Heterosis Studies for Agro-morphological and Fiber Quality Traits in Cotton (...Premier Publishers
The present investigation was undertaken to estimate the extent of heterosis for yield, yield related and fiber quality traits designed among 16 parents, 2 testers, 32 hybrids and 4 standard checks developed through line x tester method during 2017 cropping season using 6x9 alpha lattice design. The analysis of variance indicated substantial variability among the experimental material for most yield and fiber quality traits. Mid parent, better parent and standard heterosis estimated in the range between -24.2 to 63.99%, -28.13 to 56.12% and -27.7 to 64.95% for lint yield, respectively. The magnitude of mid and better parent ranged from -24.67 to 55.01% and -25.56 to 50.66% for seed cotton yield, respectively. Moreover, hybrids L9 x T2, L10 x T1, L16 x T1 and L10 x T2 hybrids showed positive and significant standard heterosis of 64.95%, 64.79%, 63.20% and 52.55% over best check variety for lint yield, respectively. A minimum for hybrids L3 x T2, L13 x T2 and L3 x T2 while maximum for hybrids L9 x T2, L9 x T2 and L10 x T1 displayed positive and significant mid and better parent heterosis for seed cotton yield, respectively.
Heterosis Studies for Agro-morphological and Fiber Quality Traits in Cotton (...Premier Publishers
The present investigation was undertaken to estimate the extent of heterosis for yield, yield related and fiber quality traits designed among 16 parents, 2 testers, 32 hybrids and 4 standard checks developed through line x tester method during 2017 cropping season using 6x9 alpha lattice design. The analysis of variance indicated substantial variability among the experimental material for most yield and fiber quality traits. Mid parent, better parent and standard heterosis estimated in the range between -24.2 to 63.99%, -28.13 to 56.12% and -27.7 to 64.95% for lint yield, respectively. The magnitude of mid and better parent ranged from -24.67 to 55.01% and -25.56 to 50.66% for seed cotton yield, respectively. Moreover, hybrids L9 x T2, L10 x T1, L16 x T1 and L10 x T2 hybrids showed positive and significant standard heterosis of 64.95%, 64.79%, 63.20% and 52.55% over best check variety for lint yield, respectively. A minimum for hybrids L3 x T2, L13 x T2 and L3 x T2 while maximum for hybrids L9 x T2, L9 x T2 and L10 x T1 displayed positive and significant mid and better parent heterosis for seed cotton yield, respectively.
This Slideshare covers the description about DUS characterization. parameters of DUS testing, criteria of DUS Testing in tetraploid cotton or American cotton
Estimation of genetic parameters and selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L...Innspub Net
The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters of sorghum lines developed by Single Seed Descent as information for yield improvement through selection. The research was conducted from July to October 2014 in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia with an altitude of ± 240 m above sea level and a temperature of 27°C. The genetic materials used consisted of 201 RILs F5, and Numbu, Samurai-1, and Samurai-2 (national varieties), and a mutant B69 as check varieties. The experimental design used was augmented design. The results showed that the RILs F5 significantly different in the characters of seed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight, and grain weight panicle-1. High broad sense heritability values and broad genetic diversity were observed in the character of the seed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight and grain weight panicle-1. There were RILs F5 which have higher yield than the two parents and are uniform with lower within line variance. Selection was conducted based on grain weight panicle-1 increased 35.3% yield, but at the same time increased plant height by 5%. Simultaneous selection by grain weight panicle-1 and plant height increased yield by 21% and reduced plant height by -6.9%. This gives the opportunity to obtain shorter high yielding varieties.
Heterosis, Combining ability and Phenotypic Correlation for Some Economic Tra...Galal Anis, PhD
This investigation was carried out to study heterosis , combining ability and phenotypic correlation in a diallel mating design among 6 Egyptian rice genotypes (excluding reciprocals),including 3 varieties ( Sakha 101, Sakha 104 and Sakha 105),and 3 promising lines (Gz6903, Gz7576 and Gz8479). An experiment was conducted at the research Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr EL-sheikh, Egypt during 2013 growing season and designed in a randomize complete block with three replications. Data were recorded on nine traits; days to maturity, chlorophyll content, flag leaf area, plant height, number of panicles / plant, panicle fertility (%), Panicle weight ,1000-grain weight and grain. The results revealed that, the genotypes were highly significant different in all studied characters. The cross (Sakha 101 × GZ6903) showed positive and significant heterosis for mid and better parents for most studied traits. The parent (Sakha 101) was good general combiner for most studied traits. The cross (Sakha 101 × GZ6903) showed positive and highly significant for specific combining ability effects for grain yield and its components.Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with days to maturity, chlorophyll content, plant height, number of panicles/plant and panicle weight .On the contrary, plant height had significant negative association with days to maturity.
Variability, heritability and genetic advance analysis for grain yield in riceIJERA Editor
Ten diverse genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were crossed in a diallel fashion to study variability , heritability and genetic advance for 12 quantitative characters . A considerable amount of variability (gcv) varied from 5.95 for no. of leaves per tiller to 17.40 for grain yield per plant and the estimates of pcv varied from 7.08 for days to 50% flowering to 17.49 for grain yield per plant. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.721 for total biological yield per plant to 1.000 for plant height . Since the heritability in broad sense was estimated , therefore . other parameters should also be considered for selecting the genotypes. The genetic advance varied from 0.71 for no. of leaves per tiller to 46.23 for no. of spikelets per panicle. High estimates of genetic advance was reported for plant height , days to maturity , days to 50% flowering and total biological yield per plant . However, high heritability estimates was associated with high predicted genetic advance for plant height , days to maturity ,days to 50% flowering and no. of spikelets per panicle. The situation is encouraging since selection based on these characters being of additive in nature , is likely to be more effective for their improvement. As such phenotypic selection for those traits is likely to be more effective for their improvement. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were higher than those of genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits except plant height. High estimates of heritability and genetic advance were obtained for plant height , number of spikelets per panicle , days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity . These traits were mostly governed by additive gene action. And these characters are important for the breeder to construct selection indices.
Heterotic group “is a group of related or unrelated genotypes from the same or different populations, which display similar combining ability and heterotic response when crossed with genotypes from other genetically distinct germplasm groups.”
Genetic Divergence Studies in Black Gram (Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper)ijtsrd
The experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 to estimate the genetic divergence, using 120 black gram genotypes for nine quantitative characters. Among the nineteen clusters, cluster I had maximum number of genotypes (62) followed by the cluster III (16 genotypes), cluster XIV (11 genotypes), cluster (9 genotypes). Clusters XV and XVII (4 genotypes) and cluster XVIII (2 genotypes). The clusters viz., II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII, XIII, XVI and XIX had one genotype each. The cluster XVII exhibited the maximum intra cluster distance. The maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster XIX and IV. The maximum genetic divergence per cent was contributed by the trait number of clusters per plant. The cluster II and VI had the lowest mean value for days to 50% flowering and the cluster VII had the highest mean value for the trait and number of pods per plant. L. Priya | M. Arumugam Pillai | D. Shoba | N. Aananthi"Genetic Divergence Studies in Black Gram (Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd16958.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/allied-sciences/16958/genetic-divergence-studies-in-black-gram-vigna-mungo-l-hepper/l-priya
Genetic diversity and association analysis for different morphological traits...Open Access Research Paper
Capsicum annuum L. is the extensively cultivated species of peppers (chilies) in all over the world. Its fruits are used for spiciness (capsaicin) and color (capsanthin) in our daily foods. Pakistan is the leading chili consuming country. Genetic divergence among 25 accessions (local and exotic) collected from Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad, Pakistanwas estimated from the data collected during the year 2014 in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan for different morphological and growth parameters viz fruit width, fruit length, peduncle length, number of primary branches, inter nodal length, plant height, seed index, 1000 seed weight, fresh and dry fruit weight, pericarp thickness, leaf area and seeds per fruit. Based on this characterization the plants were grouped into 5 clusters and diversity among accessions was indicated by the wide range of D2 values whereas phenotypic correlation for all the characters was found significant. Five components were selected as principle components with Eigen values > 1. These components exhibited 77.2% of the variation. The first principal component (PC I) explained 27.2% of total variation in original data, second component (PC II) explained 18.9%, and third principal component (PC III) explained 12.5% of variation. The other principal components (PC IV and PC V explained an additional 18.6% of the variation (a total 77.2% of explained variation. Accessions with distinct identity were marked, which are likely to be quite suitable for breeding through hybridization by combining desirable traits. High estimates of broad sense heritability (90%) for all the characters except peduncle length predicted that selection could be awarding in late segregating generations and above accessions could be utilized in hybridization programme for C. annuum crop improvement.
This Slideshare covers the description about DUS characterization. parameters of DUS testing, criteria of DUS Testing in tetraploid cotton or American cotton
Estimation of genetic parameters and selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L...Innspub Net
The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters of sorghum lines developed by Single Seed Descent as information for yield improvement through selection. The research was conducted from July to October 2014 in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia with an altitude of ± 240 m above sea level and a temperature of 27°C. The genetic materials used consisted of 201 RILs F5, and Numbu, Samurai-1, and Samurai-2 (national varieties), and a mutant B69 as check varieties. The experimental design used was augmented design. The results showed that the RILs F5 significantly different in the characters of seed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight, and grain weight panicle-1. High broad sense heritability values and broad genetic diversity were observed in the character of the seed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight and grain weight panicle-1. There were RILs F5 which have higher yield than the two parents and are uniform with lower within line variance. Selection was conducted based on grain weight panicle-1 increased 35.3% yield, but at the same time increased plant height by 5%. Simultaneous selection by grain weight panicle-1 and plant height increased yield by 21% and reduced plant height by -6.9%. This gives the opportunity to obtain shorter high yielding varieties.
Heterosis, Combining ability and Phenotypic Correlation for Some Economic Tra...Galal Anis, PhD
This investigation was carried out to study heterosis , combining ability and phenotypic correlation in a diallel mating design among 6 Egyptian rice genotypes (excluding reciprocals),including 3 varieties ( Sakha 101, Sakha 104 and Sakha 105),and 3 promising lines (Gz6903, Gz7576 and Gz8479). An experiment was conducted at the research Farm of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha, Kafr EL-sheikh, Egypt during 2013 growing season and designed in a randomize complete block with three replications. Data were recorded on nine traits; days to maturity, chlorophyll content, flag leaf area, plant height, number of panicles / plant, panicle fertility (%), Panicle weight ,1000-grain weight and grain. The results revealed that, the genotypes were highly significant different in all studied characters. The cross (Sakha 101 × GZ6903) showed positive and significant heterosis for mid and better parents for most studied traits. The parent (Sakha 101) was good general combiner for most studied traits. The cross (Sakha 101 × GZ6903) showed positive and highly significant for specific combining ability effects for grain yield and its components.Grain yield was significantly and positively correlated with days to maturity, chlorophyll content, plant height, number of panicles/plant and panicle weight .On the contrary, plant height had significant negative association with days to maturity.
Variability, heritability and genetic advance analysis for grain yield in riceIJERA Editor
Ten diverse genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were crossed in a diallel fashion to study variability , heritability and genetic advance for 12 quantitative characters . A considerable amount of variability (gcv) varied from 5.95 for no. of leaves per tiller to 17.40 for grain yield per plant and the estimates of pcv varied from 7.08 for days to 50% flowering to 17.49 for grain yield per plant. The heritability estimates ranged from 0.721 for total biological yield per plant to 1.000 for plant height . Since the heritability in broad sense was estimated , therefore . other parameters should also be considered for selecting the genotypes. The genetic advance varied from 0.71 for no. of leaves per tiller to 46.23 for no. of spikelets per panicle. High estimates of genetic advance was reported for plant height , days to maturity , days to 50% flowering and total biological yield per plant . However, high heritability estimates was associated with high predicted genetic advance for plant height , days to maturity ,days to 50% flowering and no. of spikelets per panicle. The situation is encouraging since selection based on these characters being of additive in nature , is likely to be more effective for their improvement. As such phenotypic selection for those traits is likely to be more effective for their improvement. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation were higher than those of genotypic coefficient of variation for all the traits except plant height. High estimates of heritability and genetic advance were obtained for plant height , number of spikelets per panicle , days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity . These traits were mostly governed by additive gene action. And these characters are important for the breeder to construct selection indices.
Heterotic group “is a group of related or unrelated genotypes from the same or different populations, which display similar combining ability and heterotic response when crossed with genotypes from other genetically distinct germplasm groups.”
Genetic Divergence Studies in Black Gram (Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper)ijtsrd
The experiment was conducted during 2017-2018 to estimate the genetic divergence, using 120 black gram genotypes for nine quantitative characters. Among the nineteen clusters, cluster I had maximum number of genotypes (62) followed by the cluster III (16 genotypes), cluster XIV (11 genotypes), cluster (9 genotypes). Clusters XV and XVII (4 genotypes) and cluster XVIII (2 genotypes). The clusters viz., II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XII, XIII, XVI and XIX had one genotype each. The cluster XVII exhibited the maximum intra cluster distance. The maximum inter cluster distance was recorded between cluster XIX and IV. The maximum genetic divergence per cent was contributed by the trait number of clusters per plant. The cluster II and VI had the lowest mean value for days to 50% flowering and the cluster VII had the highest mean value for the trait and number of pods per plant. L. Priya | M. Arumugam Pillai | D. Shoba | N. Aananthi"Genetic Divergence Studies in Black Gram (Vigna Mungo (L.) Hepper)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-5 , August 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd16958.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/allied-sciences/16958/genetic-divergence-studies-in-black-gram-vigna-mungo-l-hepper/l-priya
Genetic diversity and association analysis for different morphological traits...Open Access Research Paper
Capsicum annuum L. is the extensively cultivated species of peppers (chilies) in all over the world. Its fruits are used for spiciness (capsaicin) and color (capsanthin) in our daily foods. Pakistan is the leading chili consuming country. Genetic divergence among 25 accessions (local and exotic) collected from Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad, Pakistanwas estimated from the data collected during the year 2014 in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan for different morphological and growth parameters viz fruit width, fruit length, peduncle length, number of primary branches, inter nodal length, plant height, seed index, 1000 seed weight, fresh and dry fruit weight, pericarp thickness, leaf area and seeds per fruit. Based on this characterization the plants were grouped into 5 clusters and diversity among accessions was indicated by the wide range of D2 values whereas phenotypic correlation for all the characters was found significant. Five components were selected as principle components with Eigen values > 1. These components exhibited 77.2% of the variation. The first principal component (PC I) explained 27.2% of total variation in original data, second component (PC II) explained 18.9%, and third principal component (PC III) explained 12.5% of variation. The other principal components (PC IV and PC V explained an additional 18.6% of the variation (a total 77.2% of explained variation. Accessions with distinct identity were marked, which are likely to be quite suitable for breeding through hybridization by combining desirable traits. High estimates of broad sense heritability (90%) for all the characters except peduncle length predicted that selection could be awarding in late segregating generations and above accessions could be utilized in hybridization programme for C. annuum crop improvement.
Genetic Divergence Studies for Quantative and Quality Traits in Tomato (Solan...IJEAB
The present experiment was carried out during spring-summer 2013 and 2014 to study genetic diversity for quantitative and quality traits in tomato at vegetable Experimental Farm, Division of Vegetable Science & Floriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha. The 25 genotypes were grouped into six clusters based on D2 values, which exhibited no association between geographical and genetic diversity. The cluster VI was the largest containing 9 genotypes followed by cluster I, II and IV containing four genotypes each. However, the cluster III (Lehar & US-3383) and cluster V (DVRT-2 & Marglobe) had minimum number of genotypes i.e two in each cluster. The intra-cluster distance was recorded maximum for cluster III (3.69) consisting of 2 genotypes namely Lehar & US-3383. Whereas, cluster IV, V, VI had lowest intra cluster distance i.e 0.00. The maximum distance at inter-cluster level was between cluster II and cluster VI (11.48) followed by clusters III and VI (9.83) indicating that the genotypes in these groups can be used for heterosis and recombinant breeding programme which may serve as potential genotypes for hybridization programme. Cluster mean analysis (Table 4) showed that cluster I was earliest to flowering (29.07 days); days to first marketable fruit picking (70.15) and maximum number of fruits per plant (27.73); cluster II showed maximum performance for number of locules per fruit (3.77); betacarotene (5.13mg) and minimum incidence of fruit borer (18.64%); cluster III showed maximum plant height (123.20 cm) and minimum intensity of early blight (27.27%); cluster IV recorded maximum fruit diameter (5.17cm) and average fruit weight (81.33 g); cluster V recorded maximum marketable fruit yield (3.73 kg/plot) and total fruit yield (5.27 kg/plot), pericarp thickness (6.75 mm), pH (4.43) and minimum number of seeds per fruit (62.45); cluster VI gave maximum fruit length (6.91cm), total soluble solids (4.340B), lycopene (3.85mg) and ascorbic acid (26.07mg).
Comparative potential on yield and its related characters in fine riceInnspub Net
A total of twenty fine grain rice cultivars including fifteen land races, three developed (Paijam, BR-49 and BR34) and two exotic (Philippine katari and Ranjit) varieties were collected from different parts of Bangladesh to identify the yield enhancing characters and to select desirable cultivars with high yield potential and high aroma emission from rice grain. The experiments were conducted in Aman season in 2013, in the Plant Breeding Research Field, HSTU, Dinajpur. Genetic variation for yield (t/ha) and other fourteen yield related characters like, plant height (cm), panicle length (cm), panicle weight (gm), total tillers/plant, productive tillers/plant, rachilla/panicle, sterile grain/panicle, total grain/panicle, 1000-grain weight (g), grain length (mm), grain breadth (mm), aroma content (%), days to 50% flowering, days to maturity was estimated. All the characters showed high heritability except sterile grain/panicle, indicated better progress under selection. High heritability (98.65%) was revealed by productive tillers/plant, suggested that the character would be less affected by environment. The cultivar, Ranjit produced the highest yield (4.96 t/h).The highest aroma contents in Kalozira (35%) and Kalosoru (30%) was estimated. The highest yield (4.96 t/h) was obtained from Ranjit and it was statistcally similar with the yields of Bolder (4.68 t/h), Malsira (4.25 t/h), Kalozira (4.33 t/h), BR-49 (4.26 t/h). The simultaneous consideration of yield potential and aroma emission from
rice grain, four cultivars viz. Kalozira, Radhunipagol, Badshabogh and Chinigura may be advanced for commercial cultivation by the farmers and agriculture entrepreneurs and may be incorporated in further breeding for the development of high yielding fine rice varieties but the highest amount of aroma emission (35%) and yield (4.33 t/h) indicated that Kalozira was the best aromatic rice cultivar. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-7-number-4-october-2015-ijaar/
Out Crossing, Heterozygosis and Inbreeding with Environments Interaction in R...paperpublications3
Abstract:The progenies of five sorghum heterozygous populations’ cycles were tested under main and off-season on two different environments irrigated and rainfall conditions for their outcrossing, heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient using SSR markers,the marker combinations were optimized according to their fragment size. Multi-locus outcrossing rate (tm) and average single-locus (ts) outcrossing rates were estimated using the MLTR software, and TFPGA computer program. The outcrossing rate effected directly by the temperature and relative humidity (RH) during the initial flowering period, which the low temperature with high RH under main season is revealed positive increased in outcrossing than off-season. Progenies outcrossing rate revealed same trend with main population outcrossing and the same trend was observed heterozygosity with decreased in inbreeding coefficient. Higher levels in outcrossing rate and heterozygosity was detected under rainfall environment in two based population progenies, but in three advanced population cycles the outcrossing rate was higher under irrigated than rainfed environment. Inbreeding coefficient revealed negative relation with outcrossing rate and heterozygosity in different population’s progenies.
Keyword:environment, recurrent selection, outcrossing, sorghum, progenies.
Out Crossing, Heterozygosis and Inbreeding with Environments Interaction in R...paperpublications3
Abstract:The progenies of five sorghum heterozygous populations’ cycles were tested under main and off-season on two different environments irrigated and rainfall conditions for their outcrossing, heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient using SSR markers,the marker combinations were optimized according to their fragment size. Multi-locus outcrossing rate (tm) and average single-locus (ts) outcrossing rates were estimated using the MLTR software, and TFPGA computer program. The outcrossing rate effected directly by the temperature and relative humidity (RH) during the initial flowering period, which the low temperature with high RH under main season is revealed positive increased in outcrossing than off-season. Progenies outcrossing rate revealed same trend with main population outcrossing and the same trend was observed heterozygosity with decreased in inbreeding coefficient. Higher levels in outcrossing rate and heterozygosity was detected under rainfall environment in two based population progenies, but in three advanced population cycles the outcrossing rate was higher under irrigated than rainfed environment. Inbreeding coefficient revealed negative relation with outcrossing rate and heterozygosity in different population’s progenies.
Correlation and path analysis for genetic divergence of morphological and fib...Innspub Net
Seventy five genotypes of cultivated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) were studied for morphological characteristics i-e plant height, monopodial branches, sympodial branches, boll weight, seed volume, seed density, seed index and fiber characters. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and estimates were made for genetic advance, broad sense heritability and coefficient of variance for the traits. ANOVA revealed highly significant variability among genotypes for all the characteristics studied. The estimates for heritability were
higher for seed index (0.93) and plant height (0.93). The highest value (6.4) for genetic advance was observed for
sympodial branches whereas lowest value was (0.17) for boll weight. Correlation analysis revealed positive and significant for most of the parameters. In path coefficient, the number of sympodial branches, boll weight, lint index and lint weight had maximum direct and positive effect on fiber fineness of seed cotton. Whereas, the number of monopodial branches, plant height, seed index, seed volume, seed density, staple length, fiber strength and ginning out turn (G.O.T%) had direct and negative effects on fiber of seed cotton. The principle component analysis (PCA) revealed significant differences between genotypes and the first four components with Eigen
values greater than 1 contributed 66.68% of the variability among the genotypes. The grouping of genotypes
possessing excelled traits signifies genetic potential of the germplasm for the improvement of seed and fiber characteristics in cotton crop. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-7-number-4-october-2015-ijaar/
Study on Combining Ability and Heterosis in Maize (Zea mays l.) Using Partial...Premier Publishers
In the present study, six diverse maize inbred lines were crossed in all possible combinations without reciprocals by using a half diallel mating design to obtain 15 single crosses. Inbred parents and their F1 single crosses with a check were evaluated to assess the role of general and specific combining ability and heterosis for some quantitative traits. Significant general combining ability variances was observed only for cob height and number of kernels per row and specific combining ability variances were observed for plant height, cob length, Number of kernel rows per cob, number of kernels per row, number of kernels per cob, cob weight, thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant. The GCA/SCA ratio was less than unity for all studied traits. Based on GCA estimates, it could be concluded that the best combiners were ML10, ML14 and ML15 inbred lines for most of the studied traits. This result indicated that these inbred lines could be considered as good combiners for improving these traits. Significant positive SCA effects were found for all studied traits. Based on SCA effects, it could be concluded that the crosses, ML06×ML10, ML10×ML15, and ML15×ML17 could be exploited by the maize breeders to increase maize yield. Three F1 hybrids such as ML06×ML10, ML10×ML15, and ML15×ML17 proved to be the outstanding hybrids to immediate further steps for commercial cultivation. Conclusively, the F1 hybrid, ML15×ML17 was the best combination as evaluated through combining ability and standard heterosis.
Genetic Variability and Multivariate Analysis in Indigenous and Exotic Sesame...Premier Publishers
The productivity of sesame in Ethiopia is below the world average due to lack of high yielding improved varieties. Understanding of genetic variability of characters becomes essential. Therefore, this study was conducted to estimate the
extent of genetic variation among yield and 19 yield components. One hundred sesame genotypes were evaluated in 10x10 triple lattice design at Werer during 2017 and 2018. The combined analysis of variance showed that the genotypes differed significantly. Higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were observed for shattering resistance, whereas plant height, number of capsules per plant, harvest index and seed yield showed medium values. High heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance were observed for shattering resistance, plant height, capsule per plant, harvest
index and seed yield. The present study revealed that to increase sesame seed yield, the genotypes should possess a
greater number of capsules, shattering resistance and high harvest index, which known to be important yield contributing
characters and selection based on these characters would be most effective. The D2 analysis exhibited the group of
genotypes into seven clusters. Assessment of sesame genetic resources with molecular markers assisted breeding should be
considered in the future.
Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance of Kabuli Chickpea (Cic...Premier Publishers
The present study was carried out to assess the extent of genetic variability among yield and yield related traits in selected kabuli chickpea genotypes. Forty-nine kabuli chickpea genotypes were studied for thirteen traits at Debre Zeit and Akaki using 7x7 simple lattice design in 2018 cropping season. Combined analysis of variance revealed that there was a significant difference among genotypes for all traits studied, indicating the presence of considerable amount of variability among genotypes. High Phenotypic coefficients of variation and moderate genotypic coefficients of variation value were shown for number of pods per plant and number of seeds per plant, respectively, indicating the possibility of genetic improvement in selection of these traits. High broad sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance were obtained for hundred-seed weight (91.88 and 23.81), number of pods per plant (68.07 and 28.13), number of secondary branches (80.92 and 27.80), number of seeds per plant (67.86 and 31.840), grain yield (62.33 and 24.42) and harvest index (75.70 and 28.17), respectively. This indicates that these characters could be improved easily through selection.
Assessment of Genetic Diversity in 13 Local Banana (Musa Spp.) Cultivars Usin...paperpublications3
Abstract: A Study was conducted to investigate the genetic variability among 13 local banana cultivars using 3 SSR primers of Mb1-69, Mb1-113 and Mb1-134. All the primer pairs amplified a total of 29 different marker bands with an average of 9.6 bands per primer. Among the 29 bands only 4 bands were monomorphic and the rest 25 bands were polymorphic. The sizes of the amplified DNA bands in 13 local banana cultivars varied from 200 bp to 600 bp. The primer Mb1-113 amplified the highest (14) number of DNA bands and the primer Mb1-69 amplified the lowest (7) number of DNA bands whilst primer Mb1-134 amplified 8 DNA bands. The values of pair-wise genetic distances ranged from 1.00 to 9.00 indicating the presence of wide genetic diversity. The dendogram constructed based on phylogenetic relationship analysis revealed that the highest genetic diversity (9.00) found between the cultivars champa and jawayta and also the cultivars champa and jahazy whilst the lowest (1.00) between the cultivars doubled haploid and kathaly, doubled haploid and sorishafruity, doubled haploid and amritsagor and doubled haploid and ganasundory. The UPGMA dendogram has segregated the 13 local banana cultivars into two major clusters. Agnishwar and champa formed in cluster 1 and the rest of the cultivars like sobri jesore, sobri, anazy, kathaly, jawayta, sorishafruity, amritsagor, jahazy, bangle, ganasundory and doubled haploid have constituted the cluster 2.
Grain Quality of Doubled Haploid Lines in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Produced by ...Galal Anis, PhD
Genetic devlopment to imrove genotypes with high quality is the most important approach of rice. Thus, anther culture technique is one of straight forward approaches for improvement of rice cultivars with good grain quality. Therefore, this investigation aimed to develop some doubled haploid lines (DH) through anther culture technique and evaluate them along with their five parents including two check varieties for some nutritional characteristics. The results indicated that the three mineral element contents (Zn, Mn and Fe) of rice grain were clearly different among genotypes (DH), which implied that genotypic variations might provide opportunities to select for higher mineral element content. Analysis of variance revealed that the differences among genotypes were significant for all studied traits. Highly significant positive correlations were recognized among the studied characteristics. Accordingly, Rice lines with the high nutritional values will use as donors for this trait in rice breeding programs for exploitation and in hybridization.
“Evaluation of aromatic short grain rice cultivars and elite lines for yield ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Similar to Genetic divergence study in introgressed F6 progenies from interspecific cross of (g. arboreum x g. anomalum) x g. barbadense (20)
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Genetic divergence study in introgressed F6 progenies from interspecific cross of (g. arboreum x g. anomalum) x g. barbadense
1. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 6(3): 680-687 (Sep 2015)
ISSN 0975-928X
http://ejplantbreeding.com 680
Research Article
Genetic divergence study in introgressed F6 progenies from interspecific
cross of (G. arboreum x G. anomalum) x G. barbadense .
Parde N. S.1
, Zate D.K.2
, Bhalerao G.A.3
, and Mehetre S. S.4
1
Department of Agricultural Botany, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri, Ahmednagar District,
Maharashtra, India -413 722, E-mail: nimuparde1@gmail.com
2
College of Agriculture, Golegaon, VNMKV, Parbhani, Hingoli District, Maharashtra -431705.
3
College of Agriculture, Golegaon, VNMKV, Parbhani, Hingoli District, Maharashtra-431705,
4
Mahatma PhuleKrishiVidyapeeth, Rahuri, Ahmednagar District, Maharashtra-413 722
(Received:10 Mar 2015; Accepted:28 May 2015)
Abstract
The present investigation was conducted with an objective to study genetic diversity available in 41 diverse F6 progenies of
interspecific cross with six checks of cotton, evaluated during Summer, 2009 by using Mahalanobis D2
method. The
genotypes were grouped into fourteen clusters indicating presence of appreciable amount of diversity and maximum
number of progenies (22) were grouped into cluster-I followed by cluster-III, with thirteen progenies and remaining clusters
were solitary. The highest intra cluster distance was observed between the progenies of cluster-III and included more
diverse genotypes than the remaining clusters. The highest inter cluster D2
value was observed between clusters XI and
XIV. Among the characters studied the highest contribution to the divergence was noted for short fibre index followed by
plant height and seed cotton yield per plant. This study helps to understand diversity in the progenies and to identify
appropriate genetic material for improvement of specific characters.
Key words
Cotton, genetic diversity, D2
analysis, fibre properties
Introduction
Cotton, the ‘White Gold’ and ‘King of fibre crops’
enjoys a pre-eminent status among all the cash
crops in the country and elsewhere by providing
principle raw material, the cotton, for textile
industry. It is an important agricultural commodity
and provides remunerative income to millions of
farmers both in developed and developing
countries. About 60 million people in our country
are engaged in textile industry. Taxonomically
cotton is described under the class Malvales,
family Malvaceae, series Hibisceae and the genus
Gossypium. The genus Gossypium includes about
50 species out of which 45 are diploid (2n=2x=26)
and five are tetraploid (2n=4x=52). Currently
Gossypium includes 50 species, four of which are
cultivated, 44 are wild diploids and two are wild
tetraploids (Percival and Kohel, 1990). Out of the
four cultivated species, Gossypium hirsutumL. and
G. barbadense commonly called as new world
cottons belong to tetraploids (2n = 4x = 52),
whereas G. herbaceum L. and G. arboretum are
diploids (2n = 2x = 26) and are commonly called
as old world cottons. It was one of the first crops to
which, the rediscovered Mendelian principles were
applied (Ballis, 1906).
Wild species of Gossypium are rich with rare
desirable attributes that are not available in the
germplasm of cultivated species. Hence,
conservation of wild germplasm along with other
genetic stocks forms an integral part of breeding
strategy in cotton improvement. Hybridization
between species is undertaken either for exploiting
the hybrid vigour or to incorporate desirable gene
or constellation of genes into cultivated species.
Hence, introgression of character/s through
interspecific hybridization is resorted to, to enrich
the genetic heritage of the cultivated species. The
possibilities of evolving interspecific commercial
hybrid between G. hirsutum and G. barbadense
with extra long, fine, strong and silky fibre were
indicated in early 1950s. The first of such
interspecific hybrid between American and
Egyptian cotton known as Varalaxmi was released
in 1972 (Katarki, 1981). Katageri and Kadapa
(1989) identified bollworm tolerant interspecific
hybrids. Wild species of cotton which form the
bulk of the genus Gossypium are the source of
genes for resistance to pests and diseases, with
good fibre properties. As G. anomalum is known
to contribute high fibre strength, there is need to
transfer this trait to cultivated species to meet
textile needs. If the fertile derivatives are
recovered from crosses between cultivated cotton
and G. anomalum, having normal seed setting,
they will be a valuable source of exceptional good
qualities like strength, luster and smooth silky feel.
Attempt were made (Mehetre et. al., 2002) to
transfer some of the useful character of G.
anomalum to cultivated cottons, through
interspecific hybridization and hexaploid F1
hybrids of G. hirsutum X G. anomalum have also
been reported (Mehetre et. al., 2003).
Materials and Methods
The present investigation was carried out under All
India Co-ordinated Cotton Improvement Project, at
Rahuri, Ahmed nagar District, during summer,
2009. The materials for present investigation were
consisted of F6 generation of three ways cross (G.
2. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 6(3): 680-687 (Sep 2015)
ISSN 0975-928X
http://ejplantbreeding.com 681
arboretum × G. anomalum) × G. barbadense. The
parental material was selected from species garden
maintained at Cotton Improvement Project,
M.P.K.V., Rahuri. The experimental seed material
was already generated by (Mehetre et al., 2004) at
All India Co-ordinated Cotton Improvement
Project (AICCIP), Rahuri. The experiment was
conducted in Randomized Block Design with three
replications during summer, 2009. Each plot
consisted of single row of 7.2 mt in length with
spacing of 90 cm between rows and 60 cm
between plants within rows for introgressed
progenies, 90 cm between rows and 90.0 cm
between plants within rows for intra hirsutum
hybrids and 120 cm between rows and 120 cm
between plants within rows for inter specific
hybrids. The randomization was done irrespective
of spacing. The border row of maize along with
cowpea was grown from all sides of plot as trap
crops. Five randomly selected competitive plants
of each progeny of each replication were taken for
recording observations on 16 morphological
characters viz, Days to first flowering, days to 50%
flowering, days to boll bursting, days to maturity,
plant height, plant spread/plant, average boll
weight, seed index, lint index, ginning per cent,
seed cotton yield per plant, locular damage, jassids
/ aphids / thrips/ white fly incidence
(no./leaves/grate) and 5 fibre properties viz., 2.5%
span length, fibre strength, micronaire, elongation
and SFI. The data was subjected to multivariate
analysis as suggested by Mahalanobis (1936) and
genotypes were grouped into different clusters
following Tocher’s method (Rao, 1952) and
character contribution towards diversity was
estimated. The intra and inter cluster distances
were calculated by the formula given by Singh and
Chaudhary (1977).
Results and discussion
In the present study during summer 2009, the 41
introgressed F6 progenies with 6 standard checks
grouped into 14 clusters based on D2
statistics for
21 characters. Similar reports indicating substantial
diversity in cotton were available from Sandhu et
al. (1987) and Sandhu and Boparai (1997) who
grouped 69 F6 genotypes into twelve clusters and
from Basavaraddi and Katageri (2011) who
grouped twenty four derivatives of F8 generation of
cross between G. hirsutum var. DS-28 and G.
barbadense var. SB (YF) - 425 into eight clusters.
The distribution pattern of genotypes into fourteen
clusters is shown in table 1. The torcher’s cut off
Value were at 173.20. The diagrammatic
representation depicting the special position of
each cluster in relation to other cluster is shown in
figure 1. Among fourteen cluster, cluster I was the
largest with 22 progenies followed by cluster III
with 13 progenies. The remaining clusters (cluster
II, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII and
XIV) were solitary each containing single progeny.
Distribution of genotypes into different clusters
suggested the presence of substantial genetic
divergence among the genotypes and indicated that
these materials may serve as a good source for
selecting the diverse parents for hybridization
programme aimed at isolating desirable
recombinants for seed cotton yield as well as other
characters.
Average intra and inter cluster D2
values are given
in table 2. Intra cluster distance was highest in the
cluster III with D2
values of 157.92 followed by
cluster I with D2
value 114.52, suggesting that
genotypes in cluster III were relatively more
diverse than the genotypes in other clusters. The
highest inter cluster distance (1532.90) was
recorded between cluster XI and cluster XIV
followed by 1269.91 (cluster V and cluster XIV),
1144.66 (cluster IV and cluster XIV). The lowest
inter cluster distance was noticed between cluster
IV and cluster V (71.55) followed by 99.61(cluster
VIII and cluster IX) indicating close genetic
relationship between genotypes of these clusters
and consequently lesser importance in enhancing
expression of desirable traits. Similar results were
reported by Singh et al. (2004), Satish et al. (2009)
and Basavaraddi and Katageri (2011).
The contribution of individual characters to the
divergence has been worked out in terms of
number of times it appeared first. The percent
contribution of each character towards the
divergence is given in table 3. Among the
characters studied the highest contribution to the
divergence was recorded for short fibre index
(55.23%) followed by plant height (10.27%) and
seed cotton yield per plant (5.92%). Contribution
to total divergence was also reported by Sandhu
and Boparai (1997), Sambarmurthyet al. (1995a
and 1995b
), Singh et al. (2004) and Sakthi et al.
(2009).
Analysis of cluster means revealed the relative
contribution of different traits to the total
divergence by the different clusters. Based on
range of means, it is possible to know the
characters influencing divergence. In the present
investigation, it was observed that progenies
grouped under cluster IV recorded highest (83.73
g) cluster mean for seed cotton yield. In respect of
component characters, cluster XI recorded
minimum value (55.33) for days to first flowering
at desirable direction, cluster II recorded minimum
value (76.00) for days to 50% flowering, cluster X
recorded minimum mean (107.67) for days to boll
bursting and locular damage (10.67%), while
cluster VII recorded minimum value (128.33) for
maturity. Cluster XIII recorded highest cluster
mean for plant height (144.40 cm), while cluster
VI for plant spread (90.27 cm). Cluster XII
recorded highest mean (4.01 g) for boll weight,
while cluster X recorded for seed index (10.25 g)
and cluster V recorded highest mean for lint index
3. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 6(3): 680-687 (Sep 2015)
ISSN 0975-928X
http://ejplantbreeding.com 682
(6.53) and ginning percentage (41.67%) (Table
4).In case of sucking pest infestation, cluster IX
recorded lowest mean for aphids (9.55) and jassids
(4.22) incidence, while cluster VIII recorded
lowest mean (0.22) for white fly incidence.
Progenies in cluster II, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X and
XIV recorded zero cluster mean value for thrips
incidence (Table 5). In case of fibre properties,
progenies in cluster XI recorded maximum mean
for 2.5% span length (34.20) and fibre strength
(25.30). Cluster VII recorded for minimum mean
(2.80) in desirable direction for micronaire and
progeny in cluster XIV recorded highest mean
(14.30) for short fibre index (Table 6). Thus, these
genotypes hold great promise as parental stock to
create genetic variability as well as suitable donors
for improvement of these characters in
hybridization programme.
References
Ballis, W. L. 1906. Studies in Egyptian cotton in
‘yearbook khediv, agric. Soc., pp: 29-89.
Basavaraddi, N. and Katageri, I.S. 2011.Genetic
diversity studies in recombinant lines from
interspecific cross of G. hirsutumx G.
barbadense. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 24(3):
268 - 272.
Katageri, I.S. and Kadapa, S.N. 1989. Heterosis and
gene action for yield and contributing
characters in inter-specific hybrids (G.
hirsutumx G. barbadense).The Indian J. Genet
Plant Breed.,49(1): 107-111.
Katarki, B.H. 1981. Annual Report, DCH-32, high
yielding interspecific hybrid, University of
Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore.
Mahalanobis, P. C. 1936. On the generalized distance in
statistics.Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., India, 2 : 49-
55.
Mehetre, S.S., Aher, A.R., Shinde, G.C., Gomes, M.
and Eapen, S. 2004. RAPD analysis of
interspecific hybrid between Gossypium
arboretum and Gossypium stocksii.
Caryologia, 57(2): 167-171.
Mehetre, S.S., Aher, A.R., Patil, V.R., Gawande, V.L.,
Mokate, A.S., Gomes, M. and Eapen, S. 2003.
Cytomorphological and molecular bases of
interspecific hybrid of Gossypium davidsonii
and Gossypium anomalum. Sabrao J.
Breed.,5(1): 43-56.
Mehetre, S.S., Gawande, V.L. and Aher, A.R. 2002. Use
of exogenous chemicals for overcoming
cross incompatibility in Gossypiumspp. J.
Plant. Biol., 29(1): 33-38.
Percival, E. and Kohel, R.J. 1990. Distribution collection
and evaluation of Gossypium.Adv. Agron.,
44: 225-228.
Rao, C.R. 1952. Advanced Statistics Methods in
Biometry, John Wiley, New York, pp. 357-
369.
Sakthi, A.R. Kumar, M and Ravikesavan, R. 2009.
Genetic diversity in cotton (Gossypium
hirsutum). Adv. Plant Sci., 22(1): 285-291.
Sambamurthy, J.S.V., Reddy, D.M. and Reddy, K.H.G.
1995a
.Studies on the nature of genetic
divergence in upland cotton (G.
hirsutumL.).Ann. Agric. Res., 16(3): 307-310.
Sambamurthy, J.S.V., Reddy, D.M. and Reddy, K.H.G.
1995b
. Genetic divergence for lint characters
in upland cotton (G. hirsutum). Ann. Agric.
Res., 16(3): 357- 359.
Sandhu, B.S. and Boparai, M.S. 1997. Genetic
divergence in GossypiumarboreumL. Indian J.
Genet.,57(4) : 461-465.
Sandhu, B.S., Arora, R.L. and Mehandiratta, P.D. 1987.
Genetic divergence in Gossypiumarboreum L.
Genetica Agraria, 41: 411-418.
Satish, Y., Jain, P.P. and Chhabra, B.S. 2009. Studies
on genetic diversity in upland cotton
(Gossypium hirsutum L.). J. Cotton Res.,
23(1): 18-22
Singh P., Rao, G. N. and Reddy, M. S., 2004. Studies on
heritability and variability for yield and its
components in cotton(Gossypium hirsutumL.).
J. Cot. Res. Dev., 15(1): 84-86.
Singh, P.K. and Chaudhary, B.D. 1977. Biometrical
Methods in Quantitative Genetic Analysis, 1st
Edn., Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi.
4. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 6(3): 680-687 (Sep 2015)
ISSN 0975-928X
http://ejplantbreeding.com 683
Table 1. Cluster-wise distribution of 47 F6 progenies of Cotton
Sl. No. Cluster No. of
genotypes
Name of progenies
1 I 22
64A/3R1T2-19, 52WA/3R2T1-9, LRA-5166, 9T/3R1T2-12, 63WA/6-5, 64A/3R2T1-6,
8T/6R2T2-5, 63WA/3R1T1, 10aab/20R2T2-12, 52WA/9R1T2-5, 9aab/6R2T1-10,
9aab/7R1T1-5, 45/7R1T1-2, 8T/6R1T2-12, 13D/3R2T1-1, 64A/3R1T1-1, Mallika non Bt,
9aab/6R1T2-18, 1T/5R1T2-1, 8T/6R2T2-8, 15/12R2T2-7, 10aab/6R2T2-17.
2 II 1 Phule 388
3 III 13
4T/5R1T2-15, 8T/6R1T2-1, 4T/5R1T1-8, 4T/5R1T2-15, 47/6R1T1-12, 15/1R1T2-7,
1T/5R2T2-13, 52WA/17R2T1-3, 1T/5R2T2-6, 10aab/20R2T2-7, 9aab/4R2T1-8, 1T/3R1T1-
13, 15/12R1T2-9
4 IV 1 MallikaBt
5 V 1 83/8R1T2-5
6 VI 1 5T/2R1T2-13
7 VII 1 52WA/3R2T1-6
8 VIII 1 10aab/20R1T2-15
9 IX 1 1T/5R2T2-5
10 X 1 RHCB-001
11 XI 1 Phule 688
12 XII 1 10aab/6R1T2-15
13 XIII 1 15/6R1T1-7
14 XIV 1 13D/9R2T2-9
Table 2. Average intra and inter cluster D2
values in 47 cotton progenies
Cluster I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV
I 114.52 237.64 246.11 184.20 214.14 222.96 194.78 191.61 243.62 225.04 350.26 209.30 331.57 632.06
II 0.00 121.69 489.82 655.32 221.65 490.73 424.09 402.97 522.03 777.15 285.78 453.69 214.93
III 157.92 494.16 596.66 241.01 438.55 416.68 395.68 527.88 793.17 308.14 391.78 303.18
IV 0.00 71.55 240.67 143.63 194.48 328.66 115.10 131.45 347.45 403.58 1144.66
V 0.00 390.52 154.83 199.42 343.15 109.02 122.78 360.69 461.67 1269.91
VI 0.00 273.07 322.85 291.77 313.56 502.68 354.74 234.08 708.71
VII 0.00 140.95 185.55 124.98 170.16 401.91 400.49 1019.89
VIII 0.00 99.61 280.96 244.72 483.95 605.28 926.04
IX 0.00 383.18 381.78 517.44 518.52 918.85
X 0.00 117.45 302.49 417.85 1083.83
XI 0.00 544.17 696.75 1532.90
XII 0.00 225.91 579.75
XIII 0.00 871.66
XIV 0.00
5. Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 6(3): 680-687 (Sep 2015)
ISSN 0975-928X
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Table 3. Per cent contribution of each character towards divergence in 47 F6 progenies of Cotton
Sr.
No.
Characters Per cent contribution Rank
1 Days to 50% Flowering 0.09 1
2 Days to Maturity 6.20 67
3 Plant Height (cm) 10.27 111
4 Plant Spread (cm) 2.31 25
5 Average Boll Weight (g) 0.00 0
6 Seed Index (g) 0.93 10
7 Lint index 0.46 5
8 Ginning % 6.20 67
9 Locular Damage (%) 1.94 21
10 2.5 % Span Length (mm) 1.20 13
11 Fibre Strength (g/Tex) 3.05 33
12 Micronaire (µg/Inch) 0.19 2
13 Elongation (%) 2.50 27
14 SFI (%) 55.23 597
15 Seed Cotton Yield/ Plant (g) 5.92 64