Cultural diversity. Project made by 2nd Junior High school, Leros GREECE, 2020 2021

CULTURAL DIVERSITY. LET’S TALK ABOUT GREECE.

CULTURAL DIVERSIty eTwinning 2020-2021
Junior High School: Apostolos and Eletherios Evangellou, Leros, Greece
School year: 2020-2021
Project by:
 Deliezou Ilektra
 Ellinas Konstantinos
 Gouras Stavros
 Karantani Despoina
 Kordonouris Konstantinos
 Kritikos Georgios
 Mantzartzis Nikos
 Mavros Michalis
Project supervised by the teachers:
 Papaioannou Eleni
 Stamou Dimitra

THE TRADITIONAL IDENTITY AND THE
CULTURE OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL
DEPARTMENTS OF GREECE

Overview
 1. TRADITIONAL COSTUME, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF THESSALY (p.5)
 2. TRADITIONAL CLOTHING, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF THRACE (p.9)
 3. TRADITIONAL CLOTHING, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF PELOPONNESE (p.13)
 4. TRADITIONAL COSTUME, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF CRETE (p.20)
 5. TRADITIONAL CLOTHING, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF EPIRUS (p.45)
 6. TRADITIONAL COSTUME, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF CENTRAL GREECE ( p.57)
 7. TRADITIONAL COSTUME, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF THE MACEDONIA (p.72)
 8. TRADITIONAL COSTUME, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF IONIO SEA ISLANDS( p.77)
 9. TRADITIONAL COSTUMES OF ISLANDS, MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, DANCES AND FOOD OF THE AEGEAN
SEA ISLANDS ( p.81)

Traditional costumes
The costume of the Karagouni:
The karagouna is found scattered
throughout the Karagouni region, which is
located in the plain of Thessaly in the
regions of Karditsa, Kalambaka and
Tyrnavos, as well as Domokos and Farsala.
The karagouna is also the name of the
traditional folk dance known all over
Greece, though there are several versions
of it existing even outside the Karagouni
region. As for the costume, it is said that
there are three or four variants depending
on the region. In older days, women wore
the costume as wedding attire. The
intricate, multi-layer outfits with bright
colors were meant to represent the
wealth of the region. Today, the costume
has been simplified and is popular among
traditional Greek dance groups.

Women's clothing
The costume involves several layers of
clothing; it includes a white underdress, an
outer garment made of wool and a long
sleeveless coat, as well as an embroidered
waistcoat or vest, each of which look
according to the area. The whole outfit is
then topped with a red felt apron, adorned
with a velveteen band. Women also wore a
headpiece made of an embroidered scarf
wrapped and twisted around the head and
decorated with coins on the forehead.
Men's clothing
The men wear the costume with foustanella
or vraki, pants, with no distinctive attributes,
such as may be found over a large area of
Greece and Albania.

The music of the geographic and historical
region of Thessaly in Greece :
Dionysiakos
 Dionysiakos is a form of Greek dance and customs from ancient Greece. Dionysiakos and its forms revived
today in many areas of Greece like Peloponnese, central Greece and Crete with the best-known the Phallus
festival in the area of Tyrnavos, Larissa.
Koftos
 Koftos is a lively Greek dance typical of the areas of Thessaly, Epirus and central Greece. When the music
stops, the dancers yell "Hey", and you can also put your arms up, down, or clap.
Gaitanaki
 Gaitanaki is a form of a Greek folk dance from Thessaly, Greece. It is a circle dance. It is also very
widespread in Epirus.
Kleistos
 Kleistos horos is a circle dance from Thessaly. The dance is performed in a circle with the men leading and
the women following in the circle. It is usually exhibited to songs like "San allo de me marane!" The dance
has two parts to it, slow and fast, with the handholds being different for each part.

The field of costume design in
the region of Thrace presents
an impressive diversity. The
costume peculiarities of each
costume, differentiate and
emphasize the character of the
social group from which it
comes. The clothing as a
clothing set, depending on the
decorative perception of its
individual components, which is
expressed through different
materials, shapes and colors,
give the special aesthetics of
each group.

Men's clothing
 Men's clothing presents unity in its form throughout almost the entire Thracian area. This costume of the region of Thrace was a
common costume, as were the conditions and occupations of the people of the place. The Thracians all wear glasses. The poturi is a
kind of open wide pants that was worn only in Thrace and that nominally characterized all the Thracian men's clothing. It was made of
sagiaki, a woolen woolen cloth (a kind of felt), usually brown, for everyday wear, black for formal wear and sewn by terzides (tailors),
who tied it with a black carousel at the edges. The guts of the glasses were proportional to the circumstance and the financial situation
of each one. The summer cups were made of cotton blue fabric and were called "vrakia". The men's clothing of Thrace also consisted of
the shirt which was either white cotton embroidered on the neck, neck and sleeves or dark blue or brown with white stripes or squares
for work and usually had an upright collar and wide sleeves. Above the shirt they wore sleeveless vests that were made of flip flops and
some were open and some closed depending on the area. There were also coats with short sleeved vests which were also made of black
or dark blue or brown and was called jamantani. Only the groom's jam in the area of Makra Gefyra (Zaloufi) was red. On cold days of
winter, however, they wore fur, a kind of shayacon coat, with a fur lining inside (sheepskin). This accessory characterized the financial
situation of the wearer. The poorest wore the "yamourlouki" (a kind of long coat) made of gray hooded shawl. They wore knitted socks
on their feet. For each day they had white pieces of flip flops, with which they wrapped the shins, the so-called blialia or podopania and
the gourounotsaroucha or voidotsaroucha that they made themselves and tied with the tsarouchos ropes crosswise. On holidays they
wore the koundouria or gemeni shoes they bought. The purchased shoes were mainly given as wedding gifts and were worn with
Thracian costumes from the end of the 19th century mainly. The men's clothing was complemented by the long woolen double-
breasted belt, fringed on both narrow sides, in black with white stripes on the weft or red with white stripes for the young and crimson
for the older or as in M. Zaloufi red for the young, crimson for the middle-aged and black for the elderly and the feature of Thracian
menswear was the head covering. It is a black or dark blue belt, about 2 meters long, woolen or cotton, which was wrapped around the
head, leaving one fringed edge hanging on the back. This cover was called shawl or sanitary napkin and was replaced by the cap, black
velvet or astrakhan hat with two buttons. On the cup they used to climb a diamond-shaped or round bead.

Women's clothing
 In very closed agricultural groups where the social organization strictly delimits the roles of the two
sexes, the women's clothing that is formed is strict in terms of its line and rough in terms of the
materials of its construction. The clothing of Zaloufi (Long Bridge) is a representative type. Zaloufi
(Kefalochori) was located northeast of the Long Bridge (Ozun Kiouprou) and belonged to the
Diocese of Didymoteicho. Its inhabitants were mainly engaged in viticulture (Zaloufi wine was
famous), agriculture and animal husbandry. After the uprooting, the refugees from this area settled
in villages along the West Bank of Evros (Dikaia, Sakkos, Heimonio, Thourio, Pythio, etc.), in villages
of the Prefecture of Serres (Koimisi, Paralimnio, Tholos, Neochori, Nea Petra) and in Kalochori,
Thessaloniki. The Women's costume of Zaloufi was worn in a large number of villages in the area
with small variations such as in Thyrea, Pythio, Praggi, Petrades and in the villages of Mikro Zaloufi,
Psathades, Tsali Kurt etc. The wide spread of the costume in villages of the wide area that had as
administrative center of the Long Bridge, justifies its name as a costume of the Great Bridge,
although it was not worn in this city. The materials for the manufacture of this clothing are all their
own production. The women themselves wove, made the shawl and dyed it in black, dark brown
(lizard) or red.

women
This ladies’ costume consists of a
gossamer silk shirt with fine gold
embroidery, a precious pleated silk dress
with wide sleeves in a variety of colors,
and a velvet short jacket, all trimmed with
gold braid and embroidery. The costume
is completed with a red fez, and silk
tassel. The neck and chest are decorated
with rows of pearls and a precious
women’s costume is worn on the east
coast of Arcadia, Tsakonia, one of the
most historic places in the Peloponnese.
The place has been inhabited since
prehistoric times. The Tsakonian dialect
(still alive) is the closest language to the
ancient Greek one. The dance of this
region, the Tsakonikos Dance, is one of
the oldest and similar to the ancient
Greek dances.

Men’s costume
This men’s costume consists
of a white shirt with very
broad sleeves, white elastic
trousers, knee bands and a
kind of a very flared skirt
(fοustanella) with 400 pleats.
The length of the skirt is 50
cm.

Traditional dances
 In spite of all its historical and archaeological variety the Pelopónnesos is
singularly lacking in that same kind of variety dance-wise.Sta Tria,
Tsámikos, Syrtós/Kalamatianós.Another well-known dance of the
Pelepónnesos is the Tsakónikos.There are other dances associated with
only one or two villages in the Pelepónnesos, such as the Diplós Horós
danced in some villages of Arkadia and possibly others performed on
specific occasions but which are not mentioned here.

Kalamatianos
The Kalamatiano is one of the
best known dances of
Peloponnese. It is often
performed at many social
gatherings worldwide. As is the
case with most Greek folk
dances, it is danced in chain with
a counterclockwise rotation, the
dancers holding hands.

Monodiplos
Monodiplos is a traditional
dance from the area of
Messenia The dance is typically
a Kalamatiano dance with two
variations. There is a single step
and a double step back
variation that occurs in the
dance. The song typically used
in this dance is "Stin Apano
Geitonia".

Tsamikos
The dance follows a strict and slow tempo
not emphasising on the steps, but more on
the "attitude, style and grace" of the dancer.
The dancers hold each other from each
other's hands, bent 90 degrees upwards at
the elbows. It takes a sturdy hand, especially
if you are supporting the first or last person
of the line (or circle) who will lean on you to
perform high acrobatic leaps (usually kicking
his right leg up as he takes off followed by
the left (in a scissor-like motion), hitting the
latter with the back of his hand before
landing). The steps are relatively easy but
have to be precise and strictly on beat. The
dancer might even stomp his foot in
response to a strong beat. There is some
improvisation involved and many variations
of the steps, depending on which area the
dancers come from. Over time the dance
has taken on many variations. In the past, it
was danced exclusively by men, but in
modern times both men and women take
part.

CRETE
Της Κρήτης την παράδοση
με ευλάβεια στηρίζω,
και όπου σταθώ και όπου διαβώ
μια Κρήτη ζωγραφίζω.
(Cretan mantinada)

 Crete is the largest island of Greece and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean sea.
Crete located on the southern side of the Aegean Sea. The island is separated in 4
prefectures: Heraklion, Chania, Rethymnon and Lasithi. The largest city of the island and
it's capital is Heraklion.
 Crete was a crossroads of civilizations due to i'ts geographical location and flourished
with the top Minoan civilization. Also, great myths were born on this island such as
those of the giant Talos, Minotaur, Ariadne, Daedalus and Europe.

Cretan traditional costume is one of the most important elements of Cretan folklore.
Men’s clothing:
Daily Official

Women’s clothing
There are two basic types:
The Sfakian costume The Anogiani costume (more
common throughout the island)

Traditional Cretan musical instruments

Traditional dances of Crete
Twenty dances are recorded in Cretan dance inheritance,
some of them known in the whole island and others are
locals.
The most important of them are:

Traditional foods
Cretan cuisine is famous all over the world is the basis of the
Mediterranean diet.
Traditional dishes of Cretan cuisine are:

Snails or choclioi
They are cooked in different ways (boubouristi, stifado yahni or
with trachana). It is the most popular dish of the Cretan diet.

Antikristo
It is an old method of cooking large pieces of meat, usually
lamb or goat. They were fixed on sticks around the fire and
cooked for several hours.

Apaki
It is traditional Cretan smoked pork.

Stamnangathi
It is a herb that has bitter taste. It is usually served boiled with
oil.

Sfakian pie Marathopita
A special thin fried pie
stuffed with soft cheese
and served with honey
and nuts.
It is a thin pie cooked in
the pan and it is filled
with fresh fennel.

Traditional sweets
The main ingredients of the traditional sweets of Crete come
from products produced by the place such as oil and honey.

Xerotigana Kalitsunia
Fried dough strips with honey and
nuts. There are the most common
traditional sweets given to weddings
and other celebrations.
Kalitsunia or Lixnarakia are
pies stuffed with local
cheese and often sprinkled
with honey and cinnamon.

Spoon Sweets Mizithoropitakia
They are offered as a
traditional Cretan gesture of
hospitality.
They are fried pies stuffed,
with local cheese served
with honey. It is usually the
dessert on some table.

Men Women
The dress and apron
were sewn from
European fabrics. The
cover of the head is a
simple red fezaki with
a long blue tassel silk
cord, the brisimi.
Traditional costume,
costume consisting of:
embroidered felt vest,
woolen bouzana, shirt,
belt and cap.

Traditional food
Batsaria
This vegetable pie originates from
Ioannina. Ioannina and the whole of
Epirus are interwoven with pies, as in
this poor area with few materials,
housewives used what nature offered
to feed the family. Thus, batsaria is a
pie with corn flour, various greens
and milk. Traditional pie of Zagoria.

The kasata
Kasata, a pie from Metsovo that has a
certain process to make. It is the
weekend pie or the pie of the woman
who has enough time at her disposal
and this, because… it is necessary to
open 10 leaves that will be covered with
feta cheese. Fold it like a handkerchief
and then open it with your fingers the
size of a baking tray. But it is also the
pie that is used in the area of Metsovo
to make on New Year's Day instead of
royal pie. A pie that they prefer on
special occasions such as weddings,
baptisms, celebrations.

Xoirino prasoselino
Typical winter food of Epirus and in
fact in many villages it is considered
a Christmas dish analogous to
turkey. They knead before they take
it to the oven, and they close the lid
of the pot with dough, to boil the
food in its steam.

Traditional musical instruments
Klarino
The clarinet (or upright) is a wind musical
instrument. It appeared in its current form in
the 19th century. The clarinet currently holds
a key position in the symphony orchestra,
and belongs to the category of woodwinds.
The clarinet is also very common as a
member of jazz orchestras. In Greece, where
the name clarinet prevailed, but also in many
Balkan countries, it is one of the main
instruments of traditional music.

Toumberleki
The toumberleki is a
miniature drum. It is open
from below and covered
with stretched skin on top.
Its base is usually made of
metal. It is played with the
hands, as the right hand
"marks" the strong times and
the left the patients and
often includes bells hanging
around the perimeter.

Tambouras
Tambouras, in the general sense, is
the Greek name of a wider family of
stringed musical instruments, but it
also indicates a specific Greek
traditional instrument, which
belongs to this family.
The tambourine is a stringed
musical instrument with a long arm,
a descendant of the ancient Greek
pandura and the ancestor of
identical lutes (such as the Turkish
saz), as it is considered a revival
instrument mainly in the Byzantine
years.

Outi
The outi is a nocturnal
stringed musical instrument,
originating from Persia and
is quite common in Middle
Eastern music but also in
Greek traditional music. It is
related to the lute.

Traditional dances
The Koftos
Koftos is an continental dance that
praises bravery and youth. It is a lively
dance and Levantine. The dance was
danced in an open circle by women
and men, mainly in Zagorochoria but
also in the rest of Epirus. It takes its
name from the abrupt cessation of
music every 22 steps, when the dancer
stops moving and raises his hands
upwards. The dancers following this
musical peculiarity stop, often leaving
a sharp exclamation. This stop is
enough for everyone to admire and
show off their performance.

Pogonisios
Pogonisios or syrtos in two is the pre-
eminent dance of the province of Pogonios,
in four-note rhythm and its steps are six. It is
danced in a circle, in which women dance
separately from men except in the case of a
newlywed couple. From the day of her
marriage onwards, the woman has the right
to dance in front, only with her husband. The
dancers have their body positioned so that it
sees the center of the circle. The music of
Pogonisios differs from village to
village.Elsewhere they play heavy and sharp,
elsewhere faster using many notes to
decorate the piece and elsewhere they play
simply, "batzitika" as they say, in order to
give sweetness and complaint. This dance
was danced in an open circle. It was the most
popular dance since most of the dances of
Epirus ended in it.

Tsamikos
Tsamikos is a traditional
Greek dance. It is danced in
a circle with a rhythm of 3/4.
In the past, the tsamikos
were danced only by men,
but in modern times women
also take part.

CENTRAL GREECE
The region of Sterea Ellada is
located at the heart of Greece.
Αlso, known as Roumeli. It is a
land of great history and
culture, a land of impressive
mountains, delightful beaches
and healing waters. The
largest cities of Central Greece,
apart from Athens, are
Piraeus, Chalkida, Agrinio and
Lamia.

MEN'S CLOTHING WOMEN’S CLOTHING
In Central
Greece it
consists of
fustanella,
boudouri,
white socks,
tsarouchia and
barezi or fesi.
The women’s
traditional
costume
consists of
segouni, apron,
dress, head
scarf as well as
flounces and
buckles.

TRADITIONAL MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
The traditional musical instruments used at feasts and festivals
were the following:

Koulouriotikos Dance of the goat Hatzichristos

Traditional
costumes
Festive costume of Kapoutzida.
The color, the embroidery and
the name of some parts of the
clothing, inform us about the
family and religious cycle of the
woman's life. The dress has a
white shirt and dark blue shawl,
a woven apron while in the
middle the belt with the bead is
worn. Characteristic of the bridal
headdress is the sorghum or
flower that is fastened to the
white scarf.

Traditional food
Aidonohoritikoi kourabiedes Zucchini meatballs with dill and feta

Traditional dances
Partalos Tsourapia
 A dance from the area of Roumlouki in
Western Macedonia. Partalos is a male
dance made up of six steps. The men hold
hands with outstretched arms or hold from
the shoulders. The name of the dance is
derived from the word Partalia, which
means rags. A beautiful woman from Pylea
was known to wear Partalia, thus they
dedicated the dance to this beautiful
woman. The dance is fast paced and is
made up of a series of leaps and squats.
Partalso is also danced at weddings. In this
case, the groom leads the dance, next to
the groom would follow his nonos
(godfather), the koumbaros (best man) and
then the rest of the bridal party.
 A dance from Western Macedonia. A
popular circular dance also called Pardala
Tsourapia, Kambano More Mitro, Pardales
kaltses, Serenin tsourap and Sareve
Tsourapia. The name of the dance means
colorful socks – pardala tsourapia. The
word sareve also means colorful in local
dialect. In the town of Florina, many
dancers wear colorful socks when dancing
this dance. The movement of the dance
begins towards the right then moves
towards the left of the circle.

Musical
instruments
The first musical instruments in the region of Central
Macedonia are the bagpipes, the flutes, and the
zournades. However, from the second half of the 19th
century, the companies with Halkina appear, which are
now the trademark of the traditional music of
Macedonia. The brass are the instruments used by the
wandering companies, almost all over Macedonia.
Although their rhythm varies from region to region, the
brass instruments are the same everywhere: clarinet,
trombone, trumpet and cornet are accompanied by the
drum and the drum and create the characteristic sound
of Macedonian traditional music.

CUSTOMS
They celebrate numerous festivals. The most popular of these, which attract visitors from all over the island,
are the procession at the monastery "Sission" on Low Sunday and that of the island's patron saint, St
Gerasimos, on October 20th and August 16th. The Kefalonians also love to tease and crack jokes which can be
very annoying sometimes. The carnival is their favourite festival because it allows them to play practical jokes
on one another. In the parades of Argostoli, dancers in multi-coloured costumes, chariots, and masquerading
persons perform impromptu numbers and jokes. A traditional costume, almost extinct now, is the "kavalieros"
(escort). It consists of a Greek kilt, kasque, bells, silk ribbons, and various trinkets on the chest. The jokes don't
stop after Shrove Monday. On Easter, Holy Saturday and even on Good Friday the followers of all churches
gather at one square and the youths compete in throwing noisy firecrackers. On June 24th, an ancient custom
which revives the use of fire as a means of purification and strength is still preserved. On "Ai Gianni
Lambadiaris" day young girls light fires to honour the saint. Last but not least there are the traditional
Kefalonian weddings and baptisms where the godfathers and godmothers can be as many as twenty people.
If there is a disagreement about the name, the baby gets two names. This is a regular occurrence in the
Ionians.

DANCES
Kefalonians are jolly and fun-loving people by nature.
They love dancing and singing. Their most significant
dances, with minor variations, are the local
"Kalamatianos", the Kefalonian "Balos", the "Syrtos", the
"Stavrotos", the "Gyrouzato", the "Vlaha", the "Gires",
the "Diliniatiko", the "Divaratiko", the "Zonaratiko", the
"Thiniatiko", the "Koutsos", and the "Sartisto". In years
past, the dances were accompanied by singing. One
person sang and the others repeated the lyrics. Today
the dances are accompanied by musical instruments.
Couples of dancers hold handkerchieves between them
and one follows the lead of the other who forms the
steps and patterns -the "tsalimia". The Kefalonians have
been influenced by western music, especially from the
Italians. At their reunions, they also dance quadrillas,
waltzes, and polkas.

NAXOS
Naxos is the largest island of the Cyclades and is located right in the center. It
offers a wealth of different experiences to visitors, combining traditional elements with modern
comforts, quiet getaways and lively nightlife, enchanting beaches and amazing food. Naxos has a
rich aquifer that plays an important role in the fertility of the land that offers excellent local
products such as Naxos potatoes, onions, wine, olives (table known as askoudes), oil, raki and the
local drink citrus. Citrus fruits and various pastries are also produced (grapes, sour cherries,
cherries, oranges, bergamots, figs, walnuts, etc.). Naxos citrus liqueur is a trademark of the city
and is available in plain or two colors, green with chlorophyll and yellow with citrus. It is a
distillate, which come from the leaves of the citrus, which are harvested from October to
February, when their aroma is very intense. After proper processing, they are placed in traditional
copper cauldrons to distill

Dances
Naxos, an island of feasting, of Dionysus and Apollo, is a central nucleus and a
flourishing music cell among the other islands of the Cyclades. In the Axoti dances
there is a strong erotic element (although the dance represents many aspects of
Naxiotis life) and they are dances facing each other. The influences in the music and
the dances of the island are to a large extent Asia Minor mainly from the big urban
centers (Smyrna, City). To must be said that until the mid-50s, in the Naxian festivals it
was danced in addition to the Asia Minor purposes: Hasapiko, Zeybekiko, Karsilama
and Ayvaliotiko and various foreign dances such as: Fox Angle, Polka, Tango, B. as well
as the popular people of the time (while many times the were requested by the
customers even on land).

Gastronomy and products
A special note of the island is
the legendary Kitro Naxos.
Lemon is a lemon liqueur
produced in Naxos. It is made
from the fruit and leaves of the
lemon tree, which is similar to
lemon but has a stronger and
slightly different taste. Naxos
citrus liqueur is a registered
trademark of the city

Gastronomy
Naxos is known for the pork roast (garlic pork
in the pot), pork fricassee with lambs
(amaranth grass), village rooster (wine),
lemony rabbit, goat with potatoes or
macaroni, crab with eggplant and cheese). Of
course, there is also seafood. It should be
noted that the island of Naxos has received
nationwide recognition for cheese and Naxos
potatoes.

Musical
instruments
The folk musical instruments that were associated with
Naxos are the souvliari (flute), the dumbaki (drum), the
jambuna, the violin and the lute. The souvliari participated
in festivities until the first decades of 1900. The tsambouna
plays the first role in violin festivals. Today the tsambounes
are used in the company parties at home and on
Halloween. Then the violin and the lute, which came to
Naxos from Central Asia. These instruments (especially the
violin) were much loved by the people of Naxos and sealed
the musical & quot life of the islanders, in the last century.

A FEW WORDS
LEROS is a Greek island and municipality in the
Dodecanese in the southern Aegean Sea. The
population is 7,917 people. The municipality of Leros
covers an area of 74.172 kilometres. It is known for its
imposing medieval castle of the Knights of Saint John
built in the 11th century by the Byzantines.

Gastronomy
LEROS has played a big role in the
gastronomy of the country. Its original
recipes have been distinguished by the
greatest chefs in the country.

A traditional lerical recipe
Patsavouropita
Ingredients
 4 eggs
 200 gr. cheese mix
 pepper
 a dash of nutmeg
 300 gr. yoghurt
 450 gr. crust
 150 gr. olive oil

Musical instruments
The main musical instruments that we find in
the islands of the Dodecanese are the
tsambouna, the lyre and the violin, while the
main accompaniment instruments are the
lute and the santouri.

 On the island of Leros there are two types of women's costume.
 Urban-good costume (fig.1)
It includes:
 Head scarf (the color and design of the scarf depended on the woman's age and her
family-social position).
 Anteri (white long shirts with lace or embroidery on the bodice. Lace was also present
in the finishes).
 Cavady (outer long dress with openings on the sides below the knee as well as on the
sleeves with one end folded in order to show the laces).
 Waist scarf (this is a large colored scarf that is triangularly tied in the middle with the
corner on the side or back).
 Lampants (it is a short vest made of fabric or felt with short sleeves under the elbow,
gold embroidered on the edges).

 Agrotissa – everyday costume (fig. 2)
 This is a similar costume less plump (in embroidery and lace) sewn with
cheaper fabrics in which the vest was not always a given. The main
difference lies in the existence of Vrakas made of the same fabric as the
kavadi which is shorter in order to facilitate household chores and work in
the fields. We should also say that in the middle instead of a kerchief they
wore a belt.

Traditional dances
 Leros’ dances are calm, vivid or hoping. More characteristic are:
 ISOS, an authentic dance of Leros, calm and gentle with a small sway.
 STAVROTOS,
a very popular dance in Dodecanese islands, where dancers hold hands crisscross.
 PASOUMAKI,
with many similarities to Stavrotos dance. It is danced on the foot heel.
 SYRTOS
that has similarities with syrtos dance from other islands.
 BALARISTOS
a vivid – hoping dance. It has its roots in Byzantium, where it was named skirtos, because it reminds
of a surprise.

Geographical departments written by:
 Deliezou Ilektra: Crete and Central Greece
 Ellinas Konstantinos: Thrace
 Gouras Stavros: Aegean Sea Islands (Naxos)
 Karantani Despoina: Peloponnese and Ionio Sea Islands
 Kordonouris Konstantinos: Aegean Sea Islands ( Leros)
 Kritikos Georgios: Thessaly
 Mantzartzis Nikos: Epirus
 Mavros Michalis: Macedonia

A special thank to
“The students of the 2nd Junior High School of Leros for this
wonderful trip. Without their valuable help no goal would
have been possible. Always be creative and motivate us to
keep going.’’
The teachers:
Papaioannou Eleni
Stamou Dimitra

Cultural diversity. Project made by 2nd Junior High school, Leros GREECE, 2020 2021

Cultural diversity. Project made by 2nd Junior High school, Leros GREECE, 2020 2021

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Cultural diversity. Project made by 2nd Junior High school, Leros GREECE, 2020 2021