in the fracking process negates the use of toxic biocides. GFS MEGR102 has been extensive tested in the laboratory and in the field and has proved to be not only effective, but more effective than currently used toxic chemical biocides.

1. GFS MEGR102
Environmentally friendly fracking fluid
Presented by:
Andrew Proud
International Product Manager
Global Future Solutions
Ph: +61 413 028 896
E: aproud@gfscorporation.net

2. GLOBAL FUTURE SOLUTIONS - HISTORY
Global Future Solutions (GFS) is an Australian biotechnology
company founded in March 2009, where the idea first began
to develop green technologies that are now being produced
for various markets worldwide.
Since its inception, GFS has forged relationships with
companies worldwide, as well as being involved in global aid
in Haiti & Pakistan after natural disasters struck.
We pride ourselves on creating products that are:
• Environmentally conscious
• More effective than currently used products
• Competitive pricing

3. GFS TECHNOLOGY
GFS Microbial products are based on our revolutionary,
patented process for the production of surfactin.
Producing commercial quantities of surfactin has been
highly sought after for decades due to its exceptional
surface activity.
From this advancement, GFS has developed
environmentally friendly solutions for industries where
toxic chemical use has been prevalent.

4. GFS MEGR102
 GFS MEGR102 is a combination of a natural probiotic
….bacteria & the surfactin that it produces, negating the
….use of a conventional biocide
 Bacillus subtilis produces a naturally occurring Lipid
….peptide (surfactin) that inhibits the growth of problem
….bacteria.
 Bacillus subtilis is classified as a low risk bacteria by US
….EPA

5. BENEFITS OF GFS MEGR102
 Effective in controlling
• Sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB)
• Iron reducing bacteria (IRB)
• Acid producing bacteria (APB)
• Sludge/Film Forming Bacteria
• E. Coli
 Compatible with common frack fluids/water.
 Wide temperature/pressure stability.
 Controls bacteria long term & does not get used up like
…..conventional biocides.
 Non toxic, non corrosive & non flammable.

6. GFS MEGR102 – Advantages
Advantages of GFS MEGR102
 Composed primarily of non hazardous organic components
 Rapidly controls bacteria in one to two hours
 Effective in a wide range of oilfield waters
 Broad spectrum of effectiveness against SRB, IRB, APB
 Continues to control bacteria long term unlike conventional
…..biocides which generally work only short term
 Effective at a broad range of pH levels
 Salt & high temperature tolerant
 Less prone to degradation in storage than most chemical
….biocides

7. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing SRB
OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the effects of pH, monovalent
and divalent salt cations, on MEGR 102
antimicrobials.
10μL of Desulfotomaculum halophilum
displaying strong growth was injected into
each tube. 12 tubes were set aside as
positive controls, 4 each for pH 3, 7 and 9.
6. 10, 20, 40 and 80μL of 1% and 16, 32, 64
and 128μL of MEGR 102 was injected into the
prepared tubes to obtain the desired
concentration of toxicant.
7. Tubes were incubated anoxically at 35˚C
and checked daily for the first week and
weekly thereafter for growth inhibition.

8. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing SRB
MEGR102 Challenge using 6% NaCl at 3 weeks, positive controls to the left for
each pH range.
MEGR102 Challenge with 4% NaCl and 2% CaCl2 at 3 weeks, positive controls
to the left for each pH range.

9. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing SRB & Heat Stability
OBJECTIVE:
In an effort to test the heat stability of MEGR
102 the product was exposed to increased
temperatures before use. Two temperatures
were chosen to mimic actual underground
and above ground conditions in the field and
compared with product efficacy at ambient
temperature.
10μL of Desulfotomaculum halophilum
displaying strong growth was injected into
each tube. 12 tubes were set aside as
positive controls, 4 each for pH 3, 7 and 9.
6. 10, 20, 40 and 80μL of 1% and 16, 32, 64
and 128μL of 10% MEGR 102 was injected
into the prepared tubes to obtain the desired
concentration of toxicant.
7. Tubes were incubated anoxically at 35˚C
and checked daily for the first week and
weekly thereafter for growth inhibition.

10. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing SRB & Heat Stability

11. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing SRB & Heat Stability
MEGR102 challenge at 25˚C, at 3 weeks, pH 3, 7 and 9, positive controls to
the left for each pH range.
MEGR102 challenge at 50˚C, at 3 weeks, pH 3, 7 and 9, positive controls to
the left for each pH range.
MEGR102 challenge at 75˚C, at 3 weeks, pH 3, 7 and 9, positive controls to
the left for each pH range.

12. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Bacteria name Abbreviation Type of
bacteria
Experiment # Source of bacteria
Desulfovibrio
desulfuricans
DD SRB GFS TSR 2014-11 ATCC
Enterobacter cloacae
GFS-9980
EC APB GFS TSR 2014-12 Isolated at GFS from
Mexican oil sample
Rahnella aquatilis GFS-
B23a
RA APB GFS TSR 2014-13 Isolated at GFS from
customer sample
Pseudomonas baetica
GFS- B32a
PB APB GFS TSR 2014-13 Isolated at GFS from
customer sample
Enterobacteriaceae
bacterium GFS-L20b
EB APB GFS TSR 2014-13 Isolated at GFS from
customer sample
Pantoea agglomerans
GFS- B26a
PA APB GFS TSR 2014-13 Isolated at GFS from
customer sample

13. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Effect of GFS MEGR102 on the growth of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (DD)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of DD.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
* GFS MEGR102 at 1000 ppm inhibited the growth of DD for up to 170 hours. At 500 ppm the growth was inhibited
for 78 hours. At 250 ppm the growth was inhibited for 46 hours.

14. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Effect of GFS MEGR102 on the growth of Enterobacter cloacae (EC)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of EC.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
* GFS MEGR102 at 1000, 500 and 250 ppm inhibited the growth of EC for up to 145 hours

15. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Effect of GFS MEGR102 on the growth of Rahnella aquatilis (RA)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of RA.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
* GFS MEGR102 at 1000, 500 and 250 ppm inhibited the growth of EC for up to 145 hours.

16. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Effect of GFS MEGR102 on the growth of Pseudomonas baetica (PB)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of PB.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
* GFS MEGR102at 1000, 500 and 250 ppm inhibited the growth of EC for up to 145 hours

17. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Effect of Probio C on the growth of Enterobacteriaceae bacterium (EB)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of EB.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
*GFS MEGR102at 1000 and 500 ppm inhibited the growth of PB for up to 121 hours. Small inhibition found with 250
ppm.

18. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing APB
Effect of GFS MEGR102 on the growth of Pantoea agglomerans (PA)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of PA.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
* GFS MEGR102at 1000 ppm inhibited the growth of PA for up to 121 hours. At 500 ppm the growth was inhibited
for 50 hours. Small inhibition found with 250 ppm.

19. GFS MEGR102 – Laboratory Testing IRB
Effect of MEGR102-C on the growth of the IRB strain Shewanella oneidensis (MR-1)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
OD(600nm)
Time (hours)
MR-1 Control Growth MEGR102-C 1000 ppm MEGR102-C 500 ppm MEGR102-C 250 ppm
* Experiment GFS TSR 2014-19, started on 2/18/14 and finished on 2/24/14
* The experiment was started with 1E+5 cells of MR-1.
* Average of two cultures are presented.
* MEGR102-C at 1000, 500 and 250 ppm inhibited the growth of MR-1 for up to 130 hours.

20. Negating the use of toxic biocides in the fracking process, is a
huge step towards moving from burning coal, to a cleaner source
of fuel with far less environmental impact.
Should further information be required, the team of GFS
Australasia would be more than happy to assist.
Thank you.
GFS MEGR102 - Conclusion