1. Down syndrome is caused by trisomy 21 and is characterized by intellectual disability and distinctive physical features. It is the most common genetic chromosomal disorder.
2. Turner syndrome is caused by a missing or partial X chromosome and affects growth and sexual development in females, causing short stature and infertility.
3. Klinefelter syndrome is the most common sex chromosome disorder in males, caused by at least one extra X chromosome, and is associated with infertility and less developed secondary sex characteristics.
This document provides an overview of genetic counseling. It defines genetics and genetic counseling, lists their objectives and components. It describes pedigree charting and the roles of the genetic counselor in providing information, estimating risk, and transmitting information to clients. Examples are given of different inheritance patterns and genetic disorders. The role of nurses in genetic counseling is outlined as receiving clients, obtaining family histories, providing support and information, encouraging questions, and maintaining privacy.
A review study on down syndrome disease RidwanMusa5
Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The document discusses the history, causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and prognosis, treatment options, complications, prevention strategies, management approaches, and outcomes of Down syndrome. Early intervention, screening for common health issues, addressing medical needs, and providing a supportive family environment can help improve development for those with Down syndrome.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or abnormal X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by an extra X chromosome, resulting in tall stature, less body hair, enlarged breasts, and infertility. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or abnormal X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by an extra X chromosome, resulting in enlarged breasts and reduced facial/body hair. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or abnormal X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by an extra X chromosome, resulting in enlarged breasts and reduced facial/body hair. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
Down syndrome is by far the most common and best known chromosomal disorder in humans and the most common cause of intellectual disability. It is primarily caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 (see the image below), which gives rise to multiple systemic complications as part of the syndrome. However, not all defects occur in each patient; there is a wide range of phenotypic variation
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or structural abnormalities of an X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other health issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by at least one extra X chromosome, resulting in enlarged breasts and reduced facial/body hair. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
This document provides information on Down syndrome, including its definition, types, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, complications, diagnosis, treatment, counseling, follow-up, and prevention. It defines Down syndrome as a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It describes the three main types and their characteristics. The document outlines the clinical exam findings, developmental delays, and medical issues associated with Down syndrome. It provides details on testing, multidisciplinary care, education supports, and lifelong management of the condition.
This document provides an overview of genetic counseling. It defines genetics and genetic counseling, lists their objectives and components. It describes pedigree charting and the roles of the genetic counselor in providing information, estimating risk, and transmitting information to clients. Examples are given of different inheritance patterns and genetic disorders. The role of nurses in genetic counseling is outlined as receiving clients, obtaining family histories, providing support and information, encouraging questions, and maintaining privacy.
A review study on down syndrome disease RidwanMusa5
Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The document discusses the history, causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis and prognosis, treatment options, complications, prevention strategies, management approaches, and outcomes of Down syndrome. Early intervention, screening for common health issues, addressing medical needs, and providing a supportive family environment can help improve development for those with Down syndrome.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or abnormal X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by an extra X chromosome, resulting in tall stature, less body hair, enlarged breasts, and infertility. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or abnormal X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by an extra X chromosome, resulting in enlarged breasts and reduced facial/body hair. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or abnormal X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by an extra X chromosome, resulting in enlarged breasts and reduced facial/body hair. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
Down syndrome is by far the most common and best known chromosomal disorder in humans and the most common cause of intellectual disability. It is primarily caused by trisomy of chromosome 21 (see the image below), which gives rise to multiple systemic complications as part of the syndrome. However, not all defects occur in each patient; there is a wide range of phenotypic variation
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition that affects females, caused by missing or structural abnormalities of an X chromosome. It can cause short stature, lack of sexual development at puberty, infertility, and other health issues. Klinefelter syndrome is a condition in males caused by at least one extra X chromosome, resulting in enlarged breasts and reduced facial/body hair. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a gene on the X chromosome shutting down, leading to intellectual disabilities, large ears, joint issues, and other traits.
This document provides information on Down syndrome, including its definition, types, epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, complications, diagnosis, treatment, counseling, follow-up, and prevention. It defines Down syndrome as a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It describes the three main types and their characteristics. The document outlines the clinical exam findings, developmental delays, and medical issues associated with Down syndrome. It provides details on testing, multidisciplinary care, education supports, and lifelong management of the condition.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It causes lifelong intellectual disability and developmental delays. There are three main types of Down syndrome - Trisomy 21, Mosaic Down syndrome, and Translocation Down syndrome. Trisomy 21 accounts for 95% of cases and is caused by abnormal cell division during conception. While Down syndrome cannot be prevented or cured, early intervention programs can help children with Down syndrome develop important skills and abilities. Individuals with Down syndrome also often face increased health risks such as heart defects and dementia. However, with medical advances, the average life expectancy for people with Down syndrome is now over 50 years.
This document summarizes key aspects of heredity and prenatal development. It discusses how chromosomes and genes influence traits and development. It describes genetic abnormalities like Down syndrome and sex-linked disorders. Prenatal testing methods like amniocentesis and ultrasound are outlined. Factors impacting fertility and conception chances are noted. The three stages of prenatal development - germinal, embryonic, and fetal - are briefly defined.
Down’s syndrome health problems and strategies for careKhulood Alzahrani
- What is Down syndrome
- Incidence and Types of Down syndrome
- General features of person with Down syndrome
- Complications associated with Down syndrome
- Mental health and behavioral problems and its management
- Features Related to Dentistry
- Managements in dental clinic
chromosomal disorders of the human body.pptanyaloreto813
1. Chromosomal disorders are caused by structural or numerical abnormalities in human chromosomes that can result in genetic conditions.
2. Some examples of chromosomal disorders discussed in the document include Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and Cri-du-chat syndrome.
3. Chromosomal disorders are associated with intellectual disabilities and physical abnormalities that vary depending on which chromosome is involved in the abnormality.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition where females are missing an entire or partial X chromosome. It affects about 1 in 2,500 baby girls. Common characteristics include short stature and lack of ovarian development leading to infertility. While it cannot be passed down from parent to child, it is typically caused during egg formation when chromosomes fail to separate properly. Diagnosis involves a karyotype blood test and treatment focuses on hormone replacement therapy to promote normal development and replace missing hormones.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition where females are missing an X chromosome. It affects about 1 in 2,500 baby girls. Common characteristics include short stature and lack of ovarian development leading to infertility. While it cannot be passed down from parent to child, it is typically caused by a failure of chromosomes to separate during egg formation. Diagnosis is often made based on physical characteristics, and can be confirmed with a blood test. Hormone replacement therapy is the primary treatment.
This document provides an overview of Down syndrome including definitions, features in newborns, common abnormalities, and age-specific healthcare guidelines. It summarizes the incidence of Down syndrome as occurring in 1 in 660 newborns. Common physical features in newborns include slanted palpebral fissures, anomalous auricles, and hypotonia. The document outlines numerous potential abnormalities and provides healthcare guidelines for individuals with Down syndrome from the neonatal period through adulthood.
Unit 1_ Genetic Disorders, Part 2, Educational Platform.pptuk581147
Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by an extra 21st chromosome. It leads to cognitive and physical impairments ranging from mild to moderate. The document discusses Down syndrome, including its definition, background, etiology, pathophysiology, potential problems, signs and symptoms, screening tests, nursing diagnoses, interventions, and management. It is intended to educate nursing students on Down syndrome.
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The document defines DS, discusses its etiology and pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, treatments, nursing management, nursing diagnoses and interventions, and prevention and education strategies. The primary goals in managing DS are to address delays, prevent complications, promote independence, and connect families to support and educational resources.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The document discusses the definition, types, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, treatments, nursing management, nursing diagnoses and interventions, and prevention and education regarding Down syndrome.
This document defines Mongolism (also known as Down Syndrome) and discusses its causes, manifestations, and management. Mongolism is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It is characterized by physical traits like a flattened face and developmental delays. Complications can include heart defects, infections, sleep apnea, and early dementia. Management involves early intervention, continuous checkups, and surgery if needed to address complications. Nursing care is based on any complications and aims to promote independence, prevent infections or injuries, and support development.
The document discusses Turner syndrome, a genetic condition where a female is born with only one X chromosome instead of the typical two. It provides background on the syndrome's discovery and symptoms to expect. Common symptoms include short stature, heart issues, infertility, and learning disabilities. Treatment focuses on growth hormone therapy, estrogen therapy, and psychological support to address medical, developmental, and social difficulties associated with Turner syndrome.
This document discusses birth defects, their causes, and prenatal diagnosis techniques. It covers common chromosomal and genetic causes of birth defects like Down syndrome. Environmental factors like infections, radiation, drugs, and maternal diseases are also discussed as teratogens that can cause birth defects. The document outlines the major types of birth defects and explains techniques used in prenatal diagnosis like ultrasound to detect fetal malformations.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by delayed physical and intellectual development. Affected individuals typically have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and characteristic facial features such as a flat nasal bridge. While signs and symptoms vary, early intervention can help maximize development. Prenatal screening and testing can detect Down syndrome, but the only definitive test is chromosome analysis after birth. Lifelong support is important for managing associated medical issues.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by delayed physical and intellectual development. Affected individuals typically have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and characteristic facial features such as a flat nasal bridge. While signs and symptoms vary, early intervention can help maximize development. Prenatal screening and testing can detect Down syndrome, but the only definitive test is chromosome analysis after birth. Lifelong support is important for managing associated medical issues.
This document provides information about genetics and genetic disorders. It defines key genetic concepts like genes, chromosomes, DNA, heredity, and genetic disorders. It then gives examples of several common genetic disorders: cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy, Huntington's disease, and Down syndrome. For each disorder it briefly explains the genetic cause, common symptoms, and impact on those affected. The document aims to educate about basic genetics and examples of genetic conditions.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It is characterized by cognitive delays, slower physical development, and distinctive facial features. Individuals with Down syndrome often have health issues such as heart defects, hearing or vision problems, thyroid issues, and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Their development follows a specific pattern, with relative strengths in social skills but delays in motor skills, language, and short-term verbal memory. Early intervention and education can help maximize their learning potential over their lifetime.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition where a person has three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the typical two copies. It causes delays in physical, intellectual, and language development. Common physical traits include a flat nasal bridge, upward slanting eyes, and a protruding tongue. While the extent can vary, most with Down syndrome have some degree of intellectual disability. Lifelong support is typically needed, but many live fulfilling lives. Early intervention, screening for common health issues, physical therapy, and skills development can help maximize potential.
This document discusses the meaning and importance of principles of teaching. It defines principles as fundamental truths or guiding norms that govern processes like education. Principles of teaching are derived from expert opinions, comparative studies of teachers, and educational experiments. They serve as the basis for intelligent educational practice and guide, stimulate, and interpret school practices. Principles are classified into starting, guiding, and ending types. Starting principles involve student characteristics and development. Guiding principles refer to instructional methods and techniques. Ending principles relate to educational goals, objectives, and outcomes. The document maintains that understanding principles of teaching can help educators better meet the needs of individual students.
This document discusses various methods of clinical teaching and their effectiveness in nursing education. It begins by defining clinical teaching and education, and outlines the objectives of explaining different teaching methods for staff and patients. Some key methods discussed include lectures, demonstrations, group discussions, seminars, role-playing, projects, and simulations. For each method, the document explains the process and provides advantages and disadvantages. The overall purpose is to evaluate different approaches to clinical instruction and their impacts on students' nursing skills and abilities.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It causes lifelong intellectual disability and developmental delays. There are three main types of Down syndrome - Trisomy 21, Mosaic Down syndrome, and Translocation Down syndrome. Trisomy 21 accounts for 95% of cases and is caused by abnormal cell division during conception. While Down syndrome cannot be prevented or cured, early intervention programs can help children with Down syndrome develop important skills and abilities. Individuals with Down syndrome also often face increased health risks such as heart defects and dementia. However, with medical advances, the average life expectancy for people with Down syndrome is now over 50 years.
This document summarizes key aspects of heredity and prenatal development. It discusses how chromosomes and genes influence traits and development. It describes genetic abnormalities like Down syndrome and sex-linked disorders. Prenatal testing methods like amniocentesis and ultrasound are outlined. Factors impacting fertility and conception chances are noted. The three stages of prenatal development - germinal, embryonic, and fetal - are briefly defined.
Down’s syndrome health problems and strategies for careKhulood Alzahrani
- What is Down syndrome
- Incidence and Types of Down syndrome
- General features of person with Down syndrome
- Complications associated with Down syndrome
- Mental health and behavioral problems and its management
- Features Related to Dentistry
- Managements in dental clinic
chromosomal disorders of the human body.pptanyaloreto813
1. Chromosomal disorders are caused by structural or numerical abnormalities in human chromosomes that can result in genetic conditions.
2. Some examples of chromosomal disorders discussed in the document include Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, and Cri-du-chat syndrome.
3. Chromosomal disorders are associated with intellectual disabilities and physical abnormalities that vary depending on which chromosome is involved in the abnormality.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition where females are missing an entire or partial X chromosome. It affects about 1 in 2,500 baby girls. Common characteristics include short stature and lack of ovarian development leading to infertility. While it cannot be passed down from parent to child, it is typically caused during egg formation when chromosomes fail to separate properly. Diagnosis involves a karyotype blood test and treatment focuses on hormone replacement therapy to promote normal development and replace missing hormones.
Turner syndrome is a genetic condition where females are missing an X chromosome. It affects about 1 in 2,500 baby girls. Common characteristics include short stature and lack of ovarian development leading to infertility. While it cannot be passed down from parent to child, it is typically caused by a failure of chromosomes to separate during egg formation. Diagnosis is often made based on physical characteristics, and can be confirmed with a blood test. Hormone replacement therapy is the primary treatment.
This document provides an overview of Down syndrome including definitions, features in newborns, common abnormalities, and age-specific healthcare guidelines. It summarizes the incidence of Down syndrome as occurring in 1 in 660 newborns. Common physical features in newborns include slanted palpebral fissures, anomalous auricles, and hypotonia. The document outlines numerous potential abnormalities and provides healthcare guidelines for individuals with Down syndrome from the neonatal period through adulthood.
Unit 1_ Genetic Disorders, Part 2, Educational Platform.pptuk581147
Down syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by an extra 21st chromosome. It leads to cognitive and physical impairments ranging from mild to moderate. The document discusses Down syndrome, including its definition, background, etiology, pathophysiology, potential problems, signs and symptoms, screening tests, nursing diagnoses, interventions, and management. It is intended to educate nursing students on Down syndrome.
Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The document defines DS, discusses its etiology and pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, treatments, nursing management, nursing diagnoses and interventions, and prevention and education strategies. The primary goals in managing DS are to address delays, prevent complications, promote independence, and connect families to support and educational resources.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome 21. It causes delays in physical and intellectual development. The document discusses the definition, types, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic tests, treatments, nursing management, nursing diagnoses and interventions, and prevention and education regarding Down syndrome.
This document defines Mongolism (also known as Down Syndrome) and discusses its causes, manifestations, and management. Mongolism is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It is characterized by physical traits like a flattened face and developmental delays. Complications can include heart defects, infections, sleep apnea, and early dementia. Management involves early intervention, continuous checkups, and surgery if needed to address complications. Nursing care is based on any complications and aims to promote independence, prevent infections or injuries, and support development.
The document discusses Turner syndrome, a genetic condition where a female is born with only one X chromosome instead of the typical two. It provides background on the syndrome's discovery and symptoms to expect. Common symptoms include short stature, heart issues, infertility, and learning disabilities. Treatment focuses on growth hormone therapy, estrogen therapy, and psychological support to address medical, developmental, and social difficulties associated with Turner syndrome.
This document discusses birth defects, their causes, and prenatal diagnosis techniques. It covers common chromosomal and genetic causes of birth defects like Down syndrome. Environmental factors like infections, radiation, drugs, and maternal diseases are also discussed as teratogens that can cause birth defects. The document outlines the major types of birth defects and explains techniques used in prenatal diagnosis like ultrasound to detect fetal malformations.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by delayed physical and intellectual development. Affected individuals typically have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and characteristic facial features such as a flat nasal bridge. While signs and symptoms vary, early intervention can help maximize development. Prenatal screening and testing can detect Down syndrome, but the only definitive test is chromosome analysis after birth. Lifelong support is important for managing associated medical issues.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21. It is characterized by delayed physical and intellectual development. Affected individuals typically have mild to moderate intellectual disabilities and characteristic facial features such as a flat nasal bridge. While signs and symptoms vary, early intervention can help maximize development. Prenatal screening and testing can detect Down syndrome, but the only definitive test is chromosome analysis after birth. Lifelong support is important for managing associated medical issues.
This document provides information about genetics and genetic disorders. It defines key genetic concepts like genes, chromosomes, DNA, heredity, and genetic disorders. It then gives examples of several common genetic disorders: cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, hemophilia, muscular dystrophy, Huntington's disease, and Down syndrome. For each disorder it briefly explains the genetic cause, common symptoms, and impact on those affected. The document aims to educate about basic genetics and examples of genetic conditions.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra chromosome 21. It is characterized by cognitive delays, slower physical development, and distinctive facial features. Individuals with Down syndrome often have health issues such as heart defects, hearing or vision problems, thyroid issues, and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Their development follows a specific pattern, with relative strengths in social skills but delays in motor skills, language, and short-term verbal memory. Early intervention and education can help maximize their learning potential over their lifetime.
Down syndrome is a genetic condition where a person has three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the typical two copies. It causes delays in physical, intellectual, and language development. Common physical traits include a flat nasal bridge, upward slanting eyes, and a protruding tongue. While the extent can vary, most with Down syndrome have some degree of intellectual disability. Lifelong support is typically needed, but many live fulfilling lives. Early intervention, screening for common health issues, physical therapy, and skills development can help maximize potential.
This document discusses the meaning and importance of principles of teaching. It defines principles as fundamental truths or guiding norms that govern processes like education. Principles of teaching are derived from expert opinions, comparative studies of teachers, and educational experiments. They serve as the basis for intelligent educational practice and guide, stimulate, and interpret school practices. Principles are classified into starting, guiding, and ending types. Starting principles involve student characteristics and development. Guiding principles refer to instructional methods and techniques. Ending principles relate to educational goals, objectives, and outcomes. The document maintains that understanding principles of teaching can help educators better meet the needs of individual students.
This document discusses various methods of clinical teaching and their effectiveness in nursing education. It begins by defining clinical teaching and education, and outlines the objectives of explaining different teaching methods for staff and patients. Some key methods discussed include lectures, demonstrations, group discussions, seminars, role-playing, projects, and simulations. For each method, the document explains the process and provides advantages and disadvantages. The overall purpose is to evaluate different approaches to clinical instruction and their impacts on students' nursing skills and abilities.
The document discusses comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), which is a multidisciplinary evaluation of elderly patients to develop a treatment plan. It defines CGA and explains its importance in evaluating multiple domains, including functional status, physical health, mental health, and socio-environmental factors. Several assessment tools are described for each domain. The document also analyzes a clinical case study of an elderly patient who fell and demonstrates how CGA would evaluate her across different areas.
This document provides guidance on techniques for conducting a physical examination, including inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. It describes the equipment needed and appropriate techniques for each part of the exam. The goal is for learners to understand the procedure, sequence, documentation, and overall assessment of a client's health status after a physical exam. Key exam skills are defined, such as listening locations and characteristics for different lung and heart sounds.
The document discusses several principles of learning:
- Learning occurs internally for the learner and is activated by their motivation to learn. Teachers can help reinforce motivation.
- Learners interpret new information based on their experiences and must make their own meaning.
- Learning is strengthened when pleasant and weakened when unpleasant. It should be an enjoyable process.
- Learning progresses from unconscious incompetence to conscious competence to unconscious competence with practice.
The document discusses the SPICES model for curriculum development in medical education. SPICES stands for Student-centered, Problem-based, Integrated, Community-based, Electives, and Systematic. The model provides six educational strategies that can be used individually or together when developing or reviewing a curriculum. Each strategy is defined and factors supporting their use are discussed. The strategies are intended to make the curriculum more learner-centered, relevant to future practice, and flexible while still covering core competencies.
This document provides information on the nursing management of encephalitis and brain abscess. It defines encephalitis as an acute inflammation of the brain tissues, often accompanied by meningitis. The main causes are viral infections such as HSV and EBV. Signs and symptoms include fever, headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, and confusion. Diagnostic tests include CSF study, blood cultures, CT scan and EEG. Treatment involves antipyretics, antivirals, corticosteroids, antibiotics and IV fluids. Nursing management focuses on enhancing cerebral perfusion, reducing fever and pain, maintaining fluid balance, and promoting a return to optimal functioning.
This document provides information about common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, HIV/AIDS, and syphilis. It describes the causative agents, signs and symptoms, diagnostic testing, potential complications if left untreated, and treatment options for each STI. The roles and responsibilities of nurses in educating patients, maintaining confidentiality, and providing counseling and referrals regarding safe sexual practices and STI treatment are also summarized.
Neonatal seizures constitute a medical emergency, as they indicate potential brain damage. Subtle seizures are most common in newborns. Hypoglycemia and hypocalcemia are common treatable causes, and should be addressed before initiating anti-seizure medications. Comprehensive management involves emergency care during seizures, diagnostic workup including blood tests and imaging to identify underlying etiologies like hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and psychosocial support for the family.
Chapter 39 Nursing Care of the Child with a Disorder of the Eyes or Ears Revi...TauqeerAhmed62
This document provides information on nursing care related to disorders of the eyes and ears in children. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the eyes and ears in pediatrics. Common conditions that may affect vision or hearing are described such as conjunctivitis, strabismus, otitis media, and otitis externa. The nursing process for assessing and managing these disorders is outlined including diagnostic testing, treatment options, and education for families. Preventing visual and auditory impairment through screening, early intervention, and safety measures is also addressed.
This document discusses nursing management of intracranial pressure. It begins by defining intracranial pressure and factors that can influence it such as brain volume, blood volume, cerebrospinal fluid volume, arterial pressure, venous pressure and more. Signs of increased intracranial pressure include changes in vital signs, decreased motor function, headache and vomiting. Nursing goals for management include maintaining normal intracranial pressure, airway, fluid/electrolyte balance and positioning the patient appropriately. Interventions discussed include medication administration, oxygen therapy, monitoring devices, drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and maintaining proper nutrition.
The document discusses causes of infertility, tests used to evaluate infertility, and treatments for infertility. It outlines basic infertility workups including tests of ovarian function, cervical mucus, semen analysis, and tubal patency. Specific tests are discussed depending on whether ovarian, cervical, tubal, or male factors are suspected. Treatments mentioned include ovulation induction drugs, therapeutic insemination, and in vitro fertilization. It also covers the psychological impacts of infertility and the nurse's roles in supporting infertile couples.
The document provides an overview of Google Classroom and how to use its features for teaching and learning. It outlines the objectives of exploring Google Classroom, including being able to create classes, add students, post assignments and announcements, and grade assignments. It then describes the benefits of Google Classroom such as simplicity, efficiency, organization, and integration with Google Drive. The rest of the document guides teachers and students through the steps of using key Google Classroom features from their respective perspectives.
The workshop themes focus on how nurses can redefine the future of education through digital transformation and digital learning. The themes explore bridging the past to the future of education with digital technologies, and gaining experience with new digital avenues to transform and recapitulate how the past informs the future of nursing education.
Tyloses are outgrowths of parenchyma cells that bulge through pits in vessel walls and block water movement. They form balloonlike structures that extend into vessel members through circular bordered pits. This blocks the movement of water through the vessels.
This document discusses sensory impairments in children, focusing on hearing and visual impairments. It covers the etiology, symptoms, assessment, and management of various hearing and visual conditions. Key points include classifications of hearing loss ranging from mild to profound, as well as classifications of visual impairment including partially sighted and legally blind. Causes, treatment approaches like hearing aids and cochlear implants, and strategies to promote development and prevent further impairment are addressed for both sensory systems.
This document discusses hematological disorders involving red blood cells, including anemia and polycythemia. It defines different types of anemia such as iron deficiency anemia, pernicious anemia, and sickle cell anemia. For each type it discusses causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing considerations. It also covers polycythemia vera, defining it as a disorder where the bone marrow produces too many red blood cells, and discusses its pathophysiology, diagnostic tests, and treatment options.
Thinking is a complex cognitive process that involves conscious mental activity such as acquiring knowledge, remembering, planning, and daydreaming. It can be conceptual or abstract using concepts and language, and involves using symbols. There are different types of thinking such as perceptual, conceptual, convergent, divergent, reflective, and creative thinking. Language plays an important role in thinking by helping form concepts and share ideas. Various factors like experience, motivation, and cognitive skills can influence thinking.
Reflective practice involves healthcare professionals gaining a deeper understanding of their experiences through actively examining their own practice and having it scrutinized by others. It is a process of learning and developing through reflection, imitation of others, and experience. Reflective practice enables professionals to focus more closely on their work by learning from reflection, imitation, and experience.
This document discusses nursing care of children with eye and ear disorders. It begins by outlining the key topics that will be covered, including variations in pediatric eye and ear anatomy, common disorders, diagnostic tests, treatments, and nursing care considerations. Specific eye and ear disorders discussed in detail include conjunctivitis, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, periorbital cellulitis, visual impairments, and strabismus. Nursing care focuses on administering medications accurately, teaching parents to care for the child at home, and helping reduce risks of complications.
Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and SynonymsPlanet Ayurveda
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
Dr. Tan's Balance Method.pdf (From Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin)GeorgeKieling1
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Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin
About AOMA: The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin offers a masters-level graduate program in acupuncture and Oriental medicine, preparing its students for careers as skilled, professional practitioners. AOMA is known for its internationally recognized faculty, award-winning student clinical internship program, and herbal medicine program. Since its founding in 1993, AOMA has grown rapidly in size and reputation, drawing students from around the nation and faculty from around the world. AOMA also conducts more than 20,000 patient visits annually in its student and professional clinics. AOMA collaborates with Western healthcare institutions including the Seton Family of Hospitals, and gives back to the community through partnerships with nonprofit organizations and by providing free and reduced price treatments to people who cannot afford them. The Academy of Oriental Medicine at Austin is located at 2700 West Anderson Lane. AOMA also serves patients and retail customers at its south Austin location, 4701 West Gate Blvd. For more information see www.aoma.edu or call 512-492-303434.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Mo...Université de Montréal
“Psychiatry and the Humanities”: An Innovative Course at the University of Montreal Expanding the medical model to embrace the humanities. Link: https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/-psychiatry-and-the-humanities-an-innovative-course-at-the-university-of-montreal
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga-GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS-2024.pdfOsvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS AND GASTRITIS
Osvaldo Bernardo Muchanga
Gastrointestinal Infections
GASTROINTESTINAL INFECTIONS result from the ingestion of pathogens that cause infections at the level of this tract, generally being transmitted by food, water and hands contaminated by microorganisms such as E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae, Campylobacter, Staphylococcus, Rotavirus among others that are generally contained in feces, thus configuring a FECAL-ORAL type of transmission.
Among the factors that lead to the occurrence of gastrointestinal infections are the hygienic and sanitary deficiencies that characterize our markets and other places where raw or cooked food is sold, poor environmental sanitation in communities, deficiencies in water treatment (or in the process of its plumbing), risky hygienic-sanitary habits (not washing hands after major and/or minor needs), among others.
These are generally consequences (signs and symptoms) resulting from gastrointestinal infections: diarrhea, vomiting, fever and malaise, among others.
The treatment consists of replacing lost liquids and electrolytes (drinking drinking water and other recommended liquids, including consumption of juicy fruits such as papayas, apples, pears, among others that contain water in their composition).
To prevent this, it is necessary to promote health education, improve the hygienic-sanitary conditions of markets and communities in general as a way of promoting, preserving and prolonging PUBLIC HEALTH.
Gastritis and Gastric Health
Gastric Health is one of the most relevant concerns in human health, with gastrointestinal infections being among the main illnesses that affect humans.
Among gastric problems, we have GASTRITIS AND GASTRIC ULCERS as the main public health problems. Gastritis and gastric ulcers normally result from inflammation and corrosion of the walls of the stomach (gastric mucosa) and are generally associated (caused) by the bacterium Helicobacter pylor, which, according to the literature, this bacterium settles on these walls (of the stomach) and starts to release urease that ends up altering the normal pH of the stomach (acid), which leads to inflammation and corrosion of the mucous membranes and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
In addition to bacterial infections, gastritis and gastric ulcers are associated with several factors, with emphasis on prolonged fasting, chemical substances including drugs, alcohol, foods with strong seasonings including chilli, which ends up causing inflammation of the stomach walls and/or corrosion. of the same, resulting in the appearance of wounds and consequent gastritis or ulcers, respectively.
Among patients with gastritis and/or ulcers, one of the dilemmas is associated with the foods to consume in order to minimize the sensation of pain and discomfort.
Gene therapy can be broadly defined as the transfer of genetic material to cure a disease or at least to improve the clinical status of a patient.
One of the basic concepts of gene therapy is to transform viruses into genetic shuttles, which will deliver the gene of interest into the target cells.
Safe methods have been devised to do this, using several viral and non-viral vectors.
In the future, this technique may allow doctors to treat a disorder by inserting a gene into a patient's cells instead of using drugs or surgery.
The biggest hurdle faced by medical research in gene therapy is the availability of effective gene-carrying vectors that meet all of the following criteria:
Protection of transgene or genetic cargo from degradative action of systemic and endonucleases,
Delivery of genetic material to the target site, i.e., either cell cytoplasm or nucleus,
Low potential of triggering unwanted immune responses or genotoxicity,
Economical and feasible availability for patients .
Viruses are naturally evolved vehicles that efficiently transfer their genes into host cells.
Choice of viral vector is dependent on gene transfer efficiency, capacity to carry foreign genes, toxicity, stability, immune responses towards viral antigens and potential viral recombination.
There are a wide variety of vectors used to deliver DNA or oligo nucleotides into mammalian cells, either in vitro or in vivo.
The most common vector system based on retroviruses, adenoviruses, herpes simplex viruses, adeno associated viruses.
The biomechanics of running involves the study of the mechanical principles underlying running movements. It includes the analysis of the running gait cycle, which consists of the stance phase (foot contact to push-off) and the swing phase (foot lift-off to next contact). Key aspects include kinematics (joint angles and movements, stride length and frequency) and kinetics (forces involved in running, including ground reaction and muscle forces). Understanding these factors helps in improving running performance, optimizing technique, and preventing injuries.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Nutritional deficiency Disorder are problems in india.
It is very important to learn about Indian child's nutritional parameters as well the Disease related to alteration in their Nutrition.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
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2. Inheritance
• Genes are individual units of heredity of all traits
and
are organized into long segments of
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that occupy specific
locations on chromosomes and determine
particular characteristics
in an organism
• Genes determine the physical and mental
characteristics of humans
• A chromosome is a long, continuous strand of
DNA that carries genetic information
3. Pedigree: a diagram showing links between
family members and medical information
4. Nurse’s Role and Responsibilities
• Pediatric nurses will encounter children with genetic
disorders in every clinical specialty area, including
clinics, hospitals, schools, and community-based
centers
• Talking with families who have recently been
diagnosed with a genetic disorder or who have had a
child born with congenital anomalies is very difficult
• Many times the nurse may be the one who has first
contact with these parents and will be the one to
provide follow-up care
5. Common Medical Treatments
• A variety of medications as well as other
medical treatments are used to treat the
symptoms of genetic disorders in children
• Genetic disorders do not have specific
treatments and there is no cure
• Treatment will focus on the specific symptoms
of each disorder
6. Nursing Process Overview for the Child with a
Genetic Disorder
• Assessment
– Health history
– Physical examination
• Inspection and observation
• Auscultation
• Palpation
– Laboratory and diagnostic testing
• Nursing diagnoses, goals, interventions, and
evaluations
8. Down Syndrome
• AKA trisomy 21:
– Extra chromosome 21 in 92%-95%
– Translocation of chromosome 21 in 3%-
6%
– Mosaicism in 1%-3%
• Syndrome:A recognized pattern of
malformations with a single, specific
anatomic, physiologic, or biochemical
cause
10. Down Syndrome (cont’d)
• Etiology unknown, likely multiple causes
• Most common chromosomal abnormality:
– 1 in 800-1000 live births
• Maternal age:
– Age 30: incidence ~1 in 950
– Age 40: incidence ~1 in 110
– In about 5% of cases extra chromosome is from father
– 80% of Down syndrome infants have mothers <35
years old
• Most common genetic cause of intellectual
disability
11. Manifestations of Down Syndrome
• Head, face, eyes
– Rounded and small skull
– Inner epicanthal folds, speckling on Iris (Brushfield
spots)
– Small nose, depressed nasal bridge
– Small ears, short pinna, conductive hearing loss
– Protruding tongue, delayed teeth eruption (small
and mal-aligned, prone to dental caries)
• Chest, neck,
– Short, broad neck with excess skin
– Shortened rib cage, 12th rib anomalies
– Congenital heart defect
12. Manifestations of Down Syndrome(cont.)
• Abdomen,Genitalia, skin
– Protruding, lax, flabby abdomen
– Prone to umbilical hernias
– Males: small penis, cryptorchidism
undescended testicle(s)
– Females: bulbous vulva
• Hands, feet
– Broad, short hands and stubby fingers
– Incurved little finger and transverse palmar
crease
– Broad, short feet and stubby toes, wide space
between big and 2nd toes
– Plantar crease
13. Child with Down Syndrome
FIG. 19-6 Down syndrome in an infant. Note small, square head
with upward slant to eyes, flat nasal bridge, protruding tongue,
mottled skin, and hypotonia.
14.
15. Down Syndrome
Congenital Anomalies
• 40%-45% heart defects
• Renal: hypoplasia, glomerular malformation,
simple cysts, obstructive uropathy
• Hirschsprung: Hirschsprung's disease is a condition that
affects the large intestine (colon) and causes problems with
passing stool.
• Tracheoesophageal fistula
• Altered immune function: early senescence
(aging)
• Skeletal defects:
– Atlantoaxial instability:instability of first and second
cervical vertebrae; concern with sports activities; stress on
head and neck from spinal cord compression
18. Other Complications of Down Syndrome
• Leukemia. Young children with Down syndrome are more likely to
develop leukemia than are other children.
• Infectious diseases. Because of abnormalities in their immune systems,
those with Down syndrome are much more susceptible to infectious
diseases, such as pneumonia.
• Dementia. Later in life, people with Down syndrome have a greatly
increased risk of dementia. Signs and symptoms of dementia often
appear before age 40 in people with Down syndrome.
• Sleep apnea. Because of soft tissue and skeletal alterations that lead to
the obstruction of their airways, children with Down syndrome are at
greater risk of obstructive sleep apnea.
• Obesity. People with Down syndrome have a greater tendency to be
obese than does the general population.
• Other problems. Down syndrome may also be associated with other
health conditions, including gastrointestinal blockage, thyroid
problems, hearing loss, skeletal problems and poor vision.
19. Life expectancy
•
Life spans have increased dramatically for people with Down
syndrome.
– In 1929, a baby born with Down syndrome often didn't live to age 10.
– Today, someone with Down syndrome can expect to live to 50 and
beyond, depending on the severity of his or her health problems. Life
span continues to increase because of early interventions and better
care.
• http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/down-
syndrome/DS00182/DSECTION=complications
20.
21. Common Chromosomal Abnormalities
Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome)
– 3 number 18 chromosomes
– Occurs 1:6,000 births
Trisomy 13
– 3 number 13 chromosomes
– Occurs 1: 10,000 births
• Both produce several anomolies and mental retardation
• Prognosis is poor; usually don’t survive past 1 year
• No cure
• May be diagnoses during prenatal period or shortly after birth
• Nursing Management:
– Supportive to family
– Keep child comfortable
– Provide resources
• SOFT a support organization for families with children who have
chromosomal abnormalities
– http://www.trisomy.org/
23. Turner’s syndrome
• Abnormality of the sex chromosome, have only one X
chromosome or abnormality of one sex chromosomes
(XO)
• Occurs 1: 4,000 live female births
• A sporadic event so doesn’t affect future pregnancies
• Abnormality is not inherited from an affected parent (not
passed down from parent to child) because women with
Turner syndrome are usually sterile and cannot have
children.
• No cure
• Therapeutic management focuses on health issues with
syndrome
24. What are the symptoms of Turner
syndrome?
• Turner syndrome affects growth and sexual
development.
– Girls with this disorder are shorter than normal,
and may fail to start puberty when they should.
This is because the ovaries (which produce eggs, as
well as the sex hormones estrogen and
progesterone) fail to develop properly.
• Women with Turner syndrome appear to have
– a stocky appearance,
– arms that turn out slightly at the elbow,
– a receding lower jaw,
– a short webbed neck,
– and low hairline at the back of the neck.
• Other medical symptoms include:
– lymphedema (swelling of hands and feet),
– heart and/or kidney defects,
– high blood pressure, and
– infertility (inability to have children).
25. Characteristics of Turner
Syndrome • Webbed neck
• Low posterior
hairline,
• Wide-spaced
nipples,
• Edema of hands
and feet,
• Amenorrhea
• No secondary sex
characteristics
• Sterility
• Perceptual and
social skill
difficulties
26. How do doctors diagnose Turner
syndrome?
• About half of the cases are diagnosed within the first few
months of a girl's life by the characteristic physical symptoms
(swelling of the hands and feet, or a heart defect). Other
patients are diagnosed in adolescence because they fail to
grow normally or go through puberty.
• When the doctor suspects Turner syndrome, a blood sample
can be used to make a karyotype (a chromosome analysis) and
the diagnosis can be confirmed.
• Turner syndrome may be diagnosed during pregnancy with a
chorionic villus sampling (CVS) or amniocentesis. Alternatively,
an ultrasound (a machine that uses sound waves to look inside
a mother's uterus) can identify the disorder by its physical
symptoms before the baby is born.
27. How is Turner syndrome treated?
• Hormone replacement therapy is the best way to treat this
disorder.
• Teenagers are treated with growth hormone to help them
reach a normal height.
• They may also be given low doses of androgens (male
hormones which females also produce in small quantities) to
increase height and encourage normal hair and muscle
growth.
• Some patients may take the female hormone estrogen to
promote normal sexual development.
28. Common Chromosomal Abnormalities Klinefelter’s
syndrome (XXY)
• Most common sex chromosome abnormality
• Phenotype male but one or more X chromosomes are present
• Incidence 1:1,000 males
• Nursing assessment
– Males have some female-like features due to testosterone deficiency
• Nursing management
– Supportive, provide education, resources and support
– Counseling about infertility, marriage and relationships
– Ideally, XXY males should begin testosterone treatment as they enter
puberty. XXY males diagnosed in adulthood are also likely to benefit
from the hormone. A regular schedule of testosterone injections will
increase strength and muscle size, and promote the growth of facial and
body hair.
30. Fragile X Syndrome: X-linked Dominance
with Reduced Penetrance
• Second most common genetic cause of
cognitive impairment after Down syndrome
• Differs from X-linked recessive pattern
• Abnormal gene on the lower end of the long
arm of the X chromosome
• More common in males; appears sometimes
in females
31. Classic Physical Appearance
of Fragile X Syndrome
• Large head circumference,
long face, prognathism
(promanent jaw), large ears,
strabismus
• Mitral valve prolapse
• Hypotonia
• Macroorchidism (large testes)
33. Classic Behavioral Features
of Fragile X Syndrome
• May have normal IQ with learning difficulties
or Mild to severe cognitive impairment
• Delayed speech and language
• Hyperactivity
• Hypersensitivity
• Autistic-like behaviors
• Intolerance to change in routine
34. Therapeutic Management
of Fragile X Syndrome
• Serotonin agents—behavioral control
• Stimulants for hyperactivity (similar to ADHD
management)
• Protein replacement and gene therapy options being
investigated
• Referral to early intervention program
• Prognosis: expected to live normal life span
35. Nursing Management of Child with Impaired
Cognitive Function
• Nursing Diagnoses:
– Delayed Growth and Development r/t impaired cognitive
functioning
– Interrupted Family processes r/t having a child with
cognitive impairment
• Outcomes:
– Child will achieve optimum:
• Growth and development potential
• Socialization
– Family will:
• Receive adequate information and support
• Be prepared for long-term care of the child
36. Nursing Interventions
• Perform a physical and developmental
assessment
• Assist with and explain diagnostic tests
• Educate child and family
– Managing stimulation
– Providing simple, one-step instructions
– Motivation and positive reinforcement
– Early intervention programs available in area
37. Nursing Interventions (cont.)
• Teach child self-care skills
• Promote child’s optimal development
• Encourage play and exercise
• Provide means of communication
• Establish discipline
• Encourage socialization
– Inclusion
– Camps
– Special Olympics
38. Nursing Interventions (cont.)
• Provide information on Sexuality
• Help family adjust to future care needs
– At home
– Day care
– Long-term care
• Teach Prevention to families/parents
– Reduce risk factors: smoking, drugs, alcohol
– Prenatal care
– Early screening
39. Care During Hospitalization
• Mutual participation model: working
WITH parents to share child’s care
• Obtain a thorough assessment
– Self-care abilities
– Special devises needed: braces,
equipment, etc.
– Routines, unusual behaviors
– Nutrition and eating, elimination
– Play, special toys and activities
40. Care During Hospitalization
• Explain procedures and
treatments at child’s
cognitive level
• Work in partnership
with parents
• Opportunity to learn
and grow in areas of
self-care and
socialization
41. Other Genetic Disorders
• Many genetic disorders occur in children and
have lifelong effects
• Thousands of genetic disorders are currently
known and new ones are being discovered
• The majority of these disorders are quite rare
• Newborn screenings helps to identify these
problems early so treatment may begin
immediately