"Termica da biomasse e qualità dell’aria - Bioenergie und luftqualität", 25 giugno 2014, Università degli studi di Udine (progetto Smart Energy)

1. Udine, 25 June 2014
Improving small scale combustion
systems for better air quality
Results from the project Stove Testing 2020
Wilhelm Moser, Stefan Aigenbauer,
Gabriel Reichert, Christoph Schmidl

2. Introduction Bioenergy2020+
(former Austrian Bioenergy & Renet Austria)
■ Cooperative Research and development with almost 100 scientists:
Energy from biomass
■ Resources, combustion systems and technical energy systems
■ Technological projects like BioCat
■ Serving industry
■ Stoves with improved combustion and with catalysts
■ Branch projects “New Stoves 2020”
■ Including industry, associations, legal bodies
■ Measures to implement best possible technology
■ Wilhelm Moser: Chemical Engineer
■ BIOTHEG – Thermoelectrics for micro-CHP
■ e.g. projects BioHeatLABEL, Stove Testing 2020
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
Folie 2

3. Background
■ Log-wood stoves important for
■ Established markets – stock and sales
■ Ecological issues – emissions and EU 20-20-20 targets
Outcome from “New stoves 2020”:
■ Current standard for type testing limited:
■ Testing reflects best possible operation
■ Real life operating conditions missing
■ No differentiation of product quality
=> Development of a new test method necessary
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
Folie 3

4. Objectives
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
■ Final test method “Stove Testing 2020”
■ Results of a Round-Robin Test in the lab
■ Comparison lab & field
Real life relevanceReproducibility
Quality criteria Quality assurance
Better than current
standard
Clear procedure
and operation
Challenge &
stimulus
Stove, testing,
documentation
Development of a NEW TYPE
TEST METHOD for firewood
roomheaters (EN 13240)
focusing on real life operation
Folie 4

5. Proposal of new test method –
comparison to EN 13240
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
■ Five batches including
“cold” ignition
■ PM measurement during
total batches 1, 3 and 5
■ batch is terminated
according CO2 content
■ Water content 8-16 w.-%
■ daily test result by a
web-based calculation
Folie 5

6. Standardized Quick User Guide
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
■ Manufacturer defines per
template:
■ Preparations
■ Mode of ignition
■ Mass and number of pieces per
batch
■ Adjustments of damper settings
for combustion air supply
■ Obligatory numbers for testing
■ Qualitative information for end-
user
Folie 6

7. Evaluation of Reproducibility – example
Wood and operator cause differences between institutes
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
Folie 7
Stove 3
1 day institute A, 3 days institute B, 3 days institute C

8. Real life relevance – example
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
Folie 8
■ Stove 1
■ Stove 2
■ Stove 3
Real Life Factor
ST 2020 (Technikum) to field day
0,8 / 1,1 / 1,7
Best field batch to EN13240:
1,5 / 2,0 / 3,5
Techniku
m (n=7)
Feld
(n=3)
bester
Abbrand
im Feld
nach
EN13240
Ofen 1 2966 4972 2535 1250
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
COinmg/Nm313%O2
Technikum
(n=7)
Feld (n=3)
bester
Abbrand
im Feld
nach
EN13240
Ofen 3 2909 3086 2527 724
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
COinmg/Nm313%O2
Techniku
m (n=7)
Feld (n=3)
bester
Abbrand
im Feld
nach
EN13240
Ofen 2 2350 1952 1279 875
0
1.000
2.000
3.000
4.000
5.000
6.000
7.000
8.000
9.000
COinmg/Nm313%O2

9. Real life relevance
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
Folie 9
Average real
life factors for
Field day to
ST2020
Best field batch to
EN13240
CO 1,2 2,3
OGC 1,5 2,4
NOX 0,9 1,0
Dust 2,0 2,8
Efficiency 0,90 0,81
Reasons for factors unequal to 1:
■ Properties of wood, operator, draught conditions,
appliance influence, systematic deviations between
field and lab

10. Summary and Conclusion
■ A new type test method for firewood roomheaters
■ Round-Robin Test with sufficiently reproducible test results
■ Method is closer to real life performance than the EN13240
■ A significant impact of user behavior is still obvious
Ø Advanced testing methods will lead technological developments
towards low emissions and high efficiency in real life operation
Ø Further measures should enable and support correct user operation
Ø The results of the project “Stove Testing 2020” are promising, but
before a widespread implementation of the ST2020 test method
further measurements are necessary
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
Folie 10

11. Outlook
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
■ The idea of the „Stove Testing 2020“ project was the basement for a new
European project started in October 2013:
„beReal – Advanced Testing Methods for better Real Life
Performance of Biomass Room Heating Appliances“
■ EN 13240 – Roomheaters
■ EN 13229 – Insets, open fireplaces
■ EN 14785 – Pellet roomheaters
■ Homepage: www.bereal-project.eu
Current findings, public reports, newsletter
&
contact possibility for contributions or opinions
Folie 11

12. Aknowledgement
Udine, 25 June 2014
Termica da biomasse – qualità dell’aria
The study was done in the project “Stove Testing 2020” that was financial
supported by the Austrian Climate and Energy Fund in the frame of the “New
Energy Projects” of the Austrian Research Promotion Agency
(FFG project 834 639).
■ Company partners
■ Scientific partners
Folie 12

13. Udine, 25 June 2014
Improving small scale combustion
systems for better air quality
Results from the project Stove Testing 2020
Wilhelm Moser, Stefan Aigenbauer,
Gabriel Reichert, Christoph Schmidl