for eTwinning project "The Tale of two Cities"

1. GEORGIAN TRADITIONAL OBJECTS
Class 10, LEPL Tbilisi N207 Public School

2. CHOKHA
chokha, also known as a cherkeska, is a
Georgian woolen coat with a high neck that is
part of the traditional male dress of Peoples of
Caucasus. Chokha types and designs vary by
region and by culture but there are two types of
chokhas worn most commonly in Caucasus:
general and weighted.The common features are
that the collars of both chokhas are cut open
and the skirt of the coats are usually either
corrugated or pleated. Chokha is usually made
of broadcloth or shawl but some chokhas are
made of thinner textiles for festive occasions. It
is often worn during traditional ceremonies,
festivals, and weddings.

3. KABALAKHI
Kabalakhi is a headdress of
men and women in Western
Georgia. There are two types
of kabalakhi - long-stemmed
and short-stemmed. It is
made of wool, silk and other
types of fabrics. There are
many ways of tying kabalakhi,
and none of them is
considered canonical.

4. SALAMURI
Salamuri is a traditional Georgian wind
instrument. It is a type of flute, often
made from wood, with a narrow tube
and a mouthpiece at one end. It is
widespread in Georgia, both in the
corners of Eastern Georgia: Kartli,
Kakheti, Meskheti, Tusheti, and
Pshavi, as well as in Western Georgia.

5. GUDASTVIRI (BAGPIPE)
Gudastvri is a droneless, double-chantered,
horn-belled bagpipe played in Georgia. The term
comes from the words guda (bag) and stviri
(whistling). In some regions, the instrument is
called the chiboni, stviri, or tulumi. It is a type
of bagpipe, consisting of a goatskin bag and two
or more pipes. One pipe serves as a drone,
producing a continuous sound, while the other
pipes are used to play melodies. The bag is
typically inflated by mouth, and the player
squeezes it to control the airflow while playing.

6. FANDURI
Fanduri is a Georgian folk string
instrument. It is widespread in eastern
Georgia
Fanduri is three-stringed. We also
meet two-stringed panduri ( in
Khevsureti).

7. PHAPHAKHI
Papakhi is a traditional Georgian hat,
typically worn by men. It is made from
sheep's wool. Papakhi hats are often
black or brown in color, although other
variations can be found.

8. CHICHILAKI
Chichilaki is a ritual object in the shape of
a tree, prepared for New Year's greetings.
It was common in western Georgia. It is
made from dried hazelnut or walnut
branches. The branches are shaved or
peeled to create thin strips. Chichilaki are
often decorated with various dried fruits,
berries, sweets, and small ornaments.

9. KANTSI
Thistle-wine and vodka drinking horn. It is made from the
horn of a buck, bull, buffalo, wild goat, and other
animals. The horn is boiled, cleaned, and sharpened,
then stamped or carved. Kantsi is used as a drink at
weddings and baptism celebrations, it is especially
popular in Eastern Georgia.

10. KETSI (CLAY PAN)
A clay baking dish, round and deep, about five
to seven centimeters deep. It is used for baking
in the fireplace or in a stove.

11. KVEVRI (CHURI)
Kvevri are large vessels used for the
fermentation, storage and ageing of
traditional wine. It is an integral part of
traditional winemaking in Georgia,
dating back thousands of years. Kvevris
are typically made from clay. Resembling
large, egg-shaped amphorae without
handles, they are either buried below
ground or set into the floors of large
wine cellars. Kvevris vary in size: volumes
range from 20 litres to around 10,000;
800 is typical.

12. TONE
The tone oven is typically made of clay or
brick and is shaped like a large, cylindrical
dome. It is heated by burning wood or
other fuel inside the oven, allowing it to
reach high temperatures. The dough for
Georgian bread, known as "shoti“, is
stretched and slapped onto the inner walls
of the tone oven, where it bakes quickly.